AP Human Geography Review Packet – Flashcards
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Longitude
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It is the angular distance, degrees minuties ,and secondes of a point east to west of the prime
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Latitude
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It is the angular distance, degrees minuties ,and secondes of a points north to south of the equator.
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Absolute Location
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The postion or place of a certain item on the surface of the earth expressed in degrees.
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Site
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The internal physical attributes of a place.
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Situation
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The external local attribes of a place.
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Relative Location
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The regional postion or situation of a place of relitive to the position of other places.
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Mental Map
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The map you have in your head.
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Cartographer
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The science of making maps.
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Projections
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The scientific method of transferring locations on Earths surface on a flat map.
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Physical Map
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A map that shows elevation, mountains, rivers,etc.
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Political Map
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A map that shows countries,cities, and capital cities.
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Speacial Purpose Maps
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A map that are designed for a special purpose like highways maps and projection map..
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Roberson Projects
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A map that shows minimal distortions.
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Mercator Projections
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A map that shows directions.
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Cylinardical Maps
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A map that is used by pilots to navigate around the world.
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Conic Map
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A map that looks like a cone was put on top of the earth but it keep the distance but loses directions.
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Planar Map
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A map that shows the earth from its poles.
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Oval Map
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A map that is a combination of a conic and cylindrical.
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Thememactic Map
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A map that is designe to show particular theme.
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Choroplath
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A map that uses shading to indicate strength of variable.
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Demography
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The study of the population.
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Crude Birth Rates
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Birth Rate per 1,000 population.
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Net Migration Rate
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It's how many people migrate by the 1,000.
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Total Fertially Rate
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The number of women that have kids.
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Life expectancy
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How long some is going to live.
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Crude Death Rate
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The amount of people that die 1000 per thousand
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Dependacy Ratio
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The presence of population that works.
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Sex Ratio
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A breakdown of the populations gender.
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Arithmetic Density
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Number of people/Number or square miles.
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Physiological Density
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Number of people/Number square miles that are farmable.
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Urbanization
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The amount of population that live in urban areas.
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Doubling Time
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The amount of time it takes a countries to double there population.
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Demographic Transtion Models
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A model that represents the transitions of high birth rates and death rates ,and low birth rates low death rates.
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Population Pryimad
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A illustration that show the distribution of the human population by age groups.
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Negative Checks
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War,famine,starvation are need to control the population.
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Neo-Malthusian
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Support in population programs to ensure the resources to future generations.
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Migration
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The movement of people that result in permeant relocation.
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Rufugee
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A person that the well-found fear of being persecuted for reason of race,relgion and nationally and relocates to another area.
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Push Factors
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The condition that help a migrant decide to leave.
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Pull Factors
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The circumstances that effectly attract a migrant to certain locations.
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Culture Heaths
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A place ewere place and ideas .
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Culture Realm
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A enture region effected by relgion
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Cultural regions
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Region defined by culture.
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Formal Regions
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Regions that simular characteristics
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Functional Regions
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Regions that have transportation systems,communication systems,econmic association,functional associations.
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Vernacular Regions
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Region that are based on metal maps and tend to be highly variable.
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The distance decay effect
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A innovation that would have less impact on places father from the hearth.
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Expansion diffusion
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innovation that moves outwards while people or technology causing diffusion to reamain in the hearth.
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Contagouis diffusion
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Innovation that spreads outward from the hearth.
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Stimulus Diffusion
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Innovation that is not completely abosrbed in new place.
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Acculturations
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When are person or a group changes them adapts enough to a new culture to survive in a new area.
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Time-space compression
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describes the effect of new technology and transpiration making places seem closer than they actually are.
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Race
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Human characterizations by color.
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Racism
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Hostile attitudes toward a certain race becase pf there certain physical characteristics or color.
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Language
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A set or combination of sound that is iesed of communication.
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Isogloss
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A geographic boundaries within which a particular linguistic origin.
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Language families
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A group of languages with shared but very distance origin.
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Place
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The uniqueness of a location.
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Toponyms
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A places name.
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Acculturation
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The adoption of cultural traits,while under the influence of another culture.
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Heartland theory
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The key to the heart pf the world is world domanice and wold power.
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Rimland theory
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The key to world control and power is in Eurussia.
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World system theory
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A theory that divides the world in there groups by social power,political power and economic stand points.
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Primary territory
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Used almost exculvlly by a induval or group.
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Secondary territory
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A territory that is used by indvaulas or shared by others.
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Tertiary Territory
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A territory that is used by everyone.
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Gerrymadering
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the practice of divding a geographic area inot voting districtsto get a unfair advantage.
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Buffer state
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A neutral country that is located between two war torn countries.
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Satellite state
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A country that is independent but relies on other countries economically and politically.
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Pshyical boundaries
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A boundary that is spereated by natural earth features.
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Cultural boundaries
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A boundary that is made by language or religion.
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Geometric boundaries
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A boundary that is a straight line.
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Antecedent boundaries
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A boundary that was establish by a prior settlement.
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Subsequent boundaries
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A boundary that was esatblished after a settlement.
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Superimposed boundaries
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A boundary that is set by a outside country.
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Relict boundaries
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A boundary that does not exist nay more but there is a cultrual boundary.
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Fortified boundaries
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A physical boundary that is made by man.
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Allcational
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A dispute over resources.
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Definitional
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A dispute over legal language.
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Locational
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A dispute over a exact boundaries.
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Nation
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A large aggregate of people united by common descent,history,culture or language,inhabiting inhabiting a particular country or territory .
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Neolithic Revolution
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It is a time where human stopped hunting and gathering to domesticate crops.
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Plant Domestication
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Its when the genetic make up of a plant is changed so human can survive.
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Animal Domestication
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The genetic modifactions of animals for the benefit for human.
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Second Agriculture Revolution
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It is the movement of substance agriculture.
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Subsistence Agriculture
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Self sufficient agriculture on a small scale .
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Fertile crescent
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A place in India where think plant domestication first started scientist.
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Agribusinesses
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Businesses that have anything to do with food.
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Commercial Farming
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The cultivation of a few species of crops on a large scale.
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Ranching
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The commercial grazing or rising of domestic animals.
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Large-scale Grain Production
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A lot of gain that is grown to be shipped off or exported for comsuption.
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Colonization
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A country that take over another government and uses it for its resources..
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Imperialism
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A continuation of a colonial empire .
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Nationalism
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The pride that you have for you country .
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Biotechnology
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Any techniques used to modify living organism in such a way to improve the plant species or animal species.
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GMO
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Genetically modified organism that are used to benefit humans.
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Plantation Farming
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Large scale farming with only a couple plant species .
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Daring
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The process of getting milk from cows .
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Food Production Industry
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Its is the food production factories and assets .
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Primary Economic Activities
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These involve resources being taken form the earth .
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Secondary Economic Activities
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These involve processing the raw materials gained from the primary sector.
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Tertiary Economic Activities
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These involve where the producer and consumers connect .
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Quaternary Economic Activities
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The service industries collect,processing and manipulate information for capital.
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Quandary Economic Activities
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Service that require a high level of specailized knowalgede.
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Planed Economy
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A type of economy that give the government control over distribution or resources .
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Market Economy
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A economy that is ruled by supply and demand.
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Mixed Economy
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A mixed economy is has communist and a planed economy.
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Supply
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It is how much product you have in stock.
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Demand
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It is what the people want .
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Free Trade Zones
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A area that is designated by the government to attract business .
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NAFTA
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It removed the barrier of trade in North America .
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The Four Asian Tigers
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Region that have advanced there economy because of there realtions of the United States.
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The Four Little Tgers
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Area that have not reached economic development yet .
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Deindustrialization
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Its when companies relocate for America manufacturing to other manufacturing belts.
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Transitional Coperations
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Companies that have offices around the world.
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Multinational Coperations
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Corporations that provide local services.
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Take-Off
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Its when a secondary sector expands.
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Drive to Maturity
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It is where industries grow in there investments and capital.
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Age of High Class Consumption
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It is where companies grow out to a more global scale.
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Demographic Stats
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A model that determines development of a country.
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Devolution
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The transference in reasonability for the services to local governments and their own decision making .
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Culture
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A group of belief systems,norms and values practiced by a group of people.
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Folk Culture
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It is a rual culture that is cohesive in cultural traits.
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Popular Culture
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It is a urban culture that is constantly changing.
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Assimilation
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It is when a culture tries to change another society's culture.
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Custom
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A group that routinely follows another culture.
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Culture Appropriation
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A process where a culture adapts customs or knowledge.
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Neolocalism
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Seeking out the regional culture and reinvigorating it into the area.
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Ethnic Neighborhoods
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Where people that are part of a culture live.
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Distance Decay
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It is the effect of distance on interactions.
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Time and Space Compression
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It explains how quickly innovation quickly diffuse.
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Cultural Landscape
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The visible imprint of human activity on a landscape.
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Global local continuum
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The notation that what happens at a global scale has a direct effect on a local scale.
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Gloalcalization
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The process by which people in local place meditate,alter,regional national and global process.
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EPA
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A organization that put regulations on fossil fuels.
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Global Warming
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It when greenhouse gases are trap in the atmosphere.
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World Cities
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A city economical and politically dominant than the other ones.
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Linkages
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A outline of global interactions.
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A node of Globalization
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Cities connect though networks .
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Globalization
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The expansion of economic,political,and cultural processes to the point where they become a global scale .
