AP Human Geography Key Terms 7 – Flashcards
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International Organization
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An alliance of two or more countries seeking cooperation with each other without giving up either's autonomy or self determination.
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Landlocked State
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A state that is completely surrounded by the land of other states, which gives it a disadvantage in terms of accessibility to and from international trade routes.
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Law of the Sea
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Law establishing states' rights and responsibilities concerning the ownership and use of the earth's seas and oceans and their resources.
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Lebensraum
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Hilter's expansionist theory based on a drive to acquire "living space" for the German people.
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Nation
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Tightly knit group of individuals sharing a common language, ethnicity, religion, and other cultural attributes.
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Nationalism
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A sense of national pride to such an extent of exalting one nation above all others.
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Nation-State
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A country whose population possesses a substantial degree of cultural homogeneity and unity.
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North American Free Trade Agreement
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Agreement signed on January 1, 1994, that allows the opening of borders between the Unites States, Mexico, and Canada.
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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An international organization that has joined together for military purposes.
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North/South Divide
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The economic division between the wealthy countries of Europe and North America, Japan, and Australia and the generally poorer countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
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Organic Theory
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The view that states resemble biological organisms with life cycles that include states of youth, maturity, and old age.
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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
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An international economic organization whose member countries all produce and export oil.
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Perforated State
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A state whose territory completey surrounds that of another state.
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Physical Boundary
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Political boundaries that correspond with prominent physical features such as mountain ranges or rivers.
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Political Geography
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The spatial analysis of political phenomena and processes.
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Popular Vote
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The tally of each individual's vote within a given geographic area.
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Prorupted State
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A state that exhibits a narrow, elongated land extension leading away from the main territory.
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Reapportionment
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The process of a reallocation of electoral seats to defined territories.
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Rectangular State
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A state whose territory is rectangular in shape.
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Redistricting
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Te drawing of new electoral district boundary lines in response to population changes.
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Relic Boundaries
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Old political boundaries that no longer exist as international border, but that have left an enduring mark on the local cultural or environmental geography.
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Rimland Theory
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Nicholas Spykman's Theory that the domination of the coastal fringes of Eurasia would provide the base for world conquest.
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Self-Determination
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The right of a nation to govern itself autonomously.
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Sovereignty
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Supreme or independent political power.
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State
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A politically organized territory that is administered by a sovereign government and is recognized by the international community.
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States' Rights
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Rights and powers believed to be in the authority of the state rather than the federal government.
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Subsequent Boundaries
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Boundary line established after an area has been settled that considers the social and cultural characteristics of the area.
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Superimposed Boundaries
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Boundary line drawn in an area ignoring the existing cultural pattern.
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Supranational Organization
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Organization of three or more states to promote shared objectives.
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Territorial Organization
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Political organization that distributes political power in more easily governed units of land.
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Theocracy
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A state whose government is either believed to be divinely guided or a state under the control of a group of religious leaders.
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Unitary State
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A state governed constitutionally as a unit, without internal divisions or a federalist delegation of powers.
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United Nations
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A global supranational organization established at the end of World War II to foster international security and cooperation.
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Export-Processing Zone
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Areas where governments create favorable investment and trading conditions to attract export-oriented industries.
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Agglomeration
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Grouping together of many firms from the same industry in a single area for collective or cooperative use of infrastructure and sharing of labor resources.
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Ancillary Activities
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Economic activitees that surround and support large-scale industries such as shipping and food service.
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Backwash Effect
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The negative effects on one region that result from economic growth within another region.
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Break-Bulk Point
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A location where large shipments of goods are broken up into smaller containers for delivery to local markets.
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Brick-and-Mortar Business
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Traditional businesses with actual stores in which trade or retail occurs; it does not exist solely on the Internet.
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Bulk Gaining Industries
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Industries whose final products weigh more after assembly than they did previously in their constituent parts. Such industries tend to have production facilities close to their markets.
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Bulk Reducing Industries
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Industries whose final products weigh less than their constituent parts, and whose processing facilities tend to be located close to the sources of raw materials.
