AP Human Geography Chapter 9: Development – Flashcards
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What is the definition of Development?
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The process of improving the material conditions of people through the diffusion of knowledge and technology
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What are the two categories that countries fall into regarding development?
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MDCs - More developed countries LDCs - Less developed countries
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How is a country's level of development determined?
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By The Human Development Index (HDI)
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What are the four factors in the Human Development Index?
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Economic: (1) gross domestic product (GDP) per capita Social: (2) literacy (3) amount of education Demographic: (4) life expectancy
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What is the range of possible HDIs? What is the country with the highest HDI as of 2009? Lowest?
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Ranges from 0 to 1. The highest possible HDI is 1.00 (100%). Norway holds the highest HDI with 0.971. Niger holds the lowest HDI with 0.340.
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Where are the countries with high HDIs primarily located? Latitude Line? What are the exceptions?
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Primarily above 30 degrees N latitude. Exception: Austrailia
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What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
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GDP is the value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country. It is the main economic indicator of development.
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How do you calculate GDP per capita?
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GDP divided by population
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What is the average GDP per capita in MDCs vs LDCs?
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GDP per capita in MDCs exceeded $30,000. GDP per capita in LDCs was less than $3,000.
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Why is GDP not a very good indicator of the distribution of wealth in a country?
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It is only an average.
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GDP per capita is _____ between MDCs and LDCs. What does this mean?
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Widening. This means MDCs are getting richer while LDCs are getting poorer overall.
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In addition to GDP, what are three other indicators useful in determining if a country is an LDC or MDC?
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Types of jobs, Productivity, and Consumer goods
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What are the 3 sectors in the Types of Jobs category, and what types of jobs do these sectors include?
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Primary sector - workers extract materials from the Earth, agriculture, mining Secondary sector - manufacturing, processing raw materials into a product Tertiary sector - provision of goods or services for payment, retail, banking, law, education, government
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How is productivity measured?
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Measured by the value added per capita - which is the gross value of a product minus the costs of raw materials and energy.
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What are consumer goods in MDCs vs LDCs?
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In LDCs, consumer goods such as telephones, televisions, and motor vehicles are familiar to many people but owned by relatively few. In MDCs, these items are owned by almost all people.
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What are the 2 Social Indicators of Development?
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Education and Literacy & Health and Welfare
