Ap Gov Chapter 13 Answers – Flashcards
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A law that says that before adopting a new rule or policy, an agency must give notice, solicit comments and often hold hearings
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Administrative Procedures Act
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A bill that yearly grants permission to spend a certain sum of money, but that money doesn't ordinarily become available unless in is also appropriated
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Annual Authorization
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A legislative grant of money to finance a government program or agency
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Appropriation
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Legislative permission to begin or continue a government program or agency
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Authorization Legislation
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The actual recruitment of civil servants, especially in middle and upper level jobs is somewhat more complicated and slightly more political than the laws and rules might suggest
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Buddy System
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A large, complex organization composed of appointed officials
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Bureaucracy
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The behavior of employees is governed by formal rules and standard operating procedures, and coordination is achieved through hierarchical reporting relationships.
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Bureaucratic Culture
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The ability of a congressional committee to review and approve certain agency decisions i advance and without passing a law
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Committee Clearance
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The government offices to which people are appointed on the basis of merit, as ascertained by a written exam or by applying certain selection criteria
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Competitive Service
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When agencies seem to be working at cross-puposes with other agencies
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Conflict
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The extent to which appointed bureaucrats can choose courses of action and make policies that are not spelled out in advance by laws
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Discretionary Authority
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When two government agencies seem to be doing the same things
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Duplication
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A law that states that citizens have the rights to inspect all government records except those containing military, intelligence or trade secrets or revealing private personnel actions
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Freedom of Information Act
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The tendency of agencies to grow without regard to the benefits that their programs confer or the costs that they entail
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Imperialism
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A close relationship between an agency, a congressional committee and an interest group
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Iron Triangle
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A network of people in DC- based interest groups, on congressional staffs, in universities and think tank and in the mass media, who regularly discuss and advocate public policies
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Issue Network
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An economic theory that government should not regulate or interfere with commerce
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Laissez-Faire
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The authority of congress to block a presidential action after it has taken place. The Supreme Court has held that Congress does not have this power
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Legislative Veto
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A job that is filled by a persom whom an agency has already identified
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Name Request Job
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A law that states that before undertaking any major action affecting the environment, an agency must issue an enviornmental impact statement
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National Environmental Policy Act
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Given to high-ranking members of the regular competitive civil service at these high levels
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Noncareer Executive Assignments
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A law that states that every part of every agency meeting must be open to the public unless certain matters (for example, military or trade secrets) aer being discussed
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Open Meeting Law
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The power of congress to watch over or supervise the bureaucracy and makes ure things are carried out properly
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Oversight
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Appointments made on the basis of loyalts versus of political considerations versus necessarily merit- a reward for political loyalty
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Patronage
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An act that transferred federal jobs from the patronage to merit system
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Pendleton Act
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A law that insures that government files about individuals, usch as social security and tax records must be kept confidential
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Privacy Act
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Complex bureaucratic rules and procedures that must be followed to get something done
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Red Tape
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Jobs that are described to have a "confidential or policy-determinig character" below the level of cabinet or subcabinet posts (including executive assistants, special aides and confidential secretaries)
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Schedhule c jobs
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An organization with thousands of top federal managers that can (in theory) be hired, fired and transferred more easily then ordinary civil servants
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Senior Executive Service
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Also known as political patronage, it is the practice of giving the fruits of a party's victory, such as jobs and contracts to the loyal members of that party
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Spoils System
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Funds for government programs that are collected and spent outside the regular government budget; the amounts are determined by preexisting law v.s annual appropriations
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Trust Fund
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Spending more than is necessary to buy some product or service
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Waste
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A law that created an organization, the office of special counsel, to investigate complaints from bureaucrats that were punished after reporting to congress about waste, fraud, or abuse in their agencies
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Whistleblower Protection Act
