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The FCC's equal time requirement

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prohibits broadcasters from selling or giving time to political candidates and denying it to their opponents.

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In comparison with today's newspapers, early American newspapers were

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supported by the political parties.

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The reason the news product is designed to fascinate as well as to inform is because

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news organizations are fundamentally businesses and must obtain revenue to survive.

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The Gazette of the United States was founded to promote the policies of President

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George Washington.

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CNN and MSNBC have responded to Fox's ratings success by

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installing talk-show hosts with partisan or hard-edged appeals.

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On both radio and television, most successful partisan talk shows

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have been hosted by conservatives.

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Which of the following characteristics does the internet have that traditional media lacks?

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the ability to interact with its followers

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The commitment of the contemporary traditional media to two-sided news reporting

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does not extend to their editorializing.

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The term "framing" is used to describe

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the process of selecting certain aspects of reality and making them the most salient part of the communication, thereby conveying a particular interpretation of a situation.

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In terms of news consumption, since the 1980s young adults

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have been less informed than older ones.

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The technological change that brought about the decline of the partisan press was

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the invention of the high speed rotary press.

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American news reporting is

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None of these answers is correct.

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What story describing actions by the Bush Administration, reported by The New York Times in 2005, was then criticized by the Bush Administration as damaging to national security?

answer

the authorization of domestic wiretapping without judicial approval

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The traditional media have "softened" their news by

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infusing it with more stories about celebrities, crime, and the like.

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During what decade did the American news audience change from a growing to a shrinking one?

answer

the 1980s

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The Communications Act

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imposed on broadcasters an "equal time" restriction that prevented preference for some political candidates over others.

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On-the-scene coverage of a natural disaster is an example of the press's role of

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signaler

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The Internet has

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failed to strengthen the news-reading habits of Americans.

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The special contribution of Internet-based news is that it

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provides an outlet for opinion.

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Freedom of the press is substantial in the United States because

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(All these answers are correct) -the libel laws favor the press over a public figure. -of the country's tradition of free expression. -of the judiciary's position that prior restraint of the press by government is rarely permissible. -it is a First Amendment liberty.

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The Watergate scandal illustrates the

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power of the media to serve as watchdog to safeguard against abuse of power.

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Agenda setting is an action that falls under which of the major roles played by the press?

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signaler

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Objective reporting is based on the idea that the reporter's job is to

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report the facts and cover alternative sides of a partisan debate.

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Historically, the American press has shifted from

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a political to a journalistic orientation.

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The average length of time that presidential candidates are shown speaking without interruption on television broadcasts

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has declined sharply since the 1960s.

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The news media's common-carrier role is based on the idea that

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the press should provide a channel through which political leaders can communicate their views to the public.

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Broadcasting revolutionized the American media because it

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All these answers are correct -was the first truly national mass medium. -opened a direct, instantaneous channel between a leader and the people. -reached millions of people simultaneously.

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Which of the following has the lowest public confidence rating of any major American institution?

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the news media

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One of the reasons that the reporting of national news is relatively uniform among news sources is because

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a small number of news organizations and news services generate most of the news.

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Which of the following statements is true?

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Objective journalism is based on communication of facts and fairness.

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When compared with their counterparts in Great Britain, Germany, Sweden, and Italy, U.S. journalists were more likely to

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endorse the principle of partisan neutrality.

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The news media are usually guided by events that

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are timely.

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Which institution receives the most news coverage from the national press?

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the presidency

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The media have professional norms and standards that create

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competitive pressures to report the same stories.

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_____ once said, "You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war."

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William Randolph Hearst

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In contrast to European news media, American news media are more likely to

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act primarily as neutral transmitters of information.

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Which newspaper was the first to reduce the price of a daily copy to a penny?

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The New York Sun

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Which journalists are most likely to agree that they should be as nonpartisan as possible in their reporting?

answer

American

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Yellow journalism contributed to public support for the

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Spanish-American War.

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Which of the following statements has been shown by scholarly research to be true?

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Journalists tend to be negative.

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The federal government's licensing of broadcasting is based primarily on

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the scarcity of broadcasting frequencies.

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The media perform the signaling role by

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informing the public of important news developments as quickly as possible.

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The yellow journalism of 1900 was characterized by

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the emphasis on sensationalism as a way of selling newspapers.

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In the 1960s, presidential candidates

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received more favorable coverage than they do today.

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The news provides a selective depiction of reality because it

answer

emphasizes dramatic events and excludes slow, steady processes.

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