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in his "Utopia" Thomas Moore

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outlined a social order with communal property

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the immediate cause of the english reformation was

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Queen Catherine's failure to produce a male heir

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Northern Renaissance humanists were more interested than their southern counterparts in church

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reform

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Popular religion in the late Middle Ages and Renaissance witnessed a

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revival of mysticism called the Modern Devotion

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The Christian Humanists were

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supported by wealthy German patrons

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Luther and Zwingli parted company over the issue of

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the Lords Supper

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The Edict of Worms

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made Luther an outlaw within the Holy Roman Empire

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Zwinglianism was a Swiss Reform movement that

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stressed state supervision over the church

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Luther finally answered the question "How can i be saved?" by

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the doctrine of justification by grace through faith alone

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The Peasant's War of 1524-25(Swabian present revolt)

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was primarily a revolt of peasants rising expectations against their noble lords

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Martin Luther's early life was characterized by

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an obsession with his own sinfulness

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The astronomer of the second century A.D. whose map had a significant influence upon the European voyages in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries was

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Ptomely

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The African slave trade

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increased the number of wars in Africa because of the increasing demand for prisoners who could be sold as slaves.

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By the early seventeenth century the greatest commercial and banking center of Europe was

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Amsterdam

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The Mesoamerica civilization which existed at the time of European exploration was the

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Aztec

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The mainland states of Southeast Asia had better success in resisting European encroachment than did the Spice Islands and Malay states because

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they were more cohesive politically.

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Spain's important as a commercial power declined in the seventeenth century because

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of the drop in output of the New World silver mines.

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The capital of the Aztec empire was

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Tenochtitlan

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Which nation(s) or continent was least affected by European power and influence, including religious influence?

answer

China and Japan

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The most valuable product from the West Indies was

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sugar.

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The first known circumnavigation of the earth was by

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Ferdinand Magellan

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The religious crusading motive for exploration was strongest in

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Spain and Portugal.

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In the 1440s, among the first profits the Portuguese derived from their maritime exploration and returning ships came from the sale of

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African slaves.

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The Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas was

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Francisco Pizarro.

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The Treaty of Tordesillas divided

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the New World between Spain and Portugal.

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The European nation which had the first direct contact with China since Marco Polo was

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Portugal.

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The first religious group in Europe to criticize slavery and slave trade were the

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Quakers.

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The European who first referred to the Native Americans as "Indians" was

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Christopher Columbus.

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The major European disease that resulted in high rates of mortality among the natives of the New World was

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smallpox.

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What was not part of the Colombian exchange?

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Potatoes from Europe and chocolate from the New World l.

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The inflation of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries

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caused a decline in the standard of living for wage earners.

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When Vasco da Gama reached India, he announces he was searching for

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"Christians and spices"

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Because of the impact of European diseases such as smallpox, the 100,000 population of Hispaniola when Columbus arrived in 1493 had, by 1570, been reduced to

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300

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The most famous map projection in history is

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Galileo's "The Starry Messenger"

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The primary motive for European exploration during the Renaissance was

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economic, the desire for precious metals and new areas for trade.

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Which of the following statements best applies to the economy of the sixteenth-and-seventeenth-century Europe?

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The joint stock company enabled the raising of spectacular sums of capital for work trading ventures.

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Spanish expansion and exploration of the New World was best characterized by

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the conquest of the Aztec Empire by Cortés

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The religious geography of Europe by the end of the 17th century could be described as a

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Protestant north and Catholic south

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The Spice Islands were opened up for European trade by the

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Dutch East India Company

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Portugal became the early leader in European expansion largely through

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defeating Muslim opposition in establishing trade opportunities with India.

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When he began to envision his voyage across the Atlantic, Colombia had a copy of

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Marco Polo's "Travels"

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A multiracial society appeared first in

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Latin America.

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The European nation which took over the spice trade from Portugal was

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the Dutch Republic

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Between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries, the number of African slaves shipped to the New World is estimated at

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ten million.

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By the end of the seventeenth century,

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local,regional, and intra-European trade was considerably greater than international trade.

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One of the major economic problems of the sixteenth century in Europe was

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inflation.

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The primary change instituted in England by Henri VII's religious reformation was that

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the king became the head of the Church of England

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In reality, the encomienda made the natives of the new world

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slaves of the Spanish

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The British India Company official who fought off the French threat in India was

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Robert Clive

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Prince Henry the Navigator

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sponsored the exploration the west African coast

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The development of a Portuguese maritime empire encompassing Malacca and the Malay penninsula was achieved, in part, through

answer

ruthless attacks on all prior Arab settlers in the region including the murder and mutilation of male and female Islamic prisoners.

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