A&P Chapter 6 Questions – Flashcards
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Which of the following is not part of the skin? A. Epidermis B. Papillary layer C. Hypodermis D. Stratum basale E. Dermis
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C. Hypodermis
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Which of the following is not found in the epidermis? A. Melanocytes B. Fibroblasts C. Stem cells D. Keratinocytes E. Tactile cells
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B. Fibroblasts
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Skin covering the __________ has sweat glands but no hair follicles or sebaceous glands. A. forearm B. buttocks C. abdomen D. fingertips E. back
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D. fingertips
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Most of the skin is __________ mm thick. A. 0.01 to 0.02 B. 0.1 to 0.2 C. 1 to 2 D. 10 to 20 E. 100 to 200
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C. 1 to 2
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In which of the following skin layers would a subcutaneous injection be administered? A. Stratum basale B. Stratum spinosum C. Stratum corneum D. Dermis E. Hypodermis
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E. Hypodermis
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Which of the skin layers below is the most superficial? A. Basal lamina B. Epidermis C. Papillary layer D. Reticular layer E. Hypodermis
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B. Epidermis
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Which of the following best describes the composition of the dermis? A. Collagen and living keratinocytes B. Collagen and dead keratinocytes C. Collagen and fibroblasts D. Elastic fibers and melanocytes E. Elastic fibers and dendritic cells
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C. Collagen and fibroblasts
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What type of tissue is found in the most superficial layer of skin? A. Simple squamous epithelium B. Stratified squamous epithelium C. Dense irregular connective tissue D. Areolar connective tissue E. Dense regular connective tissue
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B. Stratified squamous epithelium
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Looking at a slide of thin skin under the microscope, you note that the stratum basale is the __________ layer of the epidermis in from the surface. A. second B. third C. first D. fifth E. fourth
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E. fourth
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Which of the following cells is largely responsible for skin color? A. Dendritic cell B. Keratinocyte C. Melanocyte D. Merkel cell E. Dead keratinocyte
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C. Melanocyte
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Which layer of the epidermis consists of up to 30 layers of dead cells? A. Stratum basale B. Stratum spinosum C. Stratum granulosum D. Stratum lucidum E. Stratum corneum
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E. Stratum corneum
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Which of the following are associated with the sense of touch? A. Fibroblasts B. Melanocytes C. Keratinocytes D. Dendritic (Langerhans) cells E. Tactile (Merkel) cells
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E. Tactile (Merkel) cells
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The fastest rate of mitosis happens in the __________. A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum
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A. stratum basale
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Which of the following cells stand guard against toxins, microbes and other pathogens? A. Keratinocytes B. Melanocytes C. Adipocytes D. Dendritic (Langerhans) cells E. Tactile (Merkel) cells
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D. Dendritic (Langerhans) cells
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Fingerprints left on things we touch are associated with our __________. A. dermal papillae B. dermal connective tissue C. stratum basale D. subcutaneous tissue E. subcutaneous adipose
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A. dermal papillae
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Calluses or corns are the result of accelerated multiplication by ___________. A. melanocytes B. keratinocytes C. fibroblasts D. tactile cells E. red blood cells
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B. keratinocytes
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The __________ is absent from most epidermis. A. stratum basale B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum
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D. stratum lucidum
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Leather is made of the __________ layer of the dermis. A. areolar B. keratin C. reticular D. collagen E. papillary
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C. reticular
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The hypodermis is characterized by an abundance of which tissue? A. Statified squamous epithelium B. Smooth muscle C. Nervous tissue D. Adipose tissue E. Dense irregular connective tissue
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D. Adipose tissue
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The skin discoloration most likely to suggest physical abuse is __________. A. pallor B. albinism C. erythema D. hematoma E. jaundice
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D. hematoma
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The reddish color of the skin of the lips is primarily due to the presence of which pigment? A. Hemoglobin B. Myoglobin C. Melanin D. Carotene E. Keratin
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A. Hemoglobin
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Which skin color is most likely to result from anemia? A. Pallor B. Erythema C. Hematoma D. Albinism E. Jaundice
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A. Pallor
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Increased bilirubin levels cause a skin discoloration called __________. A. erythema B. jaundice C. pallor D. bronzing E. cyanosis
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B. jaundice
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Ethnic differences in skin color are primarily caused by differences in ___________. A. UV radiation exposure B. the quantity of hemoglobin carried in the blood C. the quantity of melanin produced D. the number of melanocytes E. the number of keratinocytes
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C. the quantity of melanin produced
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A __________ is an elevated patch of melanized skin. A. hemangioma B. mole C. freckle D. flexion line E. friction ridge
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B. Mole
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A pilus is a __________. A. hair B. hair follicle C. tiny muscle that moves a hair D. sensory nerve fiber around the base of a hair E. gland associated with a hair follicle
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A. hair
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What type of hair is present prenatally and usually replaced by birth? A. Lunule B. Peach fuzz C. Terminal hair D. Vellus E. Lanugo
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E. Lanugo
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Blood vessels in the __________ provide a hair with its sole source of nutrition. A. bulb B. root C. shaft D. dermal papilla E. medulla
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D. dermal papilla
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The base where a hair follicle originates in the skin is known as the __________. A. Hair bulb B. Hair root C. Shaft D. Medulla E. Cuticle
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A. Hair bulb
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The contraction of the piloerector muscles (pilomotor muscle or arrector pili) in humans causes __________. A. hairs to stand on end, trapping an insulating layer of warm air next to the skin B. generation of heat to raise the body temperature C. hairs to stand on end to make the individual appear bigger D. hairs to stand on end with no apparent function E. increased ability to feel pain
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D. hairs to stand on end with no apparent function
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A hair cycle consists of three developmental stages in which order? A. Anagen, telogen, and catagen B. Anagen, catagen, and telogen C. Catagen, anagen, and telogen D. Catagen, telogen, and anagen E. Telogen, anagen, and catagen
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B. Anagen, catagen, and telogen
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Each hair grows in an oblique epithelial tube called a(an) __________. A. hair follicle B. vellum C. pilus D. bulb E. shaft
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A. hair follicle
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Excessive hairiness is called __________. A. telogenism B. anagenism C. catagenism D. alopecia E. hirsutism
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E. hirsutism
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The narrow zone of dead skin overhanging the proximal end of a nail is called the __________. A. eponychium B. lunule C. nail plate D. nail body E. nail root
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A. eponychium
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What is the white opaque "moon" often found at the proximal end of a fingernail called? A. Free edge B. Nail body C. Eponychium D. Lunule E. Nail root
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D. Lunule
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Variations in hair color arise from differing amounts of __________. A. collagen and elastic filaments B. keratin and melanin C. carotene and hemoglobin D. carotene and collagen E. eumelanin and pheomelanin
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E. eumelanin and pheomelanin
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Mitosis in the __________ accounts for growth of the nail. A. nail plate B. nail fold C. eponychium D. hyponychium E. nail matrix
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E. nail matrix
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The oil of your scalp is secreted by __________ glands associated with the hair follicles. A. merocrine sweat B. apocrine sweat C. sebaceous D. ceruminous E. eccrine sweat
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C. sebaceous
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Secretions from __________ glands contribute to the acid mantle that inhibits bacterial growth on the skin. A. mammary B. ceruminous C. sebaceous D. apocrine sweat E. merocrine sweat
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E. merocrine sweat
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__________ is/are formed partly from the secretions of glands in the external ear canal. A. Sebum B. Cerumen C. Sweat D. Scents E. Mucus
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B. Cerumen
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Looking at a slide of axillary skin under the microscope, you notice the presence of __________ glands that are absent on slides of the scalp. A. merocrine B. apocrine C. sebaceous D. ceruminous E. perspiration
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B. apocrine
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Which cutaneous glands are concerned with cooling the body? A. Ceruminous glands B. Sebaceous glands C. Merocrine glands D. Apocrine glands E. Exothermic glands
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C. Merocrine glands
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The __________ glands are a source of sex pheromones. A. ceruminous B. merocrine C. mammary D. sebaceous E. apocrine
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E. apocrine
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Mammary glands are modified __________ glands that develop within the female breasts. A. merocrine B. apocrine C. ceruminous D. sebaceous E. eccrine
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B. apocrine
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Which two strata of the epidermis are most susceptible to cancer? A. Stratum corneum and stratum lucidum B. Stratum basale and stratum corneum C. Stratum spinosum and stratum basale D. Stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum E. Stratum lucidum and stratum granulosum
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C. Stratum spinosum and stratum basale
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The "ABCD rule" for recognizing early signs of malignant melanoma refers to the following characteristics of the lesion: A. asymmetry, border irregularity, color, and diameter B. asymmetry, brightness, color, and diameter C. aspect, brightness, color, and distance D. aspect, border irregularity, color, and distance E. area, border irregularity, color, and density
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A. asymmetry, border irregularity, color, and diameter
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The least common, but most deadly, type of skin cancer is __________. A. basal cell carcinoma B. squamous cell carcinoma C. melanoma D. skin lymphoma E. skin sarcoma
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C. melanoma
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Basal cell carcinoma initially affects cells of the stratum __________. A. spinosum B. germinativum C. corneum D. basale E. lucidum
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D. basale
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__________ burns involve the epidermis, all of the dermis, and often some deeper tissue. A. First-degree B. Second-degree C. Third-degree D. Partial-thickness E. Malignant
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C. Third-degree
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The most immediate threat to the life of a patient with severe burns is __________. A. fluid loss B. eschar C. heat loss D. pain E. infection
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A. fluid loss
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The skin is a barrier to all of the following except __________. A. metals such as mercury B. infectious organisms C. water D. UV rays
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A. metals such as mercury
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In whom are mammary glands found? A. In lactating females B. In lactating and non-lactating females C. In non-lactating females D. In non-lactating females and males
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A. In lactating females
