question

What is communitas? A. Social inequality that is accepted even by those who are less privileged B. A feeling of great social solidarity, equality, and togetherness C. Anxiety about the meaning of life D. The Latin word for mana E. The supernatural

answer

B

question

The largest religion in the world, in terms of number of practitioners, is A. Buddhism. B. Islam. C. Judaism. D. Hinduism. E. Christianity.

answer

E

question

Which type of a situation is most likely to result in a matrilineal-matrilocal society? A. Population pressure is high. B. A shift to food production has recently taken place. C. Men's hunting activities are more important than women's gathering. D. Polygyny is common. E. Warfare is infrequent.

answer

E

question

Which of the following is not culturally constructed? A. Race B. Gender C. Kinship D. Sex E. Sexual norms

answer

D

question

What is the domestic-public dichotomy? A. Strong differentiation between spheres of exchange B. Strong differentiation between the secular and the sacred C. Strong differentiation between elite and commoners D. Strong differentiation between the home and the outside world E. Strong differentiation between local and international trade

answer

D

question

Which of the following statements concerning gender stratification is true? A. Gender equality is common among agriculturalists. B. There are many societies in which women control all the strategic resources and engage in the most prestigious activities. C. Gender stratification is generally reduced when the domestic and public spheres are not sharply separated. D. The more women contribute to the domestic sphere, the more publicly recognized power they achieve. E. The less women contribute to the public sphere, the more publicly recognized power they achieve.

answer

C

question

Which of the following statements about ethnicity is not true? A. Ethnicity is based on actual, perceived, and assumed cultural similarities among members of the same ethnic group. B. People may change the amount of importance they place on ethnicity due to political or individual life changes. C. Ethnic distinctions can be based on language and geography. D. Unlike race, ethnicity derives from biological differences among human groups. E. Ethnic distinctions can be based on religion, kinship, history, and "race."

answer

D

question

In Codes of Gender, Sut jhally presents Erving Goffman's research on gender displays in the media. According to this, gender is primarily understood through ... A. a set of practiced performances of socially constructed rules for behavior. B. biological influences on the social role undertaken by men and women. C. male demand for a patriarchal relationship with women. D. All of the above E. None of the above

answer

A

question

The use of voodoo dolls is an example of A. imitative magic. B. contagious magic. C. taboo. D. animism. E. superstition.

answer

A

question

From the below choices, select the best answer to complete the statement. Based on the arguments presented in Codes of Gender, Sut Jhally demonstrates that the media's use of gender reaffirms in the cultural perception that A. masculinity is defined and enacted in opposition to femininity. B. masculinity can have flexible meanings as long as femininity is also display in flexible terms. C. masculinity is defined by a set of innate phenotypical traits of maleness D. the meaning of masculinity has been even more flexible then femininity in the modern era as men have to adapt to more domestic demands.

answer

A

question

What is the term for policies and practices that harm a group and its members? A. Colonialism B. Racism C. Prejudice D. Ethnocentrism E. Discrimination

answer

E

question

In general, societies with the patrilineal-patrilocal complex are characterized by all of the following except ... A. scarce resources. B. inheritance of land and prestige through female lines. C. a strongly developed public-domestic dichotomy. D. male control of prestige goods. E. increased intervillage warfare.

answer

B

question

Which of the following statements about applied anthropology is not true? A. One of the most valuable tools in applying anthropology is the ethnographic method. B. Many applied anthropologists have worked with development agencies such as the World Bank and USAID. C. The application of anthropology to social problems has been a central concern in the discipline since its origin. D. Applied anthropology is a recently developed subfield within anthropology and reflects an entirely new concern with the application of anthropology to social problems. E. Forensic anthropologists work with the police, medical examiners, and courts to identify victims of crimes.

answer

D

question

What term refers to changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact? A. Acculturation B. Hegemony C. Enculturation D. Diaspora E. Colonialism

answer

A

question

What is the name of the family in which a child is raised? A. Family of procreation B. Family of orientation C. Family of nucleation D. Levirate family E. Sororate family

answer

B

question

In general, the status of women ... A. rises as dependence on food production intensifies. B. is higher in societies in which males do most of the work in food production. C. is higher among food producers than it is among foragers. D. is higher in matrilineal societies than it is in patrilineal societies. E. is higher in Yanomami society than it is among the Betsileo of Madagascar.

answer

D

question

In the House We Live In, we see how the federal government helped to form and maintain American race ideologies. Which of the following are actions taken by the U.S. government to create a racial biased system? A. The Supreme Court limited the interpretation of who could be considered "white" by law to those who politically and socially fit into the culture of White Anglo Saxon Protestants (WASPs). B. From 1790 until the 1950s. only free white could become naturalized citizens of the US. This expanded to include Blacks after the passing of the 14th Amendment, giving citizenship to former slaves. C. The FHA (Federal Housing Authority) informed realtors and insurance companies that allowing non-whites in community would devalue real estate. D. All of the above are actions taken by the United States.

answer

D

question

What is the term for ethnic groups that once had, or wish to have or regain, autonomous political status? A. Silent majorities B. Captive nations C. Colonies D. Nationalities E. Plural societies

answer

D

question

Which of the following statements about polyandry is true? A. It is found only among mining communities in Madagascar. B. It is a cultural adaptation to the high labor demands of rice cultivation. C. It is a cultural adaptation to mobility associated with male travel for trade, commerce, and warfare. D. Polyandry almost always takes the form of a sororate. E. Polyandry fails to meet Leach's criteria for marriage.

answer

C

question

The binary construction of gender A. downplays the things males and females have in common. B. downplays the ways males are different from each other. C. downplays the ways female are different from each other. D. All of the above E. None of the above

answer

D

question

People may occupy many different social statuses during their lives, or even during the course of a day. What term refers to a person's ability to emphasize different identities in different social contexts? A. Ethnic identity B. Racial substitution C. Situational negotiation of identity D. Discourse analysis E. Rotating core personality traits

answer

C

question

What term refers to the manipulation of the supernatural to accomplish specific goals? A. Animism B. Magic C. Religion D. A rite of passage E. Pantheism

answer

B

question

What is the dominant intervention philosophy today? A. Neoclassicism B. Neoimperialism C. Neosocialism D. Neocommunism E. Neoliberalism

answer

E

question

Biological differences between males and females, other than contrasts in breasts and genitals, is known as ... A. sex. B. sexual dimorphism. C. gender. D. gender dimorphism. E. sexual bifurcation.

answer

B

question

Polytheism refers to A. belief in a single, all-powerful god. B. the second stage of a revitalization movement. C. the third phase of a rite of passage. D. belief in a force that animates all living things. E. belief in multiple gods.

answer

E

question

The gift that a wife's group gives to her husband's family is known as A. polygyny. B. lobola. C. dowry. D. progeny price. E. brideservice.

answer

C

question

Which of the following is true and was a factor that left a considerably large portion of black Americans in the dilapidated urban centers? A. The redlining process used by mortgage brokers and insurers left urban blacks in neighborhoods barred from new mortgage and home improvement loans. B. Few FHA loans, which are designed to aid first-time home owners at the lower end of the income scale buy houses, went to non-whites. (Between 1934 and 1962, only 2% went to non-whites.) C. Realtors and housing contractors were permitted not to sell to people based race. D. All of the above are true and contributed to the social construction of the growing black urban spaces.

answer

D

question

For Muslim women, which of the following does not represent why they choose to wear the hijab, burqa and/or veil? A. The clothing represents an act of self respect and demonstrates overall social respectability as women not defined through the sexual attention from men. B. The clothing represents the desire to show modesty and piety. C. The clothing represents the symbolic marriage to Allah. D. The clothing represents a bodily means to cultivate virtue and is a public expression of their desires to be close to God.

answer

C

question

Which is not generally true of core nations? A. They represent the dominant structural position in the world system. B. They consist of the strongest and most powerful states. C. They have advanced systems of production. D. They have complex economies. E. They have less control over world finance than do semiperiphery nations.

answer

E

question

What is the term for identification with, and feeling part of, a cultural group, and exclusion from other cultural groups? A. Culture shock B. Ethnicity C. Cultural relativism D. Assimilation E. Ethnocentrism

answer

B

question

Discrimination that is not legally sanctioned is known as A. ethnic discrimination. B. prejudicial discrimination. C. de jure discrimination. D. de facto discrimination. E. situational discrimination.

answer

D

question

Modern colonialism began A. following World War II. B. with the fall of Rome. C. during the European "Age of Discovery". D. as a result of the Bolshevik Revolution. E. at the end of the Seven Years' War.

answer

C

question

The worldwide increase in female-headed households stems from all of the following except ... A. decreasing divorce rates. B. male migration. C. unwed adolescent parenthood. D. civil strife. E. the idea that child care is a woman's responsibility.

answer

A

question

The oppression argument that Westerners use regarding Muslim women wearing veils has been a form of ethnocentrism , because ... A. it assumes a Christian perspective on why women veil and attempts to equate Christianity with freedom. B. it is built on "colonial feminism," which superficially used the veil issue to sway Muslim women in the political/military efforts, but offer women no substantive advances such as getting education for women. C. it ignores the same kind sect and ideological diversity, which exists in Christianity and continues to view all of Islam, especially its male practitioners, as the same as the Taliban. D. All of the above

answer

D

question

Which two answers best demonstrate why Free Trade Zones represent a classic example a neoliberal development program? A. in implementing these zones, governments of periphery nations must relinquish their legal control, including workplace protections for the citizens. B. in implementing these zones, governments of periphery nations eliminate tariffs on imports, which help promote trade in the global market, but lose the protection for their local businesses. C. in implementing these zones, governments of periphery nations provide areas that promote a competitive marketplaces were local businesses are now able to take advantage of the cheap labor like multinational corporations. D. in implementing these zones, governments of periphery nations are able to bolster their labor forces with trained skilled labor from around the world and attract multinational corporations. E. There are not just two correct answers. All demonstrate neoliberal aspects found in Free Trade Zones.

answer

A,B

question

What kind of magic is based on the belief that whatever is done to an object will affect a person who once had contact with it? A. Contagious magic B. Imitative magic C. Serial magic D. Sequential magic E. Simultaneous magic

answer

A

question

What frequently occurs during the liminal phase of a rite of passage? A. Reversals of ordinary behavior B. Intensification of social hierarchy C. Formation of an implicit ranking system D. Use of secular language E. No change in social norms

answer

A

question

Which of the following statements about world-system theory is not true? A. It has been written about by Wallerstein. B. It stresses the existence of a global culture. C. It claims that a set of economic and political interconnections has characterized much of the globe since the 16th century. D. It focuses on links and power differentials between local peoples and international forces. E. It deals exclusively with non-Western, horticultural societies.

answer

E

question

What term refers to wealth or resources invested in business with the intent of producing a profit? A. Stock B. Proletariat C. Caste D. Bourgeoisie E. Capital

answer

E

question

According to Weber, what are the three dimensions of social stratification? A. Means of production, mode of production, measure of production B. Status, exchange, religion C. Gender, ethnicity, race D. Wealth, power, prestige E. Age, gender, ethnicity

answer

D

question

A political system ruled by men in which women have inferior status is known as a(an) ... A. matriarchy. B. patriarchy. C. patrilocality. D. patrilineality. E. anarchy.

answer

B

question

Which of the following is one of the main differences between descent groups and nuclear families? A. Descent groups are typically not involved with politics, whereas nuclear families are. B. Nuclear families are always exogamous, whereas descent groups are always endogamous. C. Descent groups are permanent, whereas nuclear families are not. D. Members of descent groups are called affines, whereas members of nuclear families are called consanguines. E. Nuclear families are found only in industrial societies, whereas descent groups are found only in foraging societies.

answer

C

question

What term is used to refer to a nonhuman apical ancestor of a clan? A. Tarawad B. Sororate C. Levirate D. Totem E. Pater

answer

D

question

What is a disease? A. A health problem as it is experienced by the affected individual B. An artificial product of biomedicine C. A consequence of foraging D. An unnatural state of health E. A scientifically identified health threat

answer

E

question

What is an illness? A. A nonexistent ailment (only "diseases" are real) B. An artificial product of biomedicine C. A scientifically identified health threat D. A purely linguistic problem E. A health problem as it is experienced by the affected individual

answer

E

question

In recent years, which of the following is a Jamaican industry that has not been affected negatively by internal U.S. policies? A. Banana Industry - It is a tropical island. Bananas literally grow on trees there. B. Dairy Industry - Jamaican cows are plentiful and produce more than enough milk for the Island's population C. Meat Industry - With the influx of multinational corporations such of McDonald's, the cattle industry received a boost. D. We are globalized every industry is affected by global trade; however, each of these has been negligibly affected. E. Each has been affected to different degrees, but all struggle to exist in light of competition with heavily subsidized or otherwise, governmentally supported American corporations.

answer

E

question

What term refers to sexual relations with someone considered to be a close relative? A. Levirate B. Sororate C. Polyandry D. Incest E. Exogamy

answer

D

question

Which of the following would not be an example of the ideas and justification of colonialism reflected in Britain's notion of "the white man's burden"? A. Justification of 19th-century British foreign policy B. Belief that the colonized people in the British Empire were, given some freedom, capable of governing themselves C. The need for British guidance in civilizing and Christianizing colonized peoples D. Paternalism E. Racism

answer

B

question

What is a commonly stated goal of recent development projects? A. To increase socioeconomic stratification B. To promote ethnocide C. To facilitate cultural assimilation D. To decrease local autonomy E. To increase equity

answer

E

question

Which of the following is a major difference between Brazilian and American racial classifications? A. Brazilians do not recognize racial differences. B. American categories are purer than Brazilian ones. C. Brazilian racial categories are based on genotype, whereas American categories are based on phenotype. D. In the United States, social race is determined at birth and does not change, but in Brazil, racial identity can change from day to day. E. There are no major differences between Brazilian and American racial classifications.

answer

D

question

Neoliberalism entails all of the following except A. the view that government should not regulate private enterprise and market forces. B. striving to cut government expenses. C. the belief that property should be communally owned and that people should work for the common good. D. maximization of profits through cost reduction. E. tariff- and barrier-free international trade and investment.

answer

C

question

What term refers to the tasks and activities that a culture assigns to the sexes? A. Sex roles B. Sex stereotypes C. Gender stereotypes D. Gender roles E. Gender duties

answer

D

question

In what sense are nationalities "imagined communities"? A. Modern nationalities are imagined because all were created by colonial governments. B. Despite their shared feeling of comradeship, most members of a nationality will never meet; they only imagine that they participate in the group. C. Nationalities do not exist in real terms; they are merely fictional constructs of the ruling intelligentsia. D. Nationalities are comprised of many different ethnic groups and subcultures, and therefore may disintegrate at any moment. E. The members of a nationality constantly compare their society to an idealized, quasi-historical past.

answer

B

question

In explaining the failure of the periphery to achieve economic stability, which of the following is a fact they tends to be ignored within neoliberal arguments? A. these indigenous populations rarely own the local means of production so they largely complete in the global market as cheap labor B. wealthy nations can and do protect their share of the global market through tariffs and subsidizing their businesses, but insist that a free open global market cannot support such national policy, and thus force periphery nations not to use tariffs or to subsidize their local businesses. C. The ways in which the Core - through the IMF, WTO and the World Bank - limits the usage loan monies often prevent periphery nations from establishing sustaining industries and improving the skills of the local labor forces through better education. D. Al of the above are issues ignored by supporters of neoliberalism.

answer

D

question

Which of the following is an example of a neoliberal development program? A. Free Trade Zone B. Transnationalism C. Deindustrialization D. Neocolonialism E. All of the Above

answer

A

question

Applied anthropology's systemic perspective recognizes that A. diseases affect many different systems of the human body. B. changes don't occur in a vacuum, and a program or project has multiple effects. C. the world-system theory of Wallerstein provides the best basis for applied work. D. it is necessary for applied work to focus entirely on educational systems. E. the most effective viewpoint for applied work is always that of a state administrator.

answer

B

question

More than half of American households with incomes below the poverty line A. are patrifocal. B. are extended. C. are headed by men. D. are headed by women. E. are headed by grandparents.

answer

D

question

What is the most stable social group among band societies with a seasonal pattern of population dispersal? A. The lineage B. The band C. The nuclear family D. The clan E. The expanded family household

answer

C

question

Which of the following statements about religions is not true? A. Specific religious beliefs and practices vary cross-culturally. B. Religion can be an instrument of societal change, even revolution. C. Religion serves only to maintain social solidarity; it does not create or maintain social divisions. D. Religion is a cultural universal. E. State religions are presided over by full-time specialists.

answer

C

question

All development projects should aim to accomplish all of the following except A. to promote change, but not overinnovation. B. to preserve local systems, while working to make them better. C. to respect local traditions. D. to base models of development on indigenous practices and social forms. E. to develop strategies with little input from local communities.

answer

E

question

Rites of passage usually consist of what phases? A. Uncertainty, anxiety, and solace B. Ritual, purification, and absolution C. Separation, liminality, and incorporation D. Aggregation, celebration, and liturgical orders E. Confusion, ecstasy, and nirvana

answer

C

question

Witchcraft accusations are often aimed at A. powerful politicians. B. individuals who are widely respected in a community. C. socially marginal people. D. upstanding citizens. E. prominent religious leaders.

answer

C

question

In what way is exogamy adaptive? A. It increases the number of individuals that one can rely on in times of need. B. It increases the likelihood that disadvantageous alleles will find phenotypic expression and thus be eliminated from the population. C. It impedes peaceful relations among social groups and therefore promotes population expansion. D. It was an important causal factor in the origin of the state. E. It reduces the gene pool of a community.

answer

A

question

What is polygyny? A. A situation in which a woman has more than one husband at the same time B. The custom whereby a wife marries the brother of her dead husband C. The type of marriage that follows divorce D. The custom whereby a widower marries the sister of his dead wife E. A situation in which a man has more than one wife at the same time

answer

E

question

What form of rule did France use in colonies with long histories of state organization? A. Indirect rule B. French-appointed leaders moved to the colony to rule C. Direct rule D. Corrupt rule E. Capitalist rule

answer

A

question

What is the natural phenomenon that keeps the Earth's surface warm? A. Atmosphere B. Global warming C. Ocean currents D. Hothouse effect E. Greenhouse effect

answer

E

question

The term indigenous peoples is used to refer to A. people who live in autonomous, independent nation-states. B. peasants who are of the same ethnicity as the ruling elite. C. the original inhabitants of particular territories. D. any population living in a nation-state on the periphery of the world system. E. people who have immigrated to a new country.

answer

C

question

Today, rather than attempting to classify humans into racial categories, biologists and anthropologists are A. denying the existence of any biological variation among humankind. B. attempting to create new categories based only on blood type. C. confident that earlier racial classifications are still valid. D. trying to verify anthropometric data from the turn of the century. E. seeking to explain why specific biological variations occur.

answer

E

question

Within the American two-sex, two gender system, the hijras of India like the berdaches in the Native American traditions would be considered ... A. Asexual: indifferent toward either sex B. Bisexual: habitually attracted to both sexes C. Transgendered: persons who gender performances and identity defy the binary construction. D. All of the above E. None of the Above

answer

C

question

What rule automatically places the children of a union between members of different groups in the minority group? A. Hypervitaminosis B. Polygyny C. Polyandry D. Hypodescent E. Hypogamy

answer

D

question

Which of the following statements about the incest taboo is true? A. Incest is tabooed only in societies that practice patrilocal residence. B. The incest taboo is a feature of a capitalist economy. C. The incest taboo does not eliminate incest. D. Anthropologists, like Gezon and Kottak, predominantly believe that the incest taboo has a genetic basis. E. Incest was not documented in classic ethnographies and has only recently been the focus of research in anthropology.

answer

C

question

"Race" is A. based on biology, whereas ethnicity is based on culture. B. only important in the United States. C. an achieved status. D. a scientifically defined characteristic. E. culturally constructed.

answer

E

question

Which is not part of the Blockbusting process? A. real estate brokers selling to non-white at over inflated prices. B. real estate brokers encouraging whites to sell quickly and cheaply in fear of the effect incoming non-whites will have on poverty values. C. mortgage brokers using FHA guidelines would loan monies for mortgages in areas viewed stable, upwardly mobile and largely white. D. All are part of this process since realtors and mortgage brokers worked together.

answer

C

question

What term refers to the view that cultural diversity in a country is something good and desirable? A. Assimilation B. Acculturation C. Enculturation D. Colonialism E. Multiculturalism

answer

E

question

Which of the following does not describe indigenous identities? A. They emerge through a specific process. B. They are fixed. C. They are ways of being someone or something in particular times and places. D. They are potentially plural. E. They can be fluid or competing.

answer

B

question

Which of the following is not true of postmodernism? A. It originally described a style and movement in architecture. B. It rejects rules, geometric order, and austerity. C. It has a clear and functional design or structure. D. It draws on a diversity of styles from different times and places. E. It extends "value" well beyond classic, elite, and Western cultural forms.

answer

C

question

When a dominant group compels a minority group to adopt the dominant culture, this is known as A. attitudinal discrimination. B. genocide. C. forced assimilation. D. ethnocentrism. E. environmental racism.

answer

C

question

Which of the following statements about the domestic-public dichotomy is true? A. It tends to be more pronounced among food producers than among foragers. B. It tends to be more pronounced among foragers than among food producers. C. It is not significant in urban industrial societies. D. It is reinforced in American society by women working both inside and outside the home. E. It is not present in the industrial states of the Western world.

answer

A

question

The deliberate physical extinction of a group is known as A. ethnocide. B. genocide. C. indigenocide. D. cultural imperialism. E. acculturation.

answer

B

question

Gezon and Kottak argue that the relatively high incidence of expanded family households among poorer North Americans is A. the result of a patrilocal residence pattern. B. an adaptation to poverty. C. maladaptive, since smaller families would have fewer expenses. D. the result of bifurcate merging, a practice brought to the United States by Scotch-Irish immigrants during the early part of the 20th century. E. the reason welfare in the United States is ineffective.

answer

B

ANTH101 Final – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards