question

In balanced-placebo experiments with drinkers who meet the criteria of alcohol dependence, if they are given a beverage that they are led to believe has no alcohol, but that actually does have a small amount of alcohol in it, they

answer

do not report intoxication and do not increase their drinking.

question

Although the exact mechanisms for alcohol's action in the brain are not completely understood, it is now believed that the most important of its many effects is

answer

enhancing GABA's inhibitory effects.

question

Among women classified as problem drinkers, the rate of FAS is about

answer

23 to 29 per 1,000 births

question

Total per-capita consumption of alcohol

answer

has declined considerably from its peak in 1981.

question

Scientific evidence supports both parts of Shakespeare's 400-year-old statement concerning alcohol and sex: \"It provokes the desire, but it takes away the performance.\"

answer

TRUE

question

Many large commercial distilleries produce grain neutral spirits, which are

answer

95 percent pure alcohol, the basis for gin and vodka.

question

Through a one-step process in the stomach, alcohol is converted directly to acetic acid (a non-toxic chemical).

answer

FALSE

question

Age 21 became the legal drinking age in all U.S. states in what year?

answer

1988.

question

Alcoholic beverages form when yeasts act upon sugars in the process of

answer

fermentation.

question

Heart attacks are

answer

less likely for moderated drinkers compares to those who abstain

question

Which of these states has the highest per-capita sales of alcohol?

answer

New Hampshire

question

One major factor determining individual differences in BAC after drinking alcohol is

answer

proportion of body fat.

question

About what percentage of college students reports drinking alcohol at least once within the past month?

answer

60 percent

question

Heating a solution of alcohol and water, then collecting the alcohol vapors and condensing them into a liquid with a higher alcohol content, is called

answer

distillation.

question

In a typical person, intoxication to the point of staggering and greatly impaired sensory perception occurs at about what BAC?

answer

0.25 percent

question

Hangover-prevention products sold on TV and over the Internet are actually pretty effective if they contain activated charcoal.

answer

FALSE

question

The minimum BAC to be considered driving under the influence in most states is 0.15 percent.

answer

FALSE

question

Benjamin Rush, a physician who also signed the Declaration of Independence, was the first to

answer

refer to alcohol addiction as a disease

question

All hangovers are most likely caused by the presence of congeners in the alcoholic beverage.

answer

False

question

Which of the following are signs of alcohol poisoning?

answer

all of the above.

question

National prohibition of alcohol sales in the U.S. from 1920-1933 reduced alcohol-related hospitalizations and deaths, and apparently reduced overall per capita consumption of alcohol.

answer

TRUE

question

Growth retardation, small head circumference, small eyes, flattened bridge of the nose, and mental retardation are signs of

answer

fetal alcohol syndrome

question

Tremors, hallucinations, delusions, and seizures are all symptoms associated with

answer

alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

question

Fairly high doses of alcohol interfere with erection of the penis in males, probably because of

answer

impaired processing of erotic signals.

question

If one member of a pair of identical twins is dependent on alcohol, the other twin

answer

has about a 50 percent chance of also being dependent on alcohol.

question

In most commercial beers sold in the U.S., the alcohol content is about

answer

4 percent.

question

In addition to alcohol-related accidental deaths, there are over 40,000 deaths each year in the U.S. from alcohol poisoning.

answer

FALSE

question

\"Wailing of cats\", \"out of tune\", \"workmen in my head\" all refer to

answer

alcohol-related hangover.

question

In the U.S., national prohibition of alcohol sales was in effect from

answer

1920 to 1933

question

Alcohol metabolism is a two-step process. In the first step, alcohol dehydrogenase converts alcohol into acetaldehyde.

answer

TRUE

question

The alcoholic content of beverages is indicated by the term \"proof,\" which is

answer

twice the percentage of alcohol

question

Which of these substances speeds up the absorption of alcohol?

answer

carbonated liquids

question

Breath samples to determine BAC

answer

provide an accurate indicator of BAC across a wide range.

question

Alcohol is involved in about one-third of all suicides.

answer

TRUE

question

Research studies in which half the participants are told they are drinking alcohol and half are not, with half of each group actually receiving alcohol and half not, are using the ___________ design.

answer

balanced placebo

question

At a BAC of 0.08, the relative risk of being involved in a fatal automobile crash is about

answer

three times as great as for a sober driver.

question

Before 1988, several states had minimum drinking ages lower than 21.

answer

TRUE

question

Although national prohibition of alcohol did reduce alcohol-related deaths and hospitalizations, it was repealed partly because of the growth of organized crime and partly because

answer

of a desire to reduce the income tax.

question

The total number of alcohol-related traffic fatalities per year in the U.S

answer

has declined from the peak year of 1980.

question

The risk of fetal alcohol syndrome is much greater among women who are classified as problem drinkers, but still occurs in fewer than 10 percent of births in the problem-drinking group.

answer

TRUE

question

When alcohol is formed, other related substances are also formed, called

answer

congeners.

question

Americans drink most of their alcohol in the form of

answer

beer.

question

Despite changes in alcohol-related laws and rules, rates of binge drinking and driving after drinking among college students have substantially increased in recent years.

answer

FALSE

question

In studies relating homicide to alcohol use,

answer

about half of all murderers and about half of all homicide victims had been drinking

question

One recent fad in tobacco use has been

answer

hookahs (water pipes).

question

The major commercial species of tobacco is Nicotiana tobacum

answer

TRUE

question

Although lung cancer is not common, about _______ percent of all lung cancers occur in smokers.

answer

80

question

As a potent poison, nicotine causes death by

answer

paralysis of respiration muscles.

question

Reynolds was unable to market Premier, a plastic cigarette containing catalytic crystals coated with tobacco extract, because

answer

the FDA considered them a \"nicotine delivery device\" rather than an agricultural product.

question

One big factor associated with lower rates of cigarette smoking among adults is

answer

higher level of education.

question

Nicotine acts in the brain by

answer

first stimulating and then blocking cholinergic receptors

question

During the 18th century, which method of use of tobacco increased in England?

answer

snuff

question

In 2006, the FDA approved a nicotine partial agonist drug as a smoking treatment. The drug is

answer

varenicline (Chantix).

question

In 1993, the Environmental Protection Agency declared that

answer

secondhand smoke is a known carcinogen that increases lung cancer risk.

question

Over 90 percent of all U.S. cigarettes sold are now

answer

filter cigarettes.

question

Per capita sales of cigarettes in the U.S. started to decrease in 1990

answer

FALSE

question

Chewing was the most popular form of tobacco use until about 1900, but by 1920 the most popular form was

answer

cigars.

question

Although there are concerns about smoking during pregnancy, the research studies have not consistently demonstrated any specific risks

answer

FALSE

question

Recent research on the dependence produced by nicotine has focused on genetic differences related to:

answer

acetylcholine receptors.

question

Nicotine acts in the brain to first stimulate and then block several nicotinic subtypes of cholinergic receptor.

answer

TRUE

question

A cigar contains enough nicotine for two lethal doses, if the nicotine were injected.

answer

TRUE

question

Per capita sales of cigarettes in the U.S. began to decline

answer

after the 1964 Surgeon General's report.

question

After a 1998 tobacco settlement, many anti-smoking ads were paid for by the very companies that promote smoking.

answer

True

question

The psychological effect of cigarette smoking is

answer

a combination of A and B. (arousal and activation-a mild stimulant effect.) and (calm and relaxation-a mild antianxiety effect.)

question

In 2000, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the FDA

answer

had no authority to regulate tobacco products.

question

People who switch to low tar and nicotine brand cigarettes

answer

typically take more and deeper puffs and probably get no safety benefit.

question

New battery-powered electronic cigarettes (i.e., tobacco-less nicotine delivery systems) are quickly becoming one the largest U.S. exports.

answer

FALSE

question

The biggest health concern for users of smokeless tobacco has been

answer

cancer of the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus

question

In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act

answer

authorized the FDA to regulate tobacco products in specific ways.

question

There is no evidence indicating that cigarette smoking has skin-aging effects.

answer

FALSE

question

The most popular form of tobacco use in America before 1900 was cigar smoking.

answer

FALSE

question

About 90 percent of the more than 40 million former smokers in the U.S. report that

answer

they quit smoking without a treatment program.

question

Gum, patches, lozenges, and inhalers are all various forms of

answer

nicotine replacement therapy.

question

The major commercial species of Nicotiana that is grown for tobacco products is

answer

Nicotiana tobacum.

question

The FDA has regulated nicotine content of cigarettes since 1964.

answer

FALSE

question

Ambien (zolpidem) has recently been approved by the FDA for use in smoking cessation.

answer

FALSE

question

Tobacco use became popular in European culture because:

answer

it was associated with wealth and status.

question

Annual \"smoking attributable mortality\" in the U.S. is estimated at

answer

440,000.

question

According to a 2010 report, 70% of R-rated movies (and 30% of G, PG, and PG-13 movies) in the U.S. contained some tobacco use. Compared to 2005, this represents a decrease in depictions of tobacco use.

answer

TRUE

question

In July 2011, the nicotine vaccine NicVax was

answer

found to be no better than placebo.

question

One of the most consistent and best-documented effects of cigarette smoking during pregnancy is

answer

low birth weight.

question

Although there are concerns about smoking during pregnancy, the research studies have not consistently demonstrated any specific risks.

answer

FALSE

question

The major commercial species of tobacco is Nicotiana tobacum.

answer

TRUE

question

Per capita sales of cigarettes in the U.S. started to decrease in 1990.

answer

FALSE

question

New battery-powered electronic cigarettes (i.e., tobacco-less nicotine delivery systems) are quickly becoming one the largest U.S. exports

answer

FALSE

question

Many of the capsules, pills, and powders that look like drugs and that consumers think of as drugs are actually classified by the FDA as

answer

food products.

question

If you buy a bottle of St. John's wort 300 mg tablets, each tablet will contain 300 mg

answer

total tablet weight, with an unknown amount of plant material or ingredients.

question

The only active ingredient the FDA allows in OTC stimulants is

answer

The only active ingredient the FDA allows in OTC stimulants is

question

Cold viruses are usually transmitted

answer

by being picked up on the hands and touching your eyes or nose

question

The FDA was given additional authority over dietary supplements in 2006 to set up

answer

an \"Adverse Events Reporting\" process.

question

Aspirin was initially a brand name for Bayer's acetylsalicylic acid.

answer

TRUE

question

The main proposed use for St. John's wort has been for treating depression.

answer

TRUE

question

There has been some reported abuse by young people of products containing _________, which they take in high doses to produce visual and auditory hallucinations.

answer

dextromethorphan

question

What dietary supplement ingredient has been tested for its ability to improve memory in Alzheimer's disease, but has produced only small and unreliable improvements in published research?

answer

Ginkgo biloba

question

Dextromethorphan is an antihistamine used to dry up a runny nose.

answer

FALSE

question

OTC drugs approved as sleep aids, like Nytol and Sominex,

answer

contain an antihistamine such as diphenhydramine.

question

Starting in 2007, the only FDA-approved OTC weight-control ingredient is

answer

orlistat (alli)

question

OTC stimulants typically include pseudoephedrine.

answer

FALSE

question

Suppose you had a fever, a headache, and a swollen knee. Which medication would be most appropriate to treat all three symptoms?

answer

ibuprofen

question

The 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act increased the FDA's control over dietary supplements.

answer

FALSE

question

Suppose you have a cold and you choose to take Tylenol Cold to treat your symptoms (runny nose, congested nasal passages, and fever). Which of these ingredients in this OTC product is unnecessary?

answer

dextromethorphan

question

SAMe (S-adenosyl-L-methionine) is a dietary supplement that has some research support for its possible use in treating

answer

depression

question

The heartburn drug Prevacid was recently moved from prescription only to OTC.

answer

TRUE

question

Why would you want dextromethorphan in a cold remedy?

answer

It acts as a cough suppressant.

question

The generic ingredient in Advil is acetylsalicylic acid.

answer

FALSE

question

If a bottle of pills on a drug store shelf is being sold as a dietary supplement, the label will refer to \"nutritional information\" and \"serving size.\"

answer

TRUE

question

The FDA panels that review OTC drugs approve ingredients, not the actual products that often contain several ingredients.

answer

TRUE

question

Orlistat, found in the OTC weight control product alli, interferes with the absorption of fats from the intestine.

answer

TRUE

question

The evidence indicates that many dietary supplements enhance male sexual performance.

answer

FALSE

question

Aspirin should not be used with children who have a viral infection because of increased risk of

answer

Reye's syndrome.

question

The 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act

answer

expanded the definition of dietary supplements and restricted the FDA's regulatory authority over them.

question

The acronym GRAS stands for

answer

generally recognized as safe.

question

The U.S. market for over-the-counter drug products totals about

answer

$18 billion.

question

Acetylsalicylic acid was developed in the Bayer laboratory in Germany in 1898 and sold under the brand name

answer

Aspirin.

question

Besides analgesia (pain relief), another important effect of aspirin is as a(n)

answer

antipyretic (reduces fever).

question

Because of the way the FDA reviews and approves OTC drugs,

answer

various brands of a given type of remedy usually contain the same few active ingredients

question

The 2006 revised PATRIOT Act required that products containing __________ be kept \"behind the counter,\" and buyers must show identification and sign for their purchase.

answer

pseudoephedrine

question

NSAID stands for

answer

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

question

The generic name for Tylenol and Datril is

answer

acetaminophen.

question

The textbook suggests that consumers are best able to choose from among the wide variety of OTC products by

answer

knowing a fairly small number of ingredient names.

question

According to the 2012 Monitoring the Future survey, more 12th graders reported using OTC cough medicines containing dextromethorphan compared to cocaine or methamphetamine.

answer

TRUE

question

The heartburn drug Prevacid was recently moved from prescription only to OTC

answer

TRUE

question

One of the major issues facing physicians today is that patients are not taking enough prescription opioids to manage their pain.

answer

FALSE

question

The Opium War of 1839-1842 resulted, among other things, in

answer

the island of Hong Kong becoming a British possession

question

Which of these opioids is about 100 times as potent as morphine?

answer

fentanyl

question

Naloxone, nalorphine, and naltrexone are examples of

answer

opioid antagonists

question

The two major active chemicals in opium are

answer

morphine and codeine.

question

The earliest recorded use of opium as a medicine was probably by

answer

Egyptians, around 1500 BC

question

Siegel and his colleagues have shown in animal studies that tolerance to opioids

answer

is partly due to conditioned responses.

question

Papaver somniferum is the scientific name for

answer

the opium poppy.

question

The majority of U.S. soldiers who used heroin in Vietnam did so through the intravenous route because the drug was relatively impure.

answer

FALSE

question

Long-term exposure to opioid drugs

answer

has not been clearly shown to produce damage to any tissue or organ system.

question

Naloxone and nalorphine are endogenous chemicals that have effects similar to morphine.

answer

FALSE

question

At the current time, most of the heroin in the U.S. originates from poppy fields in

answer

Colombia and Mexico.

question

Heroin first became popular among opioid abusers in the 1970s, due to returning Vietnam veterans.

answer

FALSE

question

In 1898, Bayer laboratories marketed diacetylmorphine tablets under the brand name

answer

Heroin.

question

The fact that animals with no history of opioid withdrawal will press a lever to self-administer low doses of intravenous morphine or heroin demonstrates the importance of ____________ in developing opioid addiction.

answer

positive reinforcement

question

Heroin became the drug of choice for many opioid users

answer

during the 1920s, because it was easier to smuggle the small amounts needed for an effective dose.

question

Although pain relief is now the major medical use for opioids, they have been used to save many lives (especially in underdeveloped countries) because of their ability to

answer

treat diarrhea.

question

Heroin is more potent than morphine because

answer

it more readily crosses the blood-brain barrier.

question

The 16th century European physician Paracelsus, and later Dr. Thomas Sydenham promoted the use of

answer

laudanum.

question

Enkephalins, endorphins, and dynorphins are

answer

three classes of endogenous chemicals that have effects similar to morphine

question

Morphine and codeine are derived from the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum.

answer

TRUE

question

In recent years, heroin use has been a rapidly spreading problem in the U.S. suggesting that it is becoming an epidemic.

answer

FALSE

question

Long-term use of opioid drugs has been clearly shown to damage both the liver and the brain.

answer

FALSE

question

The vast majority of heroin-related deaths (about 70% or more) occur as a result of heroin alone.

answer

False

question

Withdrawal from opioid drugs is often fatal.

answer

FALSE

question

The most popular prescription opioids are hydrocodone and oxycodone.

answer

TRUE

question

In a heroin user, negative reinforcement of drug-taking behavior can occur when

answer

withdrawal symptoms are alleviated by another injection.

question

Heroin was originally a brand name for diacetylmorphine, manufactured by Bayer laboratories.

answer

TRUE

question

The textbook says that opioid withdrawal is similar to

answer

a bad case of intestinal flu.

question

Vicodin and OxyContin are examples of

answer

prescription opioids that are being misused at relatively high rates

question

Possession of opium, morphine, or heroin without a prescription was made a crime by

answer

a 1915 Supreme Court decision.

question

By the beginning of the 20th century, a greater percentage of Americans were addicted to opioids than at any time before or since. Opium smoking and medical use of injected pure morphine were important contributors to this, along with

answer

patent medicines containing opium extracts or morphine.

question

\"Black tar\" is

answer

a name given heroin from Mexico that is brown or black in its pure form.

question

One thing that apparently contributed to the spread of opium smoking in China was

answer

a 1644 edict from the emperor forbidding tobacco smoking.

question

There is a large body of evidence indicating that MDMA use results in a severely depressed mood that lasts several days

answer

FALSE

question

The psychological effect of LSD was first reported by

answer

Albert Hofmann, the Swiss chemist who developed the drug

question

Which of the following hallucinogens has NOT received recent scientific interest as a psychotherapeutic agent?

answer

PCP

question

Synesthesia refers to the experiencing of hallucinogenic effects even months after taking the drug.

answer

FALSE

question

The anticholinergic plant with a forked root that is mentioned in the Bible is

answer

mandrake

question

LSD is considered to be the most potent psychoactive agent known to man because

answer

it produces effects at such low doses.

question

The major thrust of early research on LSD was for its

answer

supposed ability to access the subconscious mind.

question

(p. 333) Besides hallucinations, mescaline also produces

answer

pupil dilation and increased heart rate and blood pressure.

question

The red and white speckled mushroom that has been associated with an early Christian cult as well as with other religions all over the world is

answer

amanita muscaria.

question

The combination of two plants, one containing DMT and the other containing harmaline (an MAO inhibitor), was originally used by indigenous cultures in South America and is called,

answer

ayahuasca.

question

LSD was synthesized from alkaloids derived from

answer

ergot fungus.

question

The Native American Church includes aspects of Christianity and uses __________ as a sacrament.

answer

peyote

question

Ayahuasca is a name for the cactus containing mescaline.

answer

FALSE

question

When evaluating drug-related data from animal studies, which of these questions should be asked?

answer

All of the above.

question

PCP was patented as Sernyl and first tested as

answer

a dissociative anesthetic.

question

DMT, a short-acting hallucinogen that is usually ineffective when taken orally, is found in

answer

Cohoba snuff.

question

One major grouping of hallucinogens typically allows the user to remain in some touch with the real world and to remember much of what he or she experienced. This group of drugs was referred to as the

answer

phantastica.

question

Atropa belladonna is also known by the name

answer

deadly nightshade.

question

In rare cases, people who have used LSD experience similar symptoms weeks or months later. The common term for this has been

answer

flashbacks

question

The sensation of experiencing sounds as pictures, or of seeing movements produced by musical rhythms, is known as

answer

synesthesia.

question

In hunter-gatherer societies, the shaman or medicine man (or woman) was important not only for understanding what we now call medicine, but also because he or she was

answer

a spiritual, or religious leader

question

LSD and psilocybin belong to the chemical grouping of

answer

indoles.

question

Peace pill and angel dust have been street names for

answer

PCP

question

There is a large body of evidence indicating that MDMA use results in a severely depressed mood that lasts several days.

answer

FALSE

question

Anticholinergic plants like datura have potent psychological effects but are not very dangerous physiologically.

answer

FALSE

question

Most of the resin is in which part of the cannabis plant?

answer

flowering tops.

question

Cannabis indica has more psychoactive potency, whereas Cannabis sativa is more associated with

answer

hemp.

question

Hashish refers to

answer

pure cannabis resin.

question

The flowering tops (buds) of unpollinated female cannabis plants produce a high-grade marijuana known as

answer

sinsemilla.

question

The 1944 LaGuardia report of the New York Academy of Medicine concluded that \"those who have been smoking marihuana for a period of years...\"

answer

showed no mental or physical deterioration.

question

The natural substance in the body that has marijuana-like effects is called

answer

anandamide

question

In a study of heart rate changes following smoked marijuana with 4 percent THC or 20 mg oral THC

answer

the peak effects were similar, but smoking produced a faster onset of effects.

question

The abuse potential of THC

answer

is higher for smoked than for oral THC.

question

A great number of studies have consistently reported that smoked marijuana and oral THC both produce

answer

increased total daily food intake.

question

Studies show that marijuana increases which of the following?

answer

Nonverbal social interactions.

question

In 1985, the FDA approved the sale of dronabinol (Marinol), which

answer

is a capsule containing THC.

question

The 1999 report from the Institute of Medicine suggested that marijuana cigarettes should

answer

be allowed for no more than six months for patients with intractable pain or vomiting.

question

Studies of the effects of marijuana on automobile driving show

answer

significant impairments when inexperienced users are studied in a laboratory environment.

question

Which of the following has NOT been found as an effect of regular marijuana use?

answer

Increased testosterone levels in men.

question

Which of the following did NOT occur in the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s in the United States?

answer

Marijuana use among high school students reached an all-time low.

question

The current shift in the U.S. public's attitude towards marijuana laws is probably partly related to which of the following?

answer

( Increasing evidence that marijuana is relatively innocuous.) and (A desire to spend federal funds more wisely and gain tax revenue)

question

Rimonabant is a CB1 receptor antagonist that was used as an anti-obesity agent. What was the drug removed from the global market in 2009?

answer

concern about dangerous psychological side effects

question

As of mid-2014, at least _____ states and Washington, D.C. have passed ballot initiatives allowing the use of medical marijuana.

answer

20

question

Cannabis sativa is grown primarily for its psychoactive resins.

answer

FALSE

question

The natural substance found in the body that has marijuana-like effects is called ayahuasca.

answer

FALSE

question

The 1999 report from the Institute of Medicine said that marijuana cigarettes should be made available to any medical patient on the recommendation of a physician.

answer

FALSE

question

Laboratory studies have not been able to document impaired driving performance after smoking marijuana.

answer

FALSE

question

Republican leaders, such as Ron Paul, have called for tighter legal restrictions on marijuana possession.

answer

FALSE

question

According to recent data, marijuana is a clear cause of psychosis.

answer

FALSE

question

CB1 receptors are found mainly outside the brain in immune cells.

answer

False

question

Which of these is NOT one of the successful components included in the social influence model?

answer

discussing the penalties for getting caught with cigarettes

question

DARE is one of the most widespread drug prevention programs in schools. Research on DARE has shown that

answer

it has not produced lasting reductions in drug or alcohol use.

question

The most consistent feature of workplace drug prevention programs has been

answer

random urine testing.

question

The DARE program stands for

answer

Drug Abuse Resistance Education.

question

A 1984 review of prevention studies concluded that values clarification approaches were clearly effective in actually preventing future drug use.

answer

FALSE

question

The Institute of Medicine's proposed prevention efforts are categorized primarily according to the age groups of the targeted populations.

answer

FALSE

question

In the public health model, programs designed to reach people who have started using some substances and to prevent them from abusing these substances or moving to more dangerous substances, would be classified as

answer

secondary prevention.

question

One of SAMHSA's model community prevention programs

answer

works for changes in alcohol policies and ordinances.

question

In the early 1970s, the Knowledge-Attitudes-Behavior model began to be questioned when it was learned that

answer

students with more knowledge about drugs had a more positive attitude toward drugs.

question

The ad campaign Above the Influence targets which age group?

answer

12-17

question

One study of the Life Skills Training program found significantly lower use of

answer

all of the above

question

Beginning in 1986, the federal government launched a massive campaign based on anti-drug policies, locker searches, etc., to promote

answer

\"Drug-Free\" schools.

question

Having students discuss their reactions to various moral and ethical dilemmas as a means to help them clarify their own values was one example of the general prevention approach known as

answer

affective education.

question

Studies of school-based prevention programs in the 1970s showed that students who knew more about drugs and their effects were least likely to use those drugs.

answer

FALSE

question

Tertiary prevention programs are aimed at

answer

people who have completed treatment for dependence and need relapse prevention or follow up.

question

The Montana Meth Project, an ad campaign that exaggerates the effects of methamphetamine, has been shown to clearly reduce methamphetamine use.

answer

FALSE

question

Drug use and abuse is a relatively recent development in our society

answer

FALSE

question

One of the top programs on SAMHSA's list of effective prevention programs is DARE.

answer

FALSE

question

In discussing what we should be doing in drug prevention, the text says, \"above all\"

answer

avoid sensational scare stories and preachy approaches.

question

Which of these was NOT discussed as an effective family-based drug prevention approach?

answer

providing urine test kits to parents

question

According to the textbook, a 2005 law concerning methamphetamine further restricted

answer

the sale of pseudoephedrine.

question

The Social Influence Model was first developed in a prison setting with former heroin users.

answer

FALSE

question

Primary prevention programs are aimed at

answer

young people who have not tried drugs.

question

The social influence model grew out of a 1976 paper describing a successful prevention approach aimed at

answer

cigarette smoking.

question

Drug use and abuse is a relatively recent development in our society.

answer

FALSE

question

Studies of school-based prevention programs in the 1970s showed that students who knew more about drugs and their effects were least likely to use those drugs

answer

FALSE

question

Studies of court-ordered referrals to Alcoholics Anonymous versus other types of interventions have

answer

not found differences in effectiveness between AA and other approaches.

question

Is treatment for drug addiction effective?

answer

Statistically, treatment does reduce crime and increase employment.

question

Although no medication has yet received FDA approval for treating cannabis use disorder, one has shown effectiveness in relieving cannabis withdrawal symptoms. That medication is

answer

oral THC

question

The only kinds of medications approved for use in smoking cessation are various forms of nicotine replacement therapy, like nicotine patches and gum.

answer

FALSE

question

Because of the potential danger of alcohol withdrawal symptoms, these symptoms are often prevented or treated by administering

answer

benzodiazepines.

question

The substance that accounted for the most admissions in the Treatment Episode Data Set from 2011 was

answer

alcohol.

question

Giving the user rewards for drug-free urine samples

answer

is a form of contingency management.

question

Besides methadone, another substitute medication has recently been approved for maintaining opioid addicted patients. It is

answer

buprenorphine.

question

The most common form of treatment for opioid dependence is rapid opioid detoxification.

answer

FALSE

question

The opioid antagonist naltrexone can prevent heroin from having its normal effect if it is injected.

answer

FALSE

question

In motivational enhancement therapy, drinkers are given antabuse so that they will be afraid to drink alcohol.

answer

FALSE

question

CBT may be ineffective for long-term methamphetamine users because of the many cognitive deficits caused by the drug

answer

False

question

Which one of these is an agonist therapy?

answer

(methadone for heroin addiction) and (nicotine gum for tobacco addiction)

question

Varenicline, approved in 2006 for smoking cessation

answer

is a partial nicotinic-receptor antagonist.

question

The most effective potential medical treatment for cocaine use disorder appears to be the antidepressant drug citalopram.

answer

FALSE

question

CBT approaches to treatment

answer

have the clients to identify people, places, and behaviors associated with drug use.

question

Before we can evaluate the success of a drug treatment program, we have to understand the program's

answer

goals.

question

Because most heroin addicted people prescribed naltrexone stop taking it,

answer

researchers are testing a depot form that blocks heroin's effects for up to six weeks.

question

The \"therapeutic workplace\" is an example of what approach to drug treatment?

answer

contingency management

question

Both drug agonist (substitution) and antagonist treatments are included in the __________ phase of treatment.

answer

maintenance

question

There is no documented cocaine withdrawal syndrome.

answer

FALSE

question

Which of these has NOT received FDA approval for use during the maintenance phase of alcohol treatment?

answer

bupropion (Zyban)

question

Rapid opioid detoxification is based on

answer

anesthetizing users and administering an antagonist, so that withdrawal occurs while they are asleep.

ADA Chapters 9-18

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