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This is the study of abnormal behavior and psychological dysfunction

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Psychopathology

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This term is used to describe someone's emotional distress while engaging in a particular behavior or thought process

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Subjective Discomfort

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What do psychologists call disorders that are found only in particular cultures?

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Cultural Syndromes

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This term is used to describe the social or environmental setting of a person's behavior

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Situational Context

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Which term refers to a way to define abnormality by comparing an individual's behavior to the norms or standards of the society in which an individual lives?

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Social Norm Deviance

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Severe depression that comes on suddenly or seems to have no external cause is called...

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Major Depressive Disorder (Episode)

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This disorder is often related to low levels of sunlight, often during winter months

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Seasonal Affective Disorder

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When a patient arrives in the emergency room, he is restless and irritable with unlimited energy and a rapid rate of speech. The attending psychiatrist believes the patient has taken cocaine or amphetamines and admits him for observation. The next day, the symptoms are the same. What condition with symptoms that are similar to those associated with amphetamine use might the psychiatrist now consider as a condition that is relevant to the diagnosis?

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Mania (Manic Episode)

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This perspective says that depression is a result of distorted and illogical thinking

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Cognitive Perspective

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When patients alternate between periods of major depression and hypomania, they are said to have this disorder...

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Bipolar II Disorder

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False beliefs held by a person who refuses to accept evidence of their falseness are known as...

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Delusions

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Delusions of ________ are false beliefs held by a person who is convinced that others are trying to hurt them in some way.

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Persecution

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Bizarre beliefs and extrasensory experiences are examples of what kinds of symptoms of Schizophrenia?

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Positive

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This term is used to describe symptoms of schizophrenia that include wildly excessive movement, or no movement at all

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Catatonia

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This model assumes you have a biological sensitivity to a certain disorder that will develop under the right environmental or emotional stress

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Stress-Vulterability Model

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An irrational, persistent fear of something is called a(n)...

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Phobia

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This term is used to describe worry that is unrelated to any realistic, known source

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Free-Floating Anxiety

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Fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or impossible if something should go wrong is called...

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Agoraphobia

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A disorder in which excessive anxiety and worry occur more days than not for at least six months is called...

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Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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An anxiety disorder characterized by frequent panic attacks that affect the person's ability to function in day-to-day living is called...

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Panic Disorder

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Individuals with this personality disorder are "against society" and may habitual break the law and disobey rules

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Antisocial Personality Disorder

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This disorder includes those individuals who have unstable relationships with others, an unstable sense of self, and will often engage in risky, self-harming behaviors

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Borderline Personality Disorder

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This perspective says that personality disorders arise out of inadequate resolution of the Oedipus Complex

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Psychodynamic Perspective

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This cluster of personality disorders includes Borderline, Histrionic, and Antisocial Personality Disorders

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Cluster B

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This perspective states that personality disorders arise from specific behaviors that are learned over time and maladaptive belief systems

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Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective

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The insanity defense, is a _____________ construct (or term), and not a psychological one

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Legal

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This term is used to describe the hidden, symbolic meaning of dreams

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Latent Content

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This is the term used for encouraging a patient to talk about anything that comes to mind

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Free Association

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Psychoanalysis is {this} kind of therapy, with the therapist asking questions, interpreting therapeutic content, and giving opinions and guidance to their patients

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Directive

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This type of therapy is essentially Psychoanalysis 2.0, and is a lot shorter in duration, and focuses less on psychosexual dysfunction

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Psychodynamic Therapy

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This is a type of therapy that focuses on the relationships of the individual with others and the interplay of mood and events of everyday life

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Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)

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Unlike psychoanalysis, human-centered therapies are ___________, and the therapist merely acts as a sounding board for their client, instead of offering suggestions and opinions.

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Nondirective

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This term refers to a technique that therapists use to allow clients to continue to talk and have insights without the interference of therapist interpretations and possible biases

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Reflection

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This basic element of human-centered therapies means to have respect for a client, regardless of whether or not their feelings, goals, and values are different from those of the therapist

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Unconditional Positive Regard

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This means to have a genuine, open, and honest response to your client as a therapist

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Authenticity

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This type of therapy arose from person-centered therapy, but is actually the opposite...trying to direct the client to change their motivation for treatment

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Motivational Interviewing

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This therapy pairs an undesirable behavior with an aversive stimulus to decrease the frequency of the behavior

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Aversion Therapy

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Which method of treating phobias involves progressive relaxation and exposure to the feared object?

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Systematic Desensitization

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A technique for treating phobias and other stress disorders in which the person is suddenly exposed to the fear-provoking situation or object in an intense way and is prevented from making the usual avoidance or escape response is called...

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Flooding

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Every time Alice cleans her room properly and makes the bed, she receives a marble. When she accumulates 100 marbles, she can get the new video game she wants. What type of behavioral program are Alice's parents using?

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Token Economy

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Craig is currently in therapy to help him stop smoking. His therapist is using learning techniques to help him modify his smoking habit and develop more desirable behaviors. Craig's therapist is using...

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Behavior Modification

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Therapy that depends on identifying and changing distorted thinking and unrealistic beliefs is ______ therapy.

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Cognitive

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In which form of therapy does the therapist take a directive role, challenging clients when they make "my way or nothing" statements?

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Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

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Jill's teenage son fails his mathematics exam due to lack of studying. She immediately assumes that it is her fault. Jill is engaging in...

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Personalization

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DeMario's wife, Marta, asks him if he wants some help cutting the grass and weeding the garden. He declines the offer and feels "blue" for the rest of the day because he keeps thinking, "Marta thinks I am getting older and losing my physical abilities." What type of cognitive distortion is involved here?

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Arbitrary Inference

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______________ focuses on the present and assumes that people observe the world and the people around them, make assumptions and inferences based on these observations, and then decide how to respond.

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Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

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A treatment for severe depression in which an electric shock is delivered to the patient, resulting in a seizure of the body and the release of a flood of neurotransmitters in the brain, is called...

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Electroconvulsive Therapy

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This is therapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly

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Action Therapies

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This is surgery that is performed on brain tissue to relieve or control severe psychological disorders.

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Psychosurgery

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What type of drugs are the traditional antianxiety drugs, or minor tranquilizers, such as Valium?

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Benzodiazepines

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Most psychological professionals today take a(n) ______ view of psychotherapy.

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Eclectic

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This person revolutionized the way mental illness were treated, liberating those with mental defects from confinement in insane asylums and prisons

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Phillipe Pinel

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