Medical Term Chapter 14 Musculoskeletal System – Flashcards
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mandibul/o
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mandible
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patell/o
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patella
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rachi/o, spondyl/o, vertebr/o
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vertebra, spine, vertebral column
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stern/o
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sternum
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ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
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tendon
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ankyl/o
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stiff, bent
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kinesi/o
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movement, motion
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kyph/o
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hump
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myel/o
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bone marrow
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oste/o
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bone
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scoli/o
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crooked, curved
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inter-
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between
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sym-, syn-
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together, joined
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-asthenia
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weakness
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-clasia, -clasis, -clast
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break
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-desis
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surgical fixation, fusion
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-physis
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growth
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-schisis
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split, fissure
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ankylosis
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abnormal condition of stiffness
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cranioschisis
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fissure of the cranium
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fibromyalgia
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pain in the fibrous tissues and muscles
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myasthenia
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muscle weakness
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osteitis
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inflammation of the bone
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osteomalacia
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softening of bone
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osteomyelitis
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inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
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osteosarcoma
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malignant tumor of the bone
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rhabdomyolysis
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dissolution of striated muscle
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sarcopenia
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abnormal reduction of connective tissue
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scoliosis
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abnormal condition of lateral curved spine
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spondylarthritis
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inflammation of the vertebral joints
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spondylosis
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abnormal condition of the vertebrae
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tendinitis
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inflammation of a tendon
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ankylosing spondylitis
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form of arthritis that first affects the spine and adjacent structures and that, as it progress, causes a forward bend of the spine
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bunion
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abnormal prominence of the joint at the base of the great toe
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carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
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common nerve entrapment disorder of the wrist caused by compression of the median nerve
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exostosis
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abnormal benign growth on the surface of the bone
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gout
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disease in which an excessive amount of uric acid in the blood causes sodium urate cyrstals
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Lyme disease
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an infection caused by a bacterium carried by deer ticks and transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tick
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muscular dystrophy (MD)
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group of hereditary diseases characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness
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osteoporosis
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abnormal loss of bone density that may lead to an increase in fractures
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spondylolisthesis
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forward slipping of one vertebra over another
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arthrocentesis
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surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from a joint
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arthrodesis
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surgical fixation of a joint
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chondroplasty
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surgical repair of cartilage
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Total hip arthroplasty (THA)
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indicated for degenerative joint disease or rheumatoid arthritis.
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myorrhaphy
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suturing of a muscle
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osteoclasis
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surgical breaking of a bone
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phalangectomy
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excision of a finger or toe bone
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rachiotomy
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incision into the vertebral column
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spondylosyndesis
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fusing together of the vertrebrae
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tenomyoplasty
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surgical repair of the tendon and muscle
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vertebroplasty
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surgical repair of vertebra
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arthrography
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radiographic imaging of a joint
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arthroscopy
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visual examination of a joint
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electromyogram (EMG)
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record of the electrical activity in a muscle
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carpal
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pertaining to the wrist
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dyskinesia
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difficult movement
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hyperkinesia
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excessive movement
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osteoblast
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developing bone cell
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osteonecrosis
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abnormal condition of bone death
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subcostal
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pertaining to below the rib
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symphysis
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growing together
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ulnoradial
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pertaining to the ulna and radius
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vertebrocostal
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pertaining to the vertebrae and ribs
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chiropodist, podiatrist
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specialist in treating and diagnosing diseases and disorder of the foot, including medical and surgical treatment
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chiropractic
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system of treatment that consists of manipulation of the vertebral column
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crepitus
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crackling sound heard when two bones rub against each other or grating caused by the rubbing together of dry surfaces of a joint
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orthopedics (ortho)
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branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of diseases and abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system
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orthopedist
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physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases and abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system
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osteoclast
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type of bone cell involved in absorption and removal of bone minerals
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c1-c7
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cervical vertebrae
