AP Psych Unit XII and XIII Module Questions – Flashcards
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Which of the following describes the idea that psychological disorders can be diagnosed and treated?
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medical model
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Which of the following is the primary purpose of the DSM?
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diagnosis of mental disorders
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Which of the following disorders do Americans report most frequently?
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mood
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What do we call an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation?
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phobia
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A person troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions is most likely experiencing which of the following?
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obsessive-compulsive disorder
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The key difference between obsessions and compulsions is that compulsions involve repetitive
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behaviors
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Which of the following is NOT a symptom of major depressive disorder?
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auditory hallucinations
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Which of the following is true of depression?
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compared with men, nearly twice as many women have been diagnosed with this
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Which of the following is true of suicide?
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In the United States, it is more common among Whites than Blacks
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Based on brain scans, which of the following is true of brain function and mood?
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the brain is more active during manic episodes and less active during depressive episodes
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Xavier, who has a negative explanatory style, is most likely to get depressed after failing a math test if he believes that he failed because
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the room was very hot and stuffy
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Which of the following is the best term or phrase for a false belief, often of persecution, that may accompany psychotic disorders?
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delusion
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Which of the following is true?
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fetuses exposed to flu virus are more likely to develop schizophrenia later in life
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According to research, which of the following has been identified as an early warning sigh of schizophrenia?
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poor peer relations and solo play
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Adela regularly interprets ordinary physical symptoms like stomach cramps and headaches as serious medical problems. Her doctor is unable to convince her that her problems are not serious. Adela suffers from
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illness anxiety disorder
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Which of the following is the diagnosis given to people with multiple personalities?
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dissociative identity disorder
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Which of the following is defining characteristic of antisocial personality disorder?
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lack of conscience
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Which of the following statements is false?
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someone suffering from depression will get better only with therapy and medication
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The risk of major depression and bipolar disorder dramatically increases if you
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have a parent or sibling with the disorder
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What do mental health professionals call a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior?
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a psychological disorder
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Adolescent mood swings might be misdiagnosed as which psychological disorder?
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bipolar disorder
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A split from reality that shows itself in disorganized thinking, disturbed perceptions, and/or diminished or inappropriate emotions is associated with which psychological disorder?
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schizophrenia
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The nearly 1-in-100 odds of any person being diagnosed with schizophrenia become about 1 in 10 among those
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whose identical twin has it as well
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Which of the following can be characterized as a compulsion?
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checking repeatedly to see if doors are locked
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Sensory experiences without sensory stimulation are called
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hallucinations
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What is the most common reason people seek mental health services?
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depression
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Brain-scanning techniques reveal what kinds of brain activity differences in people with chronic schizophrenia?
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abnormal activity in multiple brain areas
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Which personality disorder is associated with lack of regret over violating others' rights?
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antisocial personality disorder
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What term refers to thought about who or what we blame for our successes and failures?
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explanatory style
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Although some psychological disorders are culture-bound, others are universal. Which of the following disorders is found in every known culture?
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schizophrenia
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Modern psychologists contend that all behavior, whether it is called normal or disordered, arises from the interaction of
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nature and nurture
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Which of the following are symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder?
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unexplainable and continual tension
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Many clinical psychologists incorporate a variety of approaches into their therapy. They are said to take a(n) ___________ approach.
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eclectic
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What do psychodynamic therapists call the blocking of anxiety-laden material from the conscious?
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resistance
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Which of the following is one of the ways humanistic therapies differ from psychoanalytic therapies?
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humanist therapies focus on promoting growth, not curing illness.
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Which of the following is a feature of client-centered therapy?
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active listening
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Dr. Welle tries to help her clients by teaching them to modify the things they do when under stress or experiencing symptoms. This means that Dr. Welle engages in ______________ therapy.
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behavior
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Mary Cover Jones helped a little boy named Peter overcome his fear of rabbits by gradually moving a rabbit closer to him each day while he was eating his snack. This was one of the first applications of
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exposure therapy
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On which of the following are token economies based?
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operant conditioning
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Which of the following is considered a benefit of group therapy?
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it saves time and money when compared with other forms of therapy
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Which of the following does the text's author call psychology's most powerful tool for sorting reality from wishful thinking?
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control group
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Which of the following best describes meta-analysis?
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a way to combine the results of lots of studies
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Which of the following is the best phrase for a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client who are working to overcome the client's problem?
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therapeutic alliance
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Which neurotransmitter is affected by antipsychotic medications?
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dopamine
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Which of the following is most effectively treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?
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depression
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Which of the following was the purpose of lobotomies?
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to separate the reasoning centers of the brain from the emotional centers
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In an effort to help a child overcome a fear of dogs, a therapist pairs a trigger stimulus (something associated with dogs) with a new stimulus that causes a response that is incompatible with fear (for example, an appealing snack or toy). Which clinical orientation is this therapist using?
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behavioral
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Which of the following is a similarity between humanistic and psychoanalytic therapies?
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both approaches are generally considered insight therapies
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A psychotherapist who uses a blend of therapies is practicing what kind of approach?
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eclectic
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Some patients whose depression resists drugs have benefited from which experimental treatment?
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deep-brain stimulation
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Which kind of drug is most closely associated with increasing the availability of norepinephrine or serotonin?
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antidepressant
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Which of the following is seen as an effective treatment for severe depression that does not respond to drug therapy?
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ECT
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Echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what a person expresses (verbally or nonverbally) in a therapy session is called
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active listening
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In the context of psychoanalytic theory, experiencing strong positive or negative feelings for your analyst is a sign of what?
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transference
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In which kind of therapy would the therapist be most likely to note the following during a session: "Blocks in the flow of free associations indicate resistance"?
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psychoanalysis
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Which kind of therapy below is most closely associated with the goal of altering thoughts and actions?
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cognitive-behavioral
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Allowing people to discover, in a social context, that others have problems similar to their own is a unique benefit of what kind of therapy?
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group
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Which of the following therapeutic approaches is scientifically supported?
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cognitive therapy
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Most antipsychotic drugs mimic a certain neurotransmitter by blocking its activity at the receptor sites. These drugs affect which one of the following neurotransmitters?
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dopamine
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Which of the following is not recommended by therapists as a way to help prevent or get over depression?
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recovered-memory therapies
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A psychotherapist states, "Getting people to change what they say to themselves is an effective way to change their thinking." This statement best exemplifies which kind of therapeutic approach?
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cognitive
