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A narrator whose words cannot be trusted because he acts irrational *Ex. I heard many things in hell. How, then, am I mad?*

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Unreliable Narrator

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The perspective from which a story is told; First Person, the narrator or character tell the story. (used to reveal what the narrator is thinking or feeling)Ex.*" For it was not the old man who vexed me, but his evil eye?"* Ex.* "And when the eye fell upon me, it chilled the very marrow of my bones.*

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Point of View

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What a narrator reveals about a character directly Ex. *He is mad.* Ex. *He is insane* Ex. *He is irrational*

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Direct Characterization

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is when an author creates a character's personality through his words, thoughts, actions, behavior or what other people say about him *Ex. I heard all things in the heaven and in the earth.*

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Indirect Characterization

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Words that describe a character such as: *mad, irrational, insane, despicable*

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Character Traits

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Literary Device: an interruption in the present scene to take you back to an earlier scene in a story (It is used to give background information)*Ex. "How, then, am I mad? Hearken! and observe how healthily --how calmly I can tell you the whole story."*

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Flashback

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Literary Device: An author's use of hints or clues to suggest events that will occur later in the story (It is used to create suspense)*"and so by degrees --very gradually --I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever." *

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Foreshadowing

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Literary Device: is when an object or idea represents something else at a deeper level*Ex. "I think it was his eye! yes, it was this! He had the eye of a vulture --a pale blue eye, with a film over it."*

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Symbolism

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is the reason why a character behaves in a certain manner *Ex. "and so it was impossible to do the work; for it was not the old man who vexed me, but his Evil Eye." *

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Motivation

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The sequence of events that happen in a story.

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Plot

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Stage 1 of story plot: is the introduction of a story that introduces the setting, characters and basic situation

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Exposition

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Stage 2 of story plot: The conflict is introduced here, and the events increase in tension and or suspense builds

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Rising Action

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Stage 3 of story plot: The event that has the highest point of development; it can be the most exciting event or the most dramatic of the whole story

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Climax

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Stage 4 of story plot: These are the events right after the climax that are less in tension and prepare the reader for the resolution

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Falling Action

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Stage 5 of story plot: This is the outcome of a story or where the problem gets resolved

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Resolution/Denouement

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The main message or lesson in life, you get from a story, also called the central message *Guilty conscience*

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Theme

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is when the opposite happens of what was expected Ex. *The narrator was bold and courageous in the beginning, but lost it and confessed at the end.*

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Irony

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The setting is the time or place in which a story occurs (It helps create the mood for the story)*Ex. And every morning, when the day broke, I went boldly into the chamber (bedroom)".*

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Setting

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the overall feeling or atmosphere in a story *Ex. eerie, suspenseful*

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Mood

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A two dimensional character, they react through speech or gesture to reveal an emotional trait. They do not change throughout the course of the story.

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Flat Character

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is when the reader is aware of something about the character, but the character is not *Ex. "but why will you say that I am mad? The disease had sharpened my senses."*

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Dramatic Irony

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is when something different happens from what we expected *Ex. "I loved the old man. He had never wronged me. He had never given me insult. For his gold I had no desire"* -- yet such is his madness that he wants to kill the old man.

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Situational Irony

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is when something is said that contradicts what is meant *Ex. "I was never kinder to the old man than during the whole week before I killed him."*

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Verbal Irony

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The grammatical structure of words, phases or sentences that may include listing or repetition side by side *Ex. "Oh God! what could I do? I foamed --I raved --I swore!"*

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Parallelism

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The problem in the story *"Ex. He had the eye of a vulture --a pale blue eye, with a film over it."*

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Conflict

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a character has a conflict (problem) in his mind *Ex. "It is impossible to say how first the idea entered my brain; but once conceived, it haunted me day and night."*

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Internal Conflict

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a character has a conflict with an outside force, or another person (also known as inner conflict) *Ex. "...information had been lodged at the police office, and they (the officers) had been deputed to search the premises."*

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External Conflict

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the anxious feeling that keeps you wondering what will happen next in a story *Ex. But even yet I refrained and kept still. I scarcely breathed. I held the lantern motionless. I tried how steadily I could maintain the ray upon the eye."*

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Suspense

Literary Elements for The Tell-Tale Heart W/Pics – Flashcards

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