Chapter 6 section 3 Big Business and Labor terms & names – Flashcards

United States industrialist and philanthropist who endowed education and public libraries and research trusts (1835-1919).

The combination in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies (vertical). A merger or takeover between two or more companies with the same business activities (horizontal).

The theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Now largely discredited, social Darwinism was advocated by Herbert Spencer and others in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was used to justify political conservatism, imperialism, and racism and to discourage intervention and reform.

United States industrialist who made a fortune in the oil business and gave half of it away (1839-1937).

An act of Congress (1890) prohibiting any contract, conspiracy, or combination of business interests in restraint of foreign or interstate trade.

1850-1924, U.S. labor leader, born in England: president of the American Federation of Labor 1886-94, 1896-1924.

The first permanent national labor movement in America, founded in 1886. It amalgamated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1955.

United States labor organizer who ran for President as a socialist (1855-1926).

An international revolutionary federation of industrial unions founded in Chicago in 1905: banned in the US in 1949.

United States labor leader (born in Ireland) who helped to found the Industrial Workers of the World (1830-1930)