History Exam 2 – Flashcards

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In the election of 1932,
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Franklin Delano Roosevelt won 57 percent of the popular vote, and Democrats swept both houses of Congress.
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Father Charles Coughlin, an opponent of the New Deal, called for
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an expansion of the money supply.
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Roosevelt did not push for more ambitious reforms for black Americans because he was
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concerned about losing the support of southern Democrats for his New Deal agenda.
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Underlying the New Deal was the belief that
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capitalism held the solution to the nation's economic crisis.
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One of the most impressive achievements of the New Deal was
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that the United States did not abandon democracy to confront the nation's economic crisis.
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When President Roosevelt said "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself," he was referring to
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the paralyzing terror caused by the depression.
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Underlying the New Deal was the belief that
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capitalism held the solution to the nation's economic crisis.
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Opponents of the New Deal included business leaders and
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some labor leaders.
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One of the most impressive achievements of the New Deal was
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that the United States did not abandon democracy to confront the nation's economic crisis.
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During the Great Depression, Native Americans
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were once again able to own land communally.
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Dictators such as Anastasio Somoza and Fulgencio Batista terrorized their nations
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with private support from U.S. businessmen and tacit support from the Roosevelt administration.
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The Maginot Line was a
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concrete fortification that separated much of France from Germany.
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In the Bataan Death March in 1942,
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Japanese soldiers forced U.S. soldiers to march sixty-five miles to a concentration camp.
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Blacks who migrated to take jobs in defense industries were met with
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widespread racial violence.
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Women who remained at home contributed to the war effort by
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All of the above
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By the end of World War II, the United States had emerged with
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fewer casualties than its allies and foes in Europe and Asia.
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Blacks who migrated to take jobs in defense industries were met with
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widespread racial violence.
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Women who remained at home contributed to the war effort by
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All of the above
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In 1942, President Roosevelt authorized the roundup and internment of all Americans of Japanese descent because
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a large number of people believed that Japanese Americans were potential sources of espionage and subversion.
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Just after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941,
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Congress endorsed President Roosevelt's call for a declaration of war.
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Working women in the postwar economy by and large
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saw their earnings decline.
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The founding of the American GI Forum in 1948 and subsequent efforts by Mexican Americans to challenge their segregation in public schools demonstrated the
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growing mobilization of Mexican Americans in the Southwest.
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The Employment Act of 1946
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formalized the U.S. government's responsibility for keeping the economy healthy.
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In 1948, President Truman issued an executive order to
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desegregate the armed services.
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President Truman's decision to deploy 1.8 million troops in the Korean War without a formal declaration of war from Congress
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violated the spirit if not the letter of the Constitution.
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After World War II, Joseph Stalin's primary goal was to
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have governments friendly to the Soviet Union on its borders in Eastern Europe.
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In his iron curtain speech, British prime minister Winston Churchill suggested that
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Soviet suppression of the popular will in eastern and central Europe had isolated those regions from the free world.
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President Truman's decision to deploy 1.8 million troops in the Korean War without a formal declaration of war from Congress
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violated the spirit if not the letter of the Constitution.
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In 1948, President Truman issued an executive order to
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desegregate the armed services.
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The Employment Act of 1946
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formalized the U.S. government's responsibility for keeping the economy healthy.
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The three-part program for compensating, "terminating," and relocating Native Americans reflected the Eisenhower administration's commitment to
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restricting federal government activity.
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Levittown, New York, was
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an example of the assembly-line approach to producing affordable housing.
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A possible reason for the Cuban uprising led by Fidel Castro would be the Cuban people's
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desire for political and economic autonomy.
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Before he left office, President Eisenhower warned Americans about the military-industrial complex. He was describing a
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collaboration between the military and defense contractors to spend more money on increasingly powerful weapons systems.
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Between 1940 and 1960, higher education in the United States
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became increasingly available to veterans, the middle class, and African Americans.
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Anti-Communist zealot Senator Joseph McCarthy was finally discredited when he
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charged that there were Communists in the U.S. army.
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The United States reacted to the Soviet Union's successful launch of Sputnik in 1957
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with a feeling of inferiority about U.S. scientific and technological development.
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The Montgomery, Alabama, police arrested Rosa Parks on December 1, 1955, because she refused to
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give up her seat on the bus to a white man.
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Between 1940 and 1960, higher education in the United States
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became increasingly available to veterans, the middle class, and African Americans.
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Before he left office, President Eisenhower warned Americans about the military-industrial complex. He was describing a
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collaboration between the military and defense contractors to spend more money on increasingly powerful weapons systems.
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All in all, major decisions from the Warren Court
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have withstood the test of time.
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The U.S. president who created the Environmental Protection Agency was
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Richard M. Nixon.
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Following the enactment of the Medicare and Medicaid programs,
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physicians' fees and hospital costs escalated.
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The Mississippi Freedom Summer Project of 1964
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put northern college students to work helping blacks register to vote.
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Ultimately, the War on Poverty
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did not significantly redistribute total national income.
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President Kennedy believed that to eradicate poverty and solve most social problems, the United States needed to
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grow the economy.
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César Chávez and Dolores Huerta organized the Chicanos primarily to
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improve the conditions of migrant farmworkers in California.
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The Voting Rights Act of 1965
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authorized the use of federal agents to enforce African Americans' right to register and vote.
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Ultimately, the War on Poverty
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did not significantly redistribute total national income.
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In the summer of 1963, President Kennedy asked his aides to plan an attack on poverty and called for the passage of a comprehensive civil rights bill. He was unable to achieve those goals because
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he was assassinated that November.
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In the early 1960s, General Maxwell Taylor believed that the United States should hold firm in Vietnam to show the Soviet Union that wars of national liberation were "costly, dangerous, and doomed to failure." The two major problems with Taylor's analysis were that the Vietcong were an indigenous force whose initiative came from within and that the
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South Vietnamese government and army proved to be ineffective, and their corruption and repression alienated their own countrymen.
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The single largest group of U.S. soldiers in Vietnam was made up of
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poor and working-class Americans.
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Of the more than 7,500 American women who served in the Vietnam War,
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most served as nurses.
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In 1968, Abbie Hoffman and Jerry Rubin
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instigated a violent demonstration during the Democratic National Convention in Chicago.
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Returning veterans of the Vietnam War in large part
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felt betrayed by the government for not allowing them to win the war, and by their countrymen for its lack of support for the war.
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The Peace Corps was launched by the Kennedy administration in 1961 to
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work directly with the people in third world countries.
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President Kennedy criticized the Eisenhower administration's foreign policy for
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limiting defense spending and relying too heavily on nuclear weapons.
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In the Vietnam War, military officials began calculating their progress in body counts and kill ratios because
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it was impossible to measure military success based on territory seized.
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In the end, the Vietnam War
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contributed to internal disorder in the United States and the downfall of two presidents.
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In 1968, Abbie Hoffman and Jerry Rubin
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instigated a violent demonstration during the Democratic National Convention in Chicago.
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Walter Mondale's running mate in the presidential election of 1984 was
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Geraldine A. Ferraro.
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The new conservative movement of the 1970s
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believed that the government's intrusion into the individual's economic life hindered prosperity and stifled personal responsibility.
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The "Saturday night massacre" began with
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President Nixon's decision to fire the Watergate independent prosecutor.
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In response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, President Carter did all of the following except
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ask the United Nations to expel the Soviet Union from the Security Council.
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During the Carter administration,
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the president was compelled to cut federal spending due to rising inflation.
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By the time Ronald Reagan left office in 1989, the United States and the Soviet Union
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had reached their highest level of cooperation since World War II.*****
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During the Carter administration,
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the president was compelled to cut federal spending due to rising inflation.
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One surprising development in the 1972 presidential election was
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Richard Nixon's strength among southern, Catholic, urban, and blue-collar voters.
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According to the independent prosecutor charged with investigating the Iran-Contra scandal, President Reagan and Vice President George Bush
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had "knowingly participated or at least acquiesced" in covering up the scandal.
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Despite the antifeminist tone of the Reagan administration, feminists and the administration found common ground in
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helping single and divorced mothers collect court-ordered child support payments.
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The Clinton administration ended its eight years in office with
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a surplus in the federal budget and the longest economic boom in history.
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The Americans with Disabilities Act (1991)
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required that private businesses be accessible to people with disabilities.
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Protesters at the November 1999 demonstrations in Seattle reflected a new alliance between environmentalists and
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labor unions.
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Globalization at the end of the twentieth century was
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facilitated by new communications technology that linked almost all parts of the world.
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President Clinton ultimately backed away from his campaign promise to lift the ban on homosexuals in the military because of opposition from
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conservatives
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The USA Patriot Act of 2001
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suspended certain civil liberties protections.
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A major problem with President George W. Bush's "No Child Left Behind" law was that it
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lacked adequate funding for implementation by the states.
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Protesters at the November 1999 demonstrations in Seattle reflected a new alliance between environmentalists and
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labor unions.
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Globalization at the end of the twentieth century was
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facilitated by new communications technology that linked almost all parts of the world.
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President Clinton ultimately backed away from his campaign promise to lift the ban on homosexuals in the military because of opposition from
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conservatives.
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