question

Switzerland exports cheese and chocolate because one of its factor endowments is lots of rich agricultural land.

answer

False

question

Porter's diamond can be used to explain the importance of the environment and natural resources.

answer

True

question

Porter's diamond model suggests that Switzerland should not be competitively successful

answer

False

question

Porter suggests that adverse conditions can motivate innovation, which may lead to the development of a competitive advantage

answer

True

question

With globally networked transportation, location does not matter as a basic factor condition.

answer

False

question

Because Austria sided with the West in the Cold War, it became a favored location for offices of international firms servicing eastern European operations

answer

False

question

Geographical proximity is rarely a major reason for trade

answer

False

question

Mountains tend to impede trade, whereas flat areas tend to facilitate trade relationships

answer

True

question

Mountain barriers found in the area of the Pakistan-Afghanistan border impede travel and separate populations

answer

True

question

Switzerland, China, and Colombia are nations that present topographic challenges to marketers because their markets are divided by mountain ranges.

answer

True

question

Every coast between 20 and 30 degrees of the equator (north or south) is dry.

answer

True

question

Bodies of water, much like deserts and mountains, also serve as barriers to trade.

answer

False

question

Climate differences explain differences in human and economic development because the less temperate climates limit mental powers.

answer

False

question

Nonrenewable energy sources include coal, fossil fuels, and ocean thermal energy conversion.

answer

False

question

Through 2035, fossil fuels are expected to remain the world's dominant energy source.

answer

True

question

China and India combined are using more marketed energy than is the United States, and this trend is projected to increase

answer

True

question

Heavy oil is oil weighted down with an extra carbon molecule, and it can be gasified using the Fischer-Tropsch process.

answer

False

question

Saudi Arabia and Canada have the largest proven oil reserves

answer

True

question

The largest portion of proven oil reserves can be categorized as being at the highest level of investment risk

answer

True

question

Nuclear power is a leading contributor to the French energy grid

answer

True

question

Because it is a high polluter, coal is on the decline as an energy source.

answer

False

question

Biomass is a category of renewable energy fuels based on their heavy weight

answer

False

question

Sustainable approaches in business usually involve trade-offs such as lower profits compensated by reduced marketing costs and improved image/reputation

answer

False

question

Limits, interdependence, and equity are characteristics of sustainable business practices

answer

True

question

The stakeholder model for environmentally sustainable business has failed because we don't have an accounting system to measure the present costs of environmental irresponsibility

answer

False

question

Compassion has nothing to do with sustainable business. Business is business

answer

False

question

Coal and nuclear power are both in decline as energy sources

answer

False

question

Stakeholder theory suggests that balancing competing tensions in a business is impossible and that recognizing this early in the process is helpful

answer

False

question

Triple-bottom-line accounting is an example of sustainability with economic, social, and environmental accountability

answer

True

question

Interface, the manufacturer of Flor, is an example of a petroleum-based business that has developed a sustainable model

answer

True

question

Environmental sustainability is about maintaining the environment, and it is both local and global

answer

True

question

Environmentally sustainable businesses need to consider the economic and ecological systems in which they function, but not the social

answer

False

question

Sustainable business practices have three characteristics: limits, interdependence, and equity.

answer

True

question

The relationships among ecological, social, and economic systems in sustainable environments need to be

answer

Interdependent.

question

The stakeholder model requires businesses to think about

answer

the network of tensions caused by competing demands

question

Stakeholder theory pushes managers to be clear about how they want to do business, so it encourages

answer

recognition of and transparency with values and underlying principles.

question

Interface, the producer of Flor carpeting, has a solid record in sustainable business practice and

answer

spins its products from petroleum

question

Patagonia recognizes that doing business following the traditional approach, focusing on quarterly earnings, is not complete because this does not focus on:

answer

the negative impact of the business

question

Chouinard, the founder of Patagonia, observed that

answer

no business can be done on a dead planet

question

Physical barriers that have led to the development of separate languages in the same country are known as:

answer

topographical barriers

question

With factor conditions, Porter's diamond model distinguishes between basic factors, those a country inherits, and

answer

advanced factors, those a country can mold: labor and infrastructure

question

Swiss exports are concentrated, high-density products that minimize the need for importing bulky materials because

answer

mountain ranges increase transport costs into and out of Switzerland and limit local resources.

question

Geographical proximity contributes to:

answer

knowledge of the country by its neighbors; lower freight costs; the likelihood of trade relationships

question

Topography, including mountains, deserts, plains, and bodies of water, greatly influences

answer

the physical distribution of products and services

question

Nations whose mountains divide them into smaller regional areas include

answer

Switzerland, Afghanistan, China, and Colombia

question

One example of the effect of topography is:

answer

isolated language groups, which require special marketing adjustments

question

A good example of the relationship between water supply and population concentration is

answer

Australia

question

In more dense populations, international managers can expect

answer

lower marketing and distribution costs

question

Densely populated areas coincide with

answer

rivers, lakes, and seacoasts

question

Climate influences:

answer

what people can do, physically and economically

question

World Bank studies have shown that underdevelopment is often due to

answer

factors such as parasites and viruses that are a part of tropical climates and expand unchecked because of the lack of winter temperatures

question

Petroleum, a relatively cheap nonrenewable energy source, is

answer

being increasingly depleted and is expected to run out in another 50 years, but in the meantime, improved retrieval techniques are being developed.

question

The top four countries in proven reserves are

answer

Saudi Arabia, Canada, Iran, and Iraq

question

Heavy oil is

answer

a group of unconventional oil sources such as oil sands, shale, coal, and natural gas, all of which via processing can yield oil.

question

As an energy source, nuclear power

answer

A. is growing significantly, especially in developing countries. B. has been growing as the price of oil climbs and cleaner energy sources (nonpolluting) are sought. C. has been exploited by France, which has one of the lowest greenhouse gas emissions in the industrialized world. ****D. all of the above.****

question

Coal pollutes heavily

answer

yet its consumption has increased and is projected to continue on this trend, especially in China and India. and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, especially in China, India, and the United States

question

Renewable energy sources

answer

will replace fossil fuels, due to price, depletion, or carbon emissions. are growing at greater rates than the nonrenewables in the United States and Europe

question

The area with the greatest capacities in renewables as of 2010 is

answer

European Union

question

Nonfuel minerals

answer

A. include chrome, manganese, platinum, and arsenic, all necessary for modern living. B. are mostly sourced through imports in the United States. C. frequently originate in China. ***D. all of the above.****

question

Environmental sustainability is both local and global because:

answer

environmental conditions do not recognize national borders

question

The three characteristics of evolving sustainable business practices are

answer

limits, interdependence, and equity

question

Sam Palmisano, CEO of IBM, has described a new way of doing business that goes to equity of distribution by observing that

answer

IBM would end its colonial company model and move on to an integrated model with high levels of trust among stakeholders

question

Stakeholder theory is an understanding of how business works that

answer

takes into account all identifiable interest holders

question

A way to measure a company's success in sustainable business practices is:

answer

triple-bottom-line accounting

question

A specific example of a sustainable business is Patagonia, as evidenced in its

answer

Footprint Chronicles program that addresses the trade-offs global sourcing creates and evaluates the impact of sourcing decisions. ecosystem model of sustainability that relies on the synergies between financial, environmental, and social elements.

question

Porter's diamond is a model that offers an explanation of:

answer

differing levels of success among the national players in world markets

question

Proximity is a factor in explaining

answer

the number of a nation's political and trade relationships

question

Climate is probably the most important element of the physical forces, as it sets the limits on

answer

what people can do physically and economically

question

The main transportation artery of Europe is the

answer

Rhine waterway

question

Bodies of water that provide inexpensive access to interior markets are known as:

answer

inland waterways

question

Every continent has inland waterways that provide inexpensive access to interior markets except

answer

Australia.

question

The North-South divide uses climatic differences to explain:

answer

differences in human development

question

Studies conducted by the World Bank indicate that tropical climates allow for

answer

the unimpeded reproduction and growth of weeds, viruses, birds, insects, and parasites

question

Natural resources are

answer

anything provided by nature on which people depend

question

The marketed energy use has been dominated since 1980 by

answer

nonrenewable energy sources

question

The International Energy Agency 2010 report observes that an energy revolution underway may well lead to:

answer

a 27 percent drop in oil usage

question

Unconventional sources of petroleum such as oil sands and shale are often grouped together and referred to as:

answer

heavy oil.

question

This material, when heated to 500°C, will yield 25 liters or more per ton of input:

answer

shale

question

The largest portion of the world's proven oil reserves is located in:

answer

high-risk areas

question

This government commercialized the German Fischer-Tropsch process in order to obtain oil from coal through a catalyzed chemical reaction:

answer

South Africa.

question

Instead of declining, this nonrenewable energy source, because of its lack of pollution and the rising price of oil, has seen significant growth:

answer

nuclear power.

question

Although it pollutes heavily, this energy source is on the rise everywhere, especially in China

answer

coal

question

This is the only industrialized country that has not ratified the Kyoto Protocol, a UN convention on climate change

answer

the United States

question

This is the cleanest of the nonrenewable fuel sources, and it has become a substitute for oil as oil prices increase

answer

natural gas

question

Wind power is sourced

answer

on land and sea

question

According to the text, the fastest-growing renewable energy source is:

answer

solar PV

question

This group of resources, which includes chrome and manganese, is used in many technology applications, and the United States imports many of these resources 100 percent:

answer

nonfuel minerals

question

China's vast and mountainous terrain leads to

answer

many languages and dialects

question

Deserts and tropical forests seem opposites, but they have this trait in common:

answer

they separate markets, increasing transportation costs

question

Porter in his diamond model distinguishes two types of factor conditions

answer

advanced and basic factors

question

Rare earths are a group of elements used in:

answer

technology applications

question

Which country controls the export market of rare earths

answer

China

question

Why are rare earths a concern in industrialized economies

answer

Although they are relatively common, they do not occur in concentrated form often.

question

Europe follows the precautionary principle approach to environmental health and safety. This means:

answer

manufacturers of new products need to prove the product is safe

question

Sustainable business models:

answer

have as a goal to ensure that the marketplace exists for future generations

question

Sustainable business models:

answer

have as a goal to ensure that the marketplace exists for future generations

CBA 396 Chapter 5 – Flashcards

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