APUSH Ch. 8/9 quiz – Flashcards
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Capitalism
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a system of economic production based on the private ownership of property and the contractual exchange of profit of goods, labor, and money
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First Bank of the United States
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Chartered in 1791 by the Federalists in Congress and was founded by Alexander Hamilton to make commercial loans and issue notes
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Second Bank of the United States
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Chartered by the Jeffersonian Republicans in Congress in 1816 to provide credit
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business cycle
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the periodic expansion and contraction of production and employment inherent in an unregulatled market economy
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outwork
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a production system where merchants would buy raw materials, send them to rural areas to be manufactured by poor farm families, and then sell them in port cities and overseas markets
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mercantilism
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a set of geovernmental policies designed to enhance national wealth by active intervention into the economy
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middle class
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sought more egalitarian marriages and more affectionate ways of rearing their children
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suffrage
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the right to vote
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aristocracy
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the portion of the population who are born into the upper class
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patriarchial power
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the father had control of the household
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sentimentalism
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originated in Europe as part of the romantic movement, celebrated the importance of feeling - a physical, sensuous appreciation of God, nature, and other human beings
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companionate marriages
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a marriage based on equality and mutual respect
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republican motherhood
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the idea that the primary political role of American women was to instill a sense of patriotic duty and republican virtue in their children and mold the children into exemplary republican citizens
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Lord Dunnmore's Proclamation of 1775
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If slaves became loyalists and fought for Britain in the Revolutionary War, they'd be set free
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First Rhode Island Company
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a volunteer group of free blacks who wished to join the military
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manumission act
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allowed individual voters to free their slaves
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emancipation
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the freeing of slaves
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Missouri Compromise
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Maine could enter the Union as a free state in 1820and Missouri could follow as a slave state in 1821
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established church
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a church established by the state that is paid for by the tax payers
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Industrial Revolution
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the growth and mechanization of industry
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Market Revolution
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the expansion and integration of market
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mass production
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a system of factory production that often combines sophisticated machinery, a disciplined labor force, and assembly lines to turn out vast quantities of identical goods at low cost.
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division of labor
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a system of manufacture that assigns specific and repetitive tasks to each worker.
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factory
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a structure first built by manufacturers in the early nineteenth century to concentrate all aspects of production - and the machinery needed to increase output - all in one location
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artisans
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skilled laborers ex. blacksmith
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Samuel Slater
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brought the power loom to America from Britain, which changed the Northeast's textile market forever because they could now produce massive amounts of fabric at once
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Francis Lowell
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invented the factory, putting all the processes of producing one good under one roof.
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Eli Whitney
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invented the cotton gin and inter-changeable parts
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Cotton gin
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separated the cotton's gentle fibers from the seeds
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Inter-changeable parts
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initially invented for guns, allowed the owner to only fix the broken part of the machine, not forcing him to buy a whole new one
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wage workers
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workers who have no particular skill, they work to pay the bills
