Essay on Film - Flashcards with Answers

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Implicit Meaning

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Refers to the Deeper meaning that lies below the surface of a film's plot

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There are 3

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fundamentals of film form

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The crafted interplay between motion-picture and shadow is defined as

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lighting

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An object, document, or secret within a story that is of vital importance to the characters and motivates their actions, but later turns out to be less significant to the overall narrative than we might have first thought

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MacGuffin

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Content

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is defined as the subject of an artwork

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The process by which the human brain retains an image for a fraction of a second longer than the eye records it

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Persistence of Vision

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Which of the following would not be considered part of a film's form?

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Theme

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A low angle shot can convey a sense of power

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This was seen in Citizen Kane

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An interest or concern for the actual or real is called

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realism

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Occurs when a single light flickers on and off with such speed that the individual pulses of light fuse together to give the illusion of continuous light

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Critical Flicker Fusion

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Cinematic language

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is composed, not of words, but of a myriad of integrated techniques and concepts that connect the viewer to the story while intentionally concealing the means by which it does so.

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Which is not a fundamental of film form?

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Movies provide an illusion of 3D space

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Unbroken spans of action captured by the uninterrupted run of motion-picture camera are called

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shots

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Form

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is defined as the means by which the subject of a film is expressed

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The more patterns meet or go against our expectations, the more likely we are to enjoy a film

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true

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The process by which an agent, structure, or other formal element, whether human or technological, transfers something from one place to another

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Mediation

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The illusion of movement created by events that succeed each other rapidly

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Phi Phenomenon

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The Jazz Singer (1927) is historically significant because it featured several scenes with

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Synchronous Dialogue

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Although a commercial and groundbreaking success, why did The Birth of a Nation (1915) spark nationwide controversy upon its release?

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Its content was overtly racist

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German expressionist film reflected an atmosphere of

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cynicism, alienation, and disillusionment in postwar Germany

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In order to entertain and not provoke its customers, the film industry usually favors stories and themes that

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tap into and reinforce their most fundamental desires and beliefs

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The classical Hollywood style is built upon the principle of

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invisibility

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The development of series photography

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served as the bridge between still photography and cinematography

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The films of French magician and filmmaker Georges Melies are best known for their innovative use of

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special effects

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Four traditional approaches to film history are

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aesthetic, technological, economic, and social

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The joining together of discrete shots is called

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editing

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The manner in which movies from various countries and societies present their narratives is often profoundly affected by

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cultural tradition

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The most important and stylistically influential director during the early years of Hollywood filmmaking was

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D.W. Griffith

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The power of montage, as expressed by Soviet filmmakers of the 1920s lies in its ability to

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manipulate the viewer's perception and understanding

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The social approach to film history attempts to establish a link between motion pictures and

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government, religion, and labor

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The Kinetograph

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was the first motion picture camera

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What does a low-angle shot usually convey when used in a narrative film?

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The dominance or empowered position of a character

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Which film by Soviet director Sergei Eisenstein is considered his most influential and important?

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Battleship Potemkin (1925)

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Which Soviet filmmaker is considered as important and innovative as D.W. Griffith?

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Sergei Eisenstein

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Who is credited with advancing the development of the narrative film and the production of the first \"Western?\"

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Edwin S. Porter

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William Henry Fox Talbot's greatest contribution to photography was

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Fixing an image on transparent material

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A device that projects an exterior image onto one side of a darkened room is called a

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Camera Obscura

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Cinematographer Greg Toland achieved a high degree of cinematic realism in Citizen Kane (1941) through the use of lighting, deep-space composition, and

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Deep Focus Cinematography

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How did the Italian government influence the decline of Italian neorealism?

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Subsidized domestic films that promoted postwar Italy's prosperity.

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In 1934, Joseph Breen became the head of the Production Code Administration

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which was created in 1934 by the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America MPPDA to self-regulate movie content.

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Lev Kuleshov

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was known for a short film that used the juxtaposition of a shot of an expressionless actor against three different unrelated shots The audiences interpretation of the actors state of mind was different for each of the shots

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Not only could the cinematographe operate as a motion picture camera and film printer, it also served as a

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projector

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Which first time filmmaker created a masterpiece that broke many of the cinematic conventions of Hollywood's golden age?

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Orson Welles

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Which popular film genre was most directly influenced by German expressionism?

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Horror

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Thomas Edison is credited with creating the first motion picture studio. It was called the Black Death due to the massive heat levels inside

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False

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The basic lighting set up includes

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3 lights

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In film noir, actors were often

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lit from the back and sides

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A property of a lens that permits the cinematographer to decide what planes or areas of the image will be in focus

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Depth of Field

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Hard and Soft are terms used to describe the

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quality of light

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The smaller the lighting source

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the harder the light

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The luminous energy responsible for the image on the screen

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light

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An intense or dramatic film would benefit from the use of

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Upstage Lighting

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A lighting set up where you have a high level of key light with a very low level of fill (if any) is known as

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low key lighting

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The main visual components of mine en scene are

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Design and Composition

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What does a low-angle shot usually convey when used in a narrative film?

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The dominance or empowered position of a character

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Which of the following lenses would be best for a head shot of an actor?

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135 mm

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A long lens tends to expand the space from the front to the back of the frame

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false

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Lighting ratio refers to the balance of the key light and the back light

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false

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Generally speaking, a production designer would use more diagonal lines if he or she were going for a more visually intense feel

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true

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A film stock's speed refers to its

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sensitivity to light

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A shot

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is the basic building block of a movie

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Adjusting the aperture of a camera lens changes the

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amount of light that passes through the lens

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One camera position and everything associated with it is called

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a set up

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Since 1968, almost all Hollywood feature films have used

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color film stock

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The compositional principle that divides the frame horizontally and vertically in order to visualize the height, width, and depth of cinematic space is called

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The rule of thirds

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The four basic properties of lighting are

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source, quality, direction, and style

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The wide-angle lens

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tends to exaggerate the perceived spatial relationship between the subject and the camera

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To imply that the onscreen world is somehow out of balance filmmakers may photograph a subject with a dutch angle shot

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which tilts the camera from it normal horizontal and vertical position

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In film analysis, the term mise-en-scene refers to

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everything the audience sees, hears, and experiences while viewing a movie

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Of the various elements of composition, which one directly implies a point of view?

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Framing

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The colors and textures of interiors, furniture, draperies, and curtains are aspects of

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decor

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The open frame is generally used in

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verisimilar films

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The organization, distribution, balance and general relationship of actors and objects within the space of each shot is called

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composition

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What are, arguably, the only two fundamental styles of film design?

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Realistic and Fantastic

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When a character in a movie handles a tennis racket, a glass of beer, or a shovel, the object is known as a

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prop

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Expressionism

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was an art movement of the early 20th century which sought to manifest subjective human feelings and emotions through a combination of objective design elements.

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Identify which of the following is NOT a function of a close-up

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it establishes the setting

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How does a split screen differ from parallel editing?

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By telling multiple stories within the same frame

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What is an iris-out

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When the film image closes in on an image with a gradually tightening circle

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The Stanislavsky system of acting trained students to

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understand their characters' background and psychology

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What was the central discovery of Lev Kuleshov

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That two shots need not have any actual relationship to one another to affect the viewer

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When actors are repeatedly given particular kinds of roles based on their looks rather than their talent or experience, they are

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typecast

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Which of the following is NOT considered to be a component of improvisational acting?

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Strict adherence to the screenplay

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What is a jump-cut?

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A cut creating a disorienting ellipsis between two shots caused by the absence of a portion of film that would have provided continuity

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American screen actor Joan Crawford's statement \"A movie star paints with the tiniest brush\" suggests that

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The camera captures an actor's most subtle facial expressions

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What are the fundamental building blocks of continuity editing?

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Master shots and the 180-degree system

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Why did the first screen actors use exaggerated gestures, emphatic expressions, and the mouthing of words to bring their characters to life?

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They were adapting the acting style of 19th century theater

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Charlie Chaplin created his Tramp character

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starting with the costume

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Which of the following constitutes a flashback?

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An interruption of the chronological progression of an action movie to show a tranquil moment from the protagonist's childhood

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What is \"montage\" in Hollywood sense of the word?

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A sequence of shots, often with superimpositions and optical effects, which shows a condensed series of events

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What does transparency mean when used to describe an actor's performance

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The character is so clearly recognizable that the actor becomes invisible

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At one moment in 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), a cut causes an abrupt transition between a shot of a bone thrown in the air by a primitive pre-human and a shot of a spaceship. This cut is shocking and unusual because

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it implies an immense period of elapsed time

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Who has the most control over sculpting an actor's performance?

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The editor

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How does a film editor typically fulfill his or her responsibilities for the spatial relationships between shots

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By placing shots together so that the sense of the overall space suggested on screen shifts and expands

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Which of the following constitutes a cinematic ellipsis?

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A cut between a shot of a woman contemplating diving off the high-dive board and a shot of her emerging from the water

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Carl Theodor Dreyer's The Passion of Joan of Arc (1928) illustrates the power of

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The close-up

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Why are establishing shots particularly important for continuity editing?

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Because they orient the viewer in preparation for the shots that follow

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The Method (or Method acting) did not make a major impact on Hollywood until the 1950s because

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The studios were reliant on the star system and were not interested in the process of acting

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What is parallel editing?

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The cutting together of two or more lines of action that occur simultaneously at different locations

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Which of the following is NOT something the master shot can provide the viewer?

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The next plot point of the film

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Analysis is defined as

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The act of taking something apart to figure out what it is made of and how it fits together

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A shot is best described as

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an unbroken span of action captured by an uninterrupted run of a motion-picture camera

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A term synonymous with the aesthetic approach to film history is the

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Masterpiece approach

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Alternative approaches to film analysis search beneath a movie's form and content in order to expose

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implicit and hidden meanings that inform our understanding of cinema's function within popular culture

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Cuts on Action

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help hide the potentially jarring transition from one shot to another. It is an invaluable tool in editing as it helps maintain visual continuity

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Implicit meaning is best defined as a deep-level association, connection or inference

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Explicit meaning is best defined as meaning available on the surface of the movie

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the four traditional approaches to film history are

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aesthetic, technological, economic, and social

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Three act structure must be followed in order have a good script

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False

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Which is not absolutely necessary for a good story?

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A midpoint climax

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A character's subconscious desire is referred to as their

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need

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Age, IQ, Sex and Sexuality, career, and education are all examples of true character

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False

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Formal analysis is the analytical approach primarily concerned with

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the means by which a subject is expressed

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Of all the arts, cinema seems to rely most heavily on

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technology

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One of the most common editing techniques designed to hide the instantaneous and potentially jarring shift from one camera viewpoint to another is

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cutting on action

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What does a fade-out/fade-in usually convey when used in a narrative film

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A passage of time in between scenes

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If you have multiple protagonists, it is important for them to share similar goals

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true

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The \"bad guy\" in a film is commonly referred to as the

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antagonist

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When we relate to characters on an emotional level and begin to care about them, the screenwriter created what is referred to as

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empathy

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The gradual or sudden change in a character spurred by the pursuit of a goal in the face of conflict is called character

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arc

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What the characters wants in a story is most often associated with the \"A\" story while what they need is more related to the \"B, C, or D\" stories

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true

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which of the following is not one of the three type of conflict discussed in the story notes handout?

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Subtextual

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An early device that was used by early Christians to tell visual stories by projecting images on monastery walls was called

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The Magic Lantern

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Shot in 1912 From the Manger to the Cros

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was one of America's first feature films and was actually shot on location in Egypt

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Many early European Christian films were different than American Christian films in that European films often had elaborate sets and super star casts

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False

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Cecil B. DeMille

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is still regarded as one of the most commercially successful directors of all time having made over 70 feature films. He is also responsible for making some of America's most famous Christian films

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O Brother Where Art Thou was written and directed by

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Joel and Ethan Coen

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The Great Train Robbery helped establish that the shot was the basic unit of a movie and was directed by

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Edwin S. Porter

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Eadweard Muybridge

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is credited with creating the first series of photographs of continuous motion called \"Horse in Motion.\"

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Which of the following is not associated with the silent period and classical Hollywood style?

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The Birth of the Production Code and the \"Hayes Office\"

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Filmmaking is both a spatial and a temporal art form

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true

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