OFL World history unit 5 – Flashcards
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Militarism
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A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war
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Triple alliance
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A military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the years preceding world war 1
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Central powers
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In world war 1, the nations of Germany and Austria-Hungary, along with the other nations that fought on their side
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Allies
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In world war 1, the nations of Great Britain, France, and Russia, along with other nations that fought on their side;also, the group nations-including, Great Britain, Soviet Union and the U.S
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Schlieffen plan
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Germany's military plan at the outbreak of world war 1 , according to which German troops would rapidly defeat France and then move east to attack Russia
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Trench warfare
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A form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battle field
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Unrestricted submarine warfare
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The use of submarines to sink with out warning any ship ( including neutral ships and unarmed passenger liners) found in an enemy's water
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Total warfare
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A conflict In which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort
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Rationing
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The limiting of the amounts of goods people can buy- often imposed by governments during wartime, when goods are in short supply
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Propaganda
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Information or material spread to advance a cause or to damage an opponents cause
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Treaty of Brest-litovsk
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Germany and Russia signed the treaty which ended the war between them
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Self-determination
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The freedom of a people to decide under what form of government they wish to live
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Treaty of versailles
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The peace treaty signed by Germany and the allied powers after world war 1
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Kaiser Wilhelm 2
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The German ruler during world war 1, who wanted to demonstrate German power
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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The heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, who was assassinated in Bosnia in 1914, setting in motion world war 1
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The black hand
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A secret society committed to ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule
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Dardanelles strait
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The narrow sea strait that was the gateway to the ottoman capital, Constantinople
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Arthur Zimmerman
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Germany's foreign secretary who sent a note to Mexican officials,stating that they would help them "reconquer" Mexican land lost to the U.S., if Mexico would ally with Germany in world war 1
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Woodrow Wilson
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President of the United States during world war 1; he was part of the big four, - group who made most of the decisions during the Paris Peace Conference
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George Clemenceau
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Leader of France during world war 1; was part of the Big Four during the Paris Peace conference; wanted to punish Germany for the war
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Fourteen points
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A series of peace proposals, drawn up by President Wilson, which outlined a plan for achieving a just and lasting peace
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Armistice
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An agreement to stop fighting
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Lusitania
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A British passenger ship sunk by a German U-boat, or submarine; 1,198 people died, including 128 U.S citizens
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Explain how nationalism, imperialism, and militarism led to tension among European powers
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Nationalism brought competition for materials and markets. In imperialism, the quest for colonies sometimes pushed European nations to the brink of war. In militarism growling rivalries and mutual mistrust had led to the creation of several military alliances
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What did Russia do in response to Austria declaring war on Serbia? How did it affect Germany?
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Russia, Serbia's ally, began moving its army toward the Russian-Austrian border. To Germany, Russia's mobilization amounted to declaration of war. On August 1, the German government declared war on Russia
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Describe the circumstances surrounding the United States entering war
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By the time the United States joined the allies, the war had been raging for nearly three years. In those three years, Europe had lost more men in battle than in all the wars of the previous three centuries. The war had claimed the lives of millions and had changed countless lives forever
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Describe the outcome of the treaty of Versailles
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The settlements of Versailles represented, as an observer noted,"a peace built on quicksand." Indeed, that quicksand eventually would give way. In a little more than two decades, the treaties' legacy of bitterness would help plunge the world into another catastrophic war
