AP World History Ch 9 ID’s – Flashcards
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Kushan Kingdom
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many wars happened and there were many rulers; the people benefitted from the trade that passed through their land, mostly from Romans and Chinese on the Silk Road
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The Periplus
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an account of a Greek seafarer's travels down the coast of Cape Guardafui at the tip of the Horn of Africa to the Strait of Madagascar
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Kanishka
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Greatest of the Kushan emperors
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Silk Road
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an ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean (4,000 miles)
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Fa Xian and Xuan Zang
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A Chinese Buddhist monk, who went on a pilgrimage to India and spent several years reporting the conditions in the kingdom of Mathura, and a chinese monk who brought back thousands of Buddhist scriptures and made Buddhism widely known
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Pataliputra
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The captial of both Muryan and Gupta empires
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Gupta Dynasty
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(C.E. 320-500) Family who ruled india in its golden age with major advances in science, art, and literature
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Chandragupta 1 and 2
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the founder of the Maurya Empire. Chandragupta succeeded in bringing together most of the Indian subcontinent. As a result, Chandragupta is considered the first unifier of India and the first genuine emperor of India. His son kept on the golden age
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Bamiyan Buddhas
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Extensive cave complex, which contained over a thousand frescoes and statues of various sizes, was a major religious center in Central Asia. In 2001, it was blown up by Muslim extremists.
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Nirvana
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in Buddhism, the release from pain and suffering achieved after enlightenment, under went a change during this time period from being "non-exsiting" to " Paradise"
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Theravada
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one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing personal salvation through your own efforts, was called the "Lesser Vehicle" and was the traditional buddhist way.
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Mahayana
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one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing a common search for universal salvation especially through faith alone, was called the "Greater Vehicle"
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Hinayana
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an offensive name for Theravada Buddhism
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Bodhisattva
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a person who has attained enlightenment but who has postponed nirvana in order to help others achieve enlightenment
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bhakti
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Loving devotion to a deity leading to salvation and Nirvana
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Hindu Kush
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a mountain range extending west of the Himalayas
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Mahmud of Ghazni
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Third ruler of Turkish slave dynasty in Afghanistan; led invasions of northern India; credited with sacking one of wealthiest of Hindu temples in northern India; gave Muslims reputation for intolerance and aggression.
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Rajputs
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Members of a mainly Hindu warrior caste from northwest India. The Mughal emperors drew most of their Hindu officials from this caste, and Akbar I married a Rajput princess.
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Cholas and Pandyas
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Southern Indian Hindu kingdom a tightly centralized state that dominated sea trade, and a western kingdom but waring before the Delhi Sulfate
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Tughluq Dynasty
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(1320-1413) a islamic state that emerged from the break up of the mongols
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Delhi Sultanate
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created by the Sultan Mahmud; lasted from 1206 CE to 1526 CE; the first Muslim empire in India
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Tamerlane
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Mongolian ruler of Samarkand who led his nomadic hordes to conquer an area from Turkey to Mongolia (1336-1405)
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Samarkand
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During the rule of Timerlane was the most influential captial city, a wealthy trading center known for decorated mosques and tombs.
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Sudra/Untouchables
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the lowest of the four varnas: the servants and workers of low status
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Purdah
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the traditional Middle Eastern custom of seclusion for women
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Devi
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The mother goddess of Hinduism. The worship of this deity encouraged new emotionalism in the religion.
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Nanak and Sikhism
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Indian religious leader who founded Sikhism in dissent from the caste system of Hinduism, the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam
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Deccan Plateau
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A high area of land at the center of the Indian subcontinent.
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Parsis
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Persian Zoroastrians who fled to India, they became a major economic force in Mumbai
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Jains
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An Indian religious community that teaches compassion for all beings and non violence
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Ajanta Caves
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caves in central India; site of marvelous early frescoes inspired by Buddhism
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Rock Paintings at Sigiriya
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5trh century royal places in Sri Lanka paintings
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Mamallapuram
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Also known as Mahabalipuram; has impressive rock carvings in its cave temples and is just south of modern Madras.
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Khajurao
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located in Madhya Pradesh, is a city with unique temple architecture.
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Kalidasa's The Cloud Messenger
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a famous poet who most likey wrote for Chandragupta II and wrote this famous poem
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Dandin's The Ten Princes
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One of the greatest indian writers who wrote this famous story
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Shakuntala
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most famous playwrite, written by Kalidasa, about love between a king and a forest maiden
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Nada, Raga, and Sitar
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vibrations of music, indian music scale and indian string instrument
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Angkor
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Southeast Asian Khmer kingdom that was centered on the temple cities of Ankor Thom and Angkor Wat.
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Angkor Thom
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built by buddhist ruler, new city district founded by Jayavarman VII to provide religious protection for Khmer capital 5 gates temple at center.
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Malay Peninsula
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a peninsula in southeastern Asia occupied by parts of Malaysia and Thailand and Myanmar
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Indonesian Peninsula
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Similar to malay peninsula
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Pagan
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A burmese kingdom founded and 100 C.E., was conquered by the mongols ~1200
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Srivijaya
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A state based on the Indonesian island of Sumatra, between the seventh and eleventh centuries C.E. It amassed wealth and power by a combination of selective adaptation of Indian technologies and concepts, and control of trade routes.
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Majapahit
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13th-16th C.E. central Java, rose in the wake of mongol invasions. biggest and most powerful Asian island state in history. control almost all of what is today indonesia. golden age of Java culture.
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Strait of Sundra and the Strait of Malacca
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Body of water that is between Srivijaya and Java , Body of water connecting the Indian and Pacific Ocean near Singapore
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Kampongs
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villages built on stilts (traditional Malay housing style
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Borobudur Temple
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The most famous Buddhist temple at Borobudur.
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Angkor Wat
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a temple complex built in the Khmer Empire and dedicated to the Hindu God, Vishnu.
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Thervada Buddhism
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This form of buddism was very popular with southeastern asia.
