American History Chapter 13 – Flashcards
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Trappers and explorers in the rocky mountains
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Mountain men
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Why did Marcus and Narcissa Whitman travel the Oregon Trail?
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The Whitmans moved to Oregon to convert Native American tribes to Christianity.
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Setup that brought trappers together with businessmen from the east
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Rendezvous
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Why did the Mormons migrate west to Utah?
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To escape persecution for their religious and personal beliefs.
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Who led the Mormons after Joseph Smith was killed in Illinois?
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Brigham Young
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Despite the dry climate, how did the Mormons create a thriving community near the Great Salt Lake?
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They built dams and canals for irrigation.
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What did Stephen Austin's father, Moses hope to create in Texas?
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He hoped to create a colony for Americans in Spanish Texas.
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What were the original American settlers in Texas called?
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The old 300
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Why did the Spanish offer huge amounts of land to empresarios?
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To defend the land from hostile Native Americans.
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What did Santa Anna do when he heard of Mexican troops being forced out of Gonzales and San Antonio?
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He and 6,000 troops headed north to put down the revolt in Tejas.
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Who was placed in command of the Texan Army?
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Sam Houston (Houston Texas)
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Who was Juan Seguin?
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He was a Tejano that led a band of 25 in support of the revolt against Santa Anna.
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In 1844, who was the Democratic Presidential Candidate committed to national expansion?
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James K. Polk
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What does Manifest Destiny mean?
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It is the belief that the United States was meant to expand from coast to coast.
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What became the nickname for the Republic of Texas?
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Lone Star Republic
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What was the Democrat's slogan toward Great Britain's claim to Oregon?
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"Fifty-four forty or Fight"
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In 1844, what other country had claimed the Oregon Territory besides the US?
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Great Britain
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Why was the United States eager to compromise with Great Britain over the Oregon Territory?
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A compromise was made since a war with Mexico was likely.
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Why wasn't Texas immediately annexed into the United States?
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Many people thought and feared that Texas would allow slaves and upset the balance between "free" and "slave" states.
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After diplomacy failed with Mexico over a border dispute, how did the President try to force the issue?
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Polk ordered General Zachary Taylor to station 3,500 troops on the north bank of the Rio Grande.
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Which American general captured Mexico City?
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Winfield Scott
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What 1848 treaty ended the Mexican-American War?
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The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
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What were those who went to California in search of Gold called?
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49ers
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Describe the 3 ways one could journey to California from the East.
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a. Sail the coast and cross the Isthmus of Panama b. Sail around South America and then north to the Pacific Coast c. Take a wagon train across the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains
