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adaptation

answer

A changing to fit new conditions

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administrative

answer

Consists of those rules and procedures established by regulatory agencies.

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Afro-Eurasia

answer

The largest landmass on earth. Consist of Africa and Europe and parts of Asia. Africa, Europe, Asia, also known as the Old World

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Agrarian

answer

Concerning farms, farmers, or the use of land

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animism

answer

Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life.

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array

answer

1. A large group of people or things. 2. An orderly arrangement or display. 3. To place in order. 4. To dress up.

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artisan

answer

A person who is skillful with his/her hands A skilled craftsperson

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austerity

answer

Condition of lacking pleasure or luxury Great self-denial, economy, discipline; lack of adornment

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autocracy

answer

A system of government in which the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual

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buoyed

answer

float on surface of water

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bureaucracy

answer

A system of managing government through departments run by appointed officials

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caesaropapism

answer

Concept relating to the mixing of political and religious authority, as with the Roman emperors, that was central to the church versus state controversy in medieval Europe.

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caravan

answer

A group of traders traveling together

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cartography

answer

science or art of making maps

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cash crop

answer

a readily salable crop that is grown and gathered for the market (as vegetables or cotton or tobacco)

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caste

answer

A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life

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chattel slavery

answer

Ownership of human beings; a system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought as sold like property.

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civilization

answer

A society with cities, a central government, job specialization, and social classes

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classical period

answer

...

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codification

answer

The act or process of rendering laws in written form

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coerced

answer

to compel by force, intimidation, or authority

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coercive labor

answer

Any labor system that involves force (slavery, serfdom, and indentured labor)

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colonial

answer

Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.

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Columbian exchange

answer

An exchange of goods, ideas and skills from the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) to the New World (North and South America) and vice versa.

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Commercial

answer

A dramatic change in the economy of Europe at the end of the Middle Ages. It is characterized by an increase in towns and trade, the use of banks and credit, and the establishment of guilds to regulate quality and price.

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Commodities

answer

Exports

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conduit

answer

A means of transmitting information

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Consequences

answer

Effects that follow a response

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consolidation

answer

Combined and improve efficiency

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continuity

answer

Emphasizes gradual and quantitative changes

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convergence

answer

Coming together

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corporal punishment

answer

Any type of pain inflicted short of death; common methods include crucifixion, whipping, torture, mutilation, branding, and caning. Many tortures were used to extract a "confession" from the accused.

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cross-cultural

answer

investigates the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures and ethnic groups

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Crusades

answer

1096 Christian Europe aim to reclaim Jerusalem and aid they Byzantines; 1st success and the rest a failure; weakens the Byzantines; opens up trade

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cultivation

answer

(agriculture) production of food by preparing the land to grow crops

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dar al-Islam

answer

an Arabic term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule

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decentralized

answer

To distribute the administrative functions or powers of (a central authority) among several local authorities

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demographic

answer

THE STATISTICAL STUDY OF HUMAN POPULATIONS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR SIZE, DENSITY, DISTRIBUTION, COMPOSITION, AND INCOME.

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depletion

answer

Process of allocating the cost of natural resources to periods when they are consumed and sold.

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diaspora

answer

A Greek word meaning 'dispersal,' used to describe the communities of a given ethnic group living outside their homeland. Jews, for example, spread from Israel to western Asia and Mediterranean lands in antiquity and today can be found in other places.

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diffusion

answer

Is the process by which a characteristic spreads

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dispersed

answer

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

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dissemination

answer

The act of spreading widely; scattering

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distinctive

answer

of a feature that helps to distinguish a person or thing

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diversity

answer

(n.) difference, variety; a condition of having many different types of forms

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divine

answer

Of, or pertaining to, God.

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divinity

answer

a god or goddess; a divine being

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domestic

answer

not international

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domesticated

answer

brought under human control; tamed or cultivated

question

economic revolution

answer

growth of towns and the rise of a class of wealthy merchants in Europe; population remains mostly rural and poor; increased wealth of nation; creation of national identity

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egalitarian

answer

Affirming, promoting, or characterized by belief in equal political, economic, social, and civil rights for all people.

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egalitarianism

answer

A belief in the equality of all people

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elite

answer

(n.) the choice part of a group of people or things; (adj.) superior

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empire

answer

A group of states or territories controlled by one ruler

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empirical

answer

of an empire

question

enclave

answer

(n.) an enclosed district, region, or area inhabited by a particular group of people or having a special character

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endemic

answer

belonging to a particular area; inherent

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epidemic

answer

A widespread outbreak of an infectious disease.

question

ethical

answer

(adj.) Having to do with morals, values, right and wrong; in accordance with standards of right conduct; requiring a prescription for purchase

question

exalt

answer

to raise high; glorify

question

exemplify

answer

To illustrate by example; to serve as a good example

question

exploit

answer

(v.) to make use of, develop; to make improper use of for personal profit; (n.) a feat, deed

question

facilitated

answer

...

question

feudalism

answer

A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land

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filial

answer

Having to do with a son

question

filial piety

answer

In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors

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financial

answer

Fiscal

question

flora and fauna

answer

all vegetation and animal life

question

flourish

answer

N. AN EMBELLISHMENT OR ORNAMENTATION, V. MEANING TO GROW VIGOROUSLY, OR TO THRIVE

question

fluctuate

answer

To change continually; to move up and down

question

foraging

answer

the act of searching for food and provisions

question

fortification

answer

A term used generally to describe the process of adding nutrients to foods, such as the addition of vitamin D to milk.

question

globalization

answer

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

question

governance

answer

divided government

question

hegemony

answer

the domination of one state or group over its allies

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Hellenistic

answer

A cultural blend, under Alexander's policies, of Greek, Persian, Indian, and Egyptian. Koine was the popular spoken language used in these cities.

question

hemisphere

answer

Half of a sphere

question

hierarchical

answer

A form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or peoples.

question

imperial

answer

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.

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implications

answer

Possible conclusions

question

imposition

answer

An unwelcome demand; a burden

question

indigenous

answer

Living, growing, or produced naturally in a particular place; native

question

influx

answer

a mass arrival or incoming

question

infrastructure

answer

Fundamental facilities and systems serving a country, city, or area, as transportation and communication systems, power plants, and schools

question

innovation

answer

An improvement of an existing technological product, system, or method of doing something.

question

integrate

answer

To end separation of different races and bring into equal membership in society

question

intensification

answer

The process of getting more in return for less. For example growing more food on a smaller plot of land.

question

interactions

answer

All the living and nonliving relationships that exist with an ecosystem

question

interconnection

answer

-people, countries, and the entire world are interconnected economically (one's decision to drink a cup of coffee traces back to coffee farmers in Colombia)

question

intercultural

answer

Communication among people with differing cultural backgrounds

question

interior

answer

Area away from the coast Cabinet department responsible for the management of public lands, wildlife, natural resources, and Native American affairs. Established in 1849

question

interregional

answer

Permanent movement from one region of a country to another.

question

kinship

answer

A social bond based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption

question

legitimize

answer

To give credit or recognition to

question

lineage

answer

Group claiming a common ancestor

question

linguistic

answer

Study of Language

question

literary

answer

appropriate to literature rather than everyday speech or writing

question

Mamluks

answer

Under the Islamic system of military slavery, Turkic military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid Caliphate of the ninth and tenth centuries. Mamluks eventually founded their own state, ruling Egypt and Syria (1250-1517)

question

manifestation

answer

an indication or sign of a condition

question

manorialism

answer

An economic system based on the manor and lands including a village and surrounding acreage which were administered by a lord. It developed during the Middle Ages to increase agricultural production.

question

maritime

answer

A humid air mass that forms over oceans.

question

mercantile

answer

dealing with trade

question

mercantalism

answer

Economic system of trading nations; belief that a nation's power was directly related to its wealth

question

metallurgy

answer

The science and technology of metals (part of 1st agricultural rev.) technique or science of working or heating metals so as to give them certain desired shapes or properties. Predates plant and animal domestication (e.g., gold, silver, copper, tin, iron,...).

question

migration

answer

Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location.

question

missionary

answer

A person of a particular faith that travels in order to recruit new members into the faith represented

question

monastic

answer

A way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith

question

monasticism

answer

A way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith

question

monetization

answer

establishing something (e.g. gold or silver) as the legal tender of a country

question

monogamy

answer

A form of marriage in which one woman and one man are married only to each other.

question

monopoly

answer

(economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller

question

monotheism

answer

Belief in one god

question

monsoon

answer

A regional scale wind system that predictably change direction with the passing of the seasons. These winds blow from land to sea in the winter, and from sea to land in the summer. In summer they are often accompanied with precipitation.

question

monumental

answer

Massive, very great, very important

question

nascent

answer

starting to develop; coming into existence

question

obligation

answer

A legal or moral responsibility or duty

question

papacy

answer

The central administration of the Roman Catholic Church, of which the pope is the head.

question

pastoralism

answer

A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food, clothing, and shelter.

question

pathogen

answer

A disease causing agent

question

patriarchal

answer

Dominated by men

question

peopling

answer

Immigration and Migration - Changes in birth, marriage, and death rates; life expectancy and family patterns

question

persist

answer

refusing to give up

question

plague

answer

(n.) an easily spread disease causing a large number of deaths; a widespread evil; (v.) to annoy or bother

question

polytheism

answer

Belief in many gods

question

predate

answer

come before

question

prestige

answer

High standing; respect earned by accomplishments

question

proliferation

answer

An increase in number, multiplication

question

propaganda

answer

Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause.

question

prosperity

answer

(noun) wealth, success

question

ravage

answer

(v.) to destroy, lay waste, ruin; (n.) ruinous damage, destruction

question

reconnaissance

answer

(n.) a survey made for military purposes; any kind of preliminary inspection or examinatio

question

reconstituted

answer

reconstructed, reorganized

question

reformation

answer

..., a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches

question

regional

answer

An element in literature that conveys a realistic portrayal of a specific geographical locale, using the locale and its influences as a major part of the plot.

question

reign

answer

(1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed for "disloyalty"

question

renaissance

answer

1350-1550

question

revenue

answer

An increase in owner's equity resulting from the operation of a business

question

reverence

answer

Deep respect felt or shown towards a person on account of his or her position or relationship.

question

schism

answer

(n.) a formal split within a religious organization; any division or separation of a group or organization into hostile factions

question

secular

answer

Non-religious

question

Shamanism

answer

A community Faith where the people followed Shaman - small and isolated - traditional religions

question

Social structure

answer

How human beings are organized in a society. There is often a hierarchy (Rich, Middle Class, Poor as an example or Noble, Freeborn and Peasant as another) which forms layers—the most powerful on top, the less powerful towards the bottom. Feudalism is a social structure, with a King on top, a small layer of Nobles, a layer of Knights, a layer of Clergy (churchmen) and finally a large population of Peasants.

question

staple crops

answer

Crops that are always needed

question

stimulated

answer

Gave an incentive to

question

stratification

answer

A structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in a society.

question

stratified

answer

...

question

subsequently

answer

later; afterward; next

question

surplus

answer

A situation in which quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded

question

syncretic

answer

Traditions that borrow from both the past and present

question

synthesized

answer

made by bringing together different elements

question

tax farming

answer

To generate money for territorial expansion rulers used new methods to get money like Tribute systems and _____ _____. Under this system the government hires private individuals to go out and collect taxes for them.

question

textiles

answer

Fabrics that are woven or knitted; material for clothing

question

theocracy

answer

A government controlled by religious leaders

question

trans

answer

movement from one place to another

question

transformed

answer

Changed in appearance given a completely different form or appearance

question

transoceanic

answer

situated on the other side of the ocean; crossing the ocean

question

trans regional

answer

across several geographic regions

question

tribute

answer

Money paid for protection

question

unprecedented

answer

Happening for the first time, never heard of before

question

urbanization

answer

An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in urban settlements.

question

vassal

answer

(n.) a person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he or she owes allegiance; a subordinate or dependent; a servant; (adj.) subservient

question

veneration

answer

Honor, profound respect

question

vermin

answer

Any of various small animals or insects that are pests

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