World History Test – Renaissance, Reformation, Revolution – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
What is humanism?
answer
The belief in human potential and achievements.
question
This man is credited with making the first printing press.
answer
Gutenberg
question
Queen Elizabeth I supported the arts largely through buying art. This allowed _______ to greatly influence the world today.
answer
Shakespeare
question
What city was the center of the Renaissance?
answer
Florence, Italy
question
What type of art was the focus of the Renaissance?
answer
Realism
question
The Renaissance believers thought that people should return to the basics of what culture(s)?
answer
Greece and Rome
question
Name three Renaissance artists:
answer
Raphael, Michelangelo, Da Vinci, Donatello
question
What language became the language of literature?
answer
Vernacular
question
The ________ family was at the beginning of the Renaissance.
answer
Medici
question
Why was Italy the home of the Renaissance?
answer
Trade Routes between Middle East and Europe, Church headquarters
question
Who led the split away from the Catholic Church in England?
answer
Henry VIII
question
What was the Philosophy of the Reformation and why?
answer
People began to question the long held beliefs
question
This englishman spoke up against the King trying to split from the church.
answer
Thomas More
question
Why did England split from the church?
answer
The King wanted a male heir so he needed to divorce his wife
question
What country did the Protestant reformation start in?
answer
Germany
question
Name 3 causes of the Protestant reformation
answer
Disapproved of the sale of indulgences, criticisms of the Catholic church, political leaders challenging the Pope for power
question
Luther wanted to change what about the language of the church?
answer
the Spoken language of the people
question
How was the printing press crucial to Martin Luther?
answer
He could spread his beliefs more efficiently
question
What did the Peace of Westphalia do?
answer
It ended religious wars in Europe
question
What did the edict of Worms declare?
answer
Luther was a heretic and no one should have contact with him
question
Social Contract
answer
When people agree to obey the ruler of their country in return for law and order/the ruler will do what is within the best interest of the people
question
Constitutional Monarchy
answer
The idea that power should be shared between a monarch and parliament
question
What were Locke's beliefs?
answer
Democracy would be the best form of government and government would get the consent to rule from the people.
question
What were Voltaire's beliefs?
answer
Freedom of thought (speech/religion)
question
Whose beliefs gave the US the basis for the separation of powers?
answer
Montesquieu
question
What were Rousseau's beliefs?
answer
Individual liberties: life, liberty, property and the pursuit of happiness
question
The system of government that Hobbes thought would work best because it would provide law and order was ________
answer
Absolutism (King or Queen)
question
Divine rights
answer
Believing you get the power to rule from God
question
Mary Wollenstonecraft's beliefs were ___________
answer
That men and women are created equal, therefore women need to be educated and given a place in government
question
What was the french word for philosophers during the enlightenment?
answer
Philosophes
question
What did King Louis the XVI do that caused the french to revolt?
answer
spent too much money on wars, housing, feasts, and his wife
question
Who led the largest slave revolt in history?
answer
Toussaint L'Ouverture
question
Who was Louis (XVI)'s wife?
answer
Marie Antoinette
question
Who made up the third estate?
answer
Merchants, workers, and peasants (farmers)
question
After Robespierre died and there were 5 years of turmoil, who came to power?
answer
Napoleon Bonaparte
question
Name 3 political ways of thinking during the revolutions:
answer
conservative, radical, liberal
question
Why was the execution of Charles I important?
answer
It was the first time a king had been brought to trial, found guilty, and killed
question
The time in which the committee of public safety tried to ensure the safety of all France was called _________
answer
The reign of terror
question
Who lead the revolts in South America?
answer
Simon Bolivar
question
What did Miguel Hidalgo do before leading the Mexican revolution?
answer
He was a priest
question
Who developed the Heliocentric theory?
answer
Nicolaus Copernicus
question
What is the Heliocentric Theory?
answer
the theory that the earth rotates around the sun
question
The Scientific method
answer
identify a problem, make a hypothesis, test with experimentation, make a conclusion
question
Who discovered gravity?
answer
Isaac Newton
question
What were the causes of the Scientific Revolution?
answer
People began to question the status quo, increased education, exploration
question
what was the geocentric theory?
answer
the belief that earth is the center of the universe and everything surrounds it
question
What did Descartes help develop?
answer
the scientific method
question
Who discovered chemistry?
answer
Boyle
question
What country was Fahrenheit from?
answer
Germany
question
What country was Celsius from?
answer
Sweden
question
Describe two ways in which Ivan the Terrible was terrible:
answer
he killed many of his followers, hurt animals, and killed his eldest son
question
What men were responsible for uniting Italy?
answer
Camillo Di Cavour, and Giuseppe Garibaldi
question
who were the peninsulares?
answer
Spanish people in Latin America that were born in Spain
question
Why did some russians want serfdom to go away?
answer
it was immoral and holding back Russia economically
question
What leader westernized Russia
answer
Peter the Great
question
Who unified Germany?
answer
Otto Van Bismarck
question
What's another word for Kaiser?
answer
Emperor
question
What is nationalism?
answer
The idea that people should be loyal to their country before their leader
question
Who was on top of social structure in Latin America?
answer
the peninsulares
question
Who ruled Spain when it was at it's height? (one of the largest empires in the world)
answer
Phillip II
