US History Chapter 22 – Flashcards
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Anschluss
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union of Austria and Germany
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appeasement
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attempt to satisfy a dictator by giving into his demands
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blitzkrieg
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"lightning war"
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fascism
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nationalistic, totalitarian mass movement
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Holocaust
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The massacre of millions of Jews and others the Nazis considered "lesser peoples"
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internment
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placement of people in detention camps
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island hopping
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Allied strategy for the defeat of Japan
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kamikaze
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Japanese suicide pilot
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rationing
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government limitations on the purchase of scarce goods
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Wehrmacht
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German army
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Adolf Hitler
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Dictator of Germany
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Benito Mussolini
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Dictator of fascist Italy
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Hideki Tojo
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military head of Japan
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Joseph Stalin
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Communist dictator of the Soviet Union
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Neville Chamberlin
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British champion of appeasement
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Winston Churchill
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British Prime Minister
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Wendell Willkie
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Republican candidate for president in 1940
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Franklin Roosevelt
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U.S. president during most of World War II
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Dwight Eisenhower
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Supreme Allied Commander in Europe
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Harry Truman
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U.S. President at the close of World War II
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Lend-Lease Act
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This act empowered the President to supply any Allied nation on almost any terms he wished
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Atlantic Charter
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Agreement between Churchill and Roosevelt listed their "common principles" and goals in the war effort
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Normandy
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Allied Expeditionary Force landed in this area of Northern France in 1944
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Battle of the Bulge
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Winter battle when the Nazis counterattacked against the Allied invasion of Europe which almost stopped the advancement into Germany
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Poland
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Which country did German soldiers invade, begining World War II?
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Mein Kampf
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Hitler's book proposed: 1. eliminate all laws 2. end democracy in Germany 3. create a new German order
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German occupation of Rhineland
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First event to occur by the Germans
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The German invastion of Poland
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What sparked World War II?
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Air combat over England
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What type of warfare wasthe Battle of Britain?
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Neutrality Act of 1939
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Requirment that warring nations purchase weaponary from the United States on a cash basis and carry it on their own ships
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Charles Lindbergh
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American hero who became a leading spokesman for isolationism
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1. Freedom of Speech 2. Freedom of Worship 3. Freedom from Want 4. Freedom from Fear
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Roosevelt's four freedoms
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Douglas MacArthur
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commander of the Allied forces in the Far East
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Attack on Pear Harbor by Japan
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This event brought the US into World War II
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Chester Nimitz
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American admiral commanding the U.S. forces at the Battle of Midway
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1. National debt 2. Working Women 3. Taxes
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Americans saw an increase in the following categories durng the war.
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Rosie the Riveter
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symbolized working women during World War II
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Erwin Rommel
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Famous "Desert Fox"
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North Africa
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American forces fight the Germans here
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Bernard Montgomery
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British Commander helped todefeat the Germans in North Africa
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1. The force of tradtion returned America to an isolationist foreign policy 2. The resentment over war debts spurred the tendency toward isolationsim 3. The Great Depression kept the focus on domestic rather than international concerns. 4. Many Americans did not think the US was threatened or had any compelling national interest in the affairs occruing in Europe or Asia
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Why did the US stay out of the war for so long?
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1. The Japanese did not succeed in sinking the American aircraft carries because they were on manuevers and not present in the harbor at the time of the attack. 2. Following during the war, air craft carries proved to be the decisive factor in allowing the US to achieve superiority. 3. The Japanese attack united the American nation in their desire to enter and win the war. This was evident when a leading Japanese officer said they had awakened a "sleeping giant"
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Why was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor a failure?
