Unit 1 AP World History – Chart Civilizations – Flashcards
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Politics - Ancient Mesopotamia
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had divine Kings and Priests with massive burial tombs; lots of wealth
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Economics - Ancient Mesopotamia
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earliest cuneiform/writing was accounting, suggests that trade was very common; Sumerian traders traveled by land, river, and sea in wheeled carts and sailboats: traded wood, stone, metal, and food
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Religion - Ancient Mesopotamia
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"Divine" Kings and priests were powerful and worshiped; polytheistic group: worships many gods; patron gods
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Social - Ancient Mesopotamia
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Hammurabi's Code: book of laws, had different laws for people of different classes; gender roles: patriarchal
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Intellectual - Ancient Mesopotamia
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world's first writing system: cuneiform: pictograms: little pictures evolve into phonetics/sounds; accurate calendar based on lunar months where they could predict the onset of seasons and prepare for planting and harvesting; wheeled carts and sailboats
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Artistic - Ancient Mesopotamia
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ziggurats: towers used to get closer to the gods; Epic of Gilgamesh - heroic leader of Uruk visits the underworld; terra cotta, clay, bas relief
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Nature - Ancient Mesopotamia
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"Fertile Crescent" which is between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
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Political - Neolithic Humans
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more rigid hierarchies: social classes, non-equal wealth
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Economic - Neolithic Humans
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agriculture; pastoralism; hunting and gathering
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Religion - Neolithic Humans
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more established beliefs, institutionalized
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Social - Neolithic Humans
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100's to 1,000's in population; Labor Division hierarchies; gender roles; patriarchal
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Intellectual - Neolithic Humans
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more advanced tools --> new stone age
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Artistic - Neolithic Humans
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more sophisticated engraving, pictorals, sculpting, carvings, etc.
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Nature - Neolithic Humans
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farms; livestock
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Political - Indus Valley
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efficient leadership
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Economic - Indus Valley
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farmed (probably traded cotton)
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Religion - Indus Valley
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lack of burial tombs
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Social - Indus Valley
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40,000+ population
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Intellectual - Indus Valley
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created their own writing system(currently indecipherable); brick with squares in middle made wall building, repair, and movement easy; sewage pipes, waste chutes, water wells, grid oriented streets
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Artistic - Indus Valley
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created pottery
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Nature - Indus Valley
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located on and benefited from the Indus River
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Political - Ancient Egypt
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"god-like" pharaohs and officials; being a scribe was very prestigious; more respect for women
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Religion - Ancient Egypt
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over 700 pharaohs; important views of afterlife; mummification; polytheistic; anthropomorphic
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Social - Ancient Egypt
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had a diverse population of different races and skin tones
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Intellectual - Ancient Egypt
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Obelisk with hieroglyphic writing; Book of the Dead (Ten Commandments); papyrus paper
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Egyptian Old Kingdom
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capital at Memphis; pyramids, famous monuments
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Egyptian Middle Kingdom
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growth prosperity; capital moved to Thebes
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Egyptian New Kingdom
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famous Pharaohs (Ramses II, Tut); foreign invasions
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Political - Chinese History
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Xia: Earliest dynasty; legendary because of Yu the Great who tamed yellow river Shang: took over after Xia and used family members because of trust issues Zhou: long lasting; cultural; people put to death and beheaded for unknown reasons
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Religion - Chinese History
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"Mandate of Heaven" which says gods control who rules the land
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Social - Chinese History
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very patriarchal: men are doing work while women are tied to their homes
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Intellectual - Chinese History
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terracing and hydraulics: created pumps, bamboo piping to water rice fields; oracle bones which predict anything
