U.S history chapter 13 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
manifest destiny
answer
a belief shared by many Americans in the mid-1800s that the United States should expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean
question
empire of liberty
answer
people believed that manifest destiny was to take over Canada, Mexico, Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
question
Stephen Austin
answer
led the second and ultimately successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States.
question
Antonio Lopez De Santa Anna
answer
Mexican president who led an army against Texas
question
the Alamo
answer
old Spanish mission that is remembered for the battle fought their for Texas' independence
question
Davy Crockett
answer
famous hero who fought at the Alamo and died
question
Sam Houston
answer
U.S. politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States
question
Battle of San Jacinto
answer
final battle of the Texas Revolution; resulted in the defeat of the Mexican army and independence for Texas
question
the Oregon trail
answer
Hundreds of thousands of settlers traveled west by wagon trains across this path to the Pacific coast
question
James K. Polk
answer
wanted to settle Oregon boundary dispute with Britain, wanted to aquire California and wanted to incorrperate Texas into union.
question
fifty-four forty or fight
answer
A slogan that refers to the latitude 54-40, the northern limit of the disputed Oregon territory between America and the British.
question
Zachary Taylor
answer
Whig president who nearly destroyed the Compromise of 1850 before he died in office
question
John C. Fremont
answer
Presidential nominee for Republicans in election of 1856, founded and explored california in preceding decades.
question
Winfield Scott
answer
United States general who was a hero of the War of 1812 and who defeated Santa Anna in the Mexican War
question
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
answer
Treaty that ended the Mexican War, granting the U.S. control of Texas, New Mexico, and California in exchange for $15 million
question
Wilmot Proviso
answer
Bill that would ban slavery in the territories acquired after the War with Mexico
question
Squatter Sovereignty
answer
Allowed people of the territory to decide the status of slavery there; later named popular sovereignty
question
Free-Soil Party
answer
political party dedicated to stopping the expansion of slavery
question
California Gold Rush
answer
Migration of thousands of people to California (in 1849) after gold was discovered there
question
The Compromise of 1850
answer
series of bills that wanted to resolve the territorial and slavery controversies, a victory of self interest
question
Stephen A. Douglas
answer
a senator from Illinois proposed breaking up the "omnibus bill"
question
Fugitive Slave Act
answer
Law that provided for harsh treatment for escaped slaves and for those who helped them
question
Transcontinental Railroad
answer
a railroad that connected the eastern United States to the western United States. The railroad firmly bonded the West Coast the Union, created a trade route to the far-east, and helped the western expansion
question
Jefferson Davis
answer
an American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865.
question
Kansas-Nebraska Act
answer
gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty.
question
Bleeding Kansas
answer
A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery elements that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory. The dispute further strained the relations of the North and South, making civil war imminent.
question
John Brown
answer
attempted to create a major revolt among the slaves
question
Charles Summer
answer
senator who made speech criticizing proslavery senators
question
"Free Labor"
answer
System of work in which employees have the right to leave their employer and their job for better opportunities
question
Republican Party
answer
It emerged in the 1850s as an antislavery party and consisted of former northern Whigs and antislavery Democrats.
question
James Buchanan
answer
American politician and 15th president of the US. He was chosen as the Democratic nominee for president in 1856 for being politically experienced and not offensive to slave states.
question
Dred Scott vs. Sandford
answer
1857 Supreme Court decision that stated that slaves were not citizens; that living in a free state or territory, even for many years, did not free slaves; and declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional
question
Roger Taney
answer
chief justice of the supreme court who wrote an opinion in the 1857 Dred Scott case that declared the Missouri compromise unconstitutional
question
Abraham Lincoln
answer
successful lawyer who wanted to become more involved in politics in Illinois
question
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
answer
a series of debates between Republican Abraham Lincoln and Democrat Stephen Douglas during the 1858 U.S. Senate campaign
question
Harper's Ferry raid
answer
he South saw the act as one of treason and were encouraged to separate from the North, and Brown became a martyr to the northern abolitionist cause
