Alexander the great and his influence – Flashcards
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who created the largest kingdom the ancient western world has yet known?
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alexander son of king philip of macedonia also known as alexander the great
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where was Macedonia?
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north of greece
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what did king philip of macedonia do when he took over the throne?
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he turned macedonia into a military power
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how was philips army different from many other armies?
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other ancient armies were made up of soldiers who served for a limited time but philips army was a group of full time well paid highly skilled soldiers
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as a military genius what did philip form?
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he formed new battle formations and a large number of weapons for his army
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what were the new weapons philip devised?
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they included cataputls and battering rams on wheels for smashing locked doors and closed gates
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what is a catapult?
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a machine that could hurl burning spears or 50 pound rocks over walls
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what battle did the greek armies fall?
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the battle of chaeronea
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why did philip decide to spare athens? (because they defeated them)
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because he admired their culture he had gained respect for greece during his youth
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what did philip do with the greek army after he conquered their nation?
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he reorganized their armies and combined them with macedonias troops
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when philip was on his way to conquer persia what happened?
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he was murdered and alexander took his place
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how old was alexander when his father was murdered?
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20 but he wsa still expected to fulfill philips dreams of empire
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conquest
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victory by force over people
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how was alexander similiar to his father ?
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he was a military genius and had an appreciation for greek culture
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who was greeces greatest philosopher that philip hired for alexander?
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aristotle
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what did aristotle teach alexander?
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literature philosophy and science
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what did alexander receive from aristotle? his father?
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his father gave him life but aristotle taught him how to lead a good life
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what was alexanders title?
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alexander the great
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why was he called alexander the great ?
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because he created a vast empire and because the influence of greek culture remained long after alexanders empire fell apart
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who did alexander leave behind to control city states? why?
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the greeks because he could not maintain control over the lands with force alone
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what were the features of the conquered nations that he adopted ?
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there soldiers and clothing
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why did he adopt the cultures features?
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it was his hope that by adopting the nations features that they would not see the greek rule as alien so they would not rebel against him
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what did the conquered nations do except not rebel against alexander?
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they learned the greek language worship the greek gods and read greek literature
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what did the period of alexanders rule become known as ? why?
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the hellenistic age because the greek influence became so widespread
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hellenistic
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greek like
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where did the center for greek culture switch to during the hellenistic age?
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from athens to alexandria
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what was built in alexandria during the hellenistic age?
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a magnificent museum that was also the intellectuel center of the world
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who gathered at the museum ?
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mathematicians poets philosophers and astronomers
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what did they do to help scholars do their research?
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the museum opened a little library which then grew into the largest library in the ancient world
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how did alexander die?
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he died of a fever at age 33
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how long did alexander rule?
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13 years
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why did his empire break apart?
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it broke apart politically because no single leader had enough power to take alexanders place
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how many kingdoms was his empire broke into?
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34 they were split amongst his generals
