Multicultural Final – Flashcards
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Regulating interactions
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Conversations are highly structured, with people typically taking turns at talking in a smooth and highly organized sequence. Which nonverbal code could you use to maintain the back-and-forth sequencing of a conversation?
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Body modifications
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If you were particularly attracted to or distracted by a person's piercing during a conversation, you are focusing on which of the following?
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high-contact
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The Middle East, Latin America, and southern Europe are geographical areas with ________ cultures.
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24 - 36 inches of personal space
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Which is NOT one of the universal aspects of nonverbal communication identified in the text?
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When various nonverbal expressions are required, preferred, permitted, or prohibited. How far apart people should stand while talking. When and how often to look at others in the conversation and when to look away. ***All of the above.
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Display rules govern
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kinesics
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The study of body movements is known as
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emblems
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The term used to describe nonverbal behaviors that have a direct verbal counterpart is
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mean different things in different cultures.
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According to Lustig and Koester, emblems can
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illustrators
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The term used to describe nonverbal behaviors that are used to emphasize, explain, or support words or phrases is
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Regulators are facial and body movements that show feelings and emotions.
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Which statement about regulators is FALSE?
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TRUE
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Behavioral synchrony in the use of nonverbal codes can be found in virtually all cultures.
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FALSE
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Verbal and nonverbal messages are actually separate and independent communication systems.
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TRUE
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The study of body movements is known as kinesics.
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TRUE
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The meanings of nonverbal messages are usually less precise than are those of verbal codes.
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TRUE
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Some cultures prefer a lot of touch during interactions while others may avoid it in public.
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the elaborate description of contextual points before advancing the thesis.
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In U.S. English, the features of a well-organized speech or essay typically include all of the following except
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listener-responsible.
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Japanese is a language that can be described as
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the specific meaning of the speaker's statements.
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A speaker-responsible language typically conveys
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series of stepping stones that link ideas through implication.
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Unlike U.S. English, which has an organizational pattern that links ideas using "bridges" between paragraphs or utterances, Japanese is more like a
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direct
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Cultures that prefer a/an _________ style of communication use explicit verbal messages that reveal the speaker's true intentions and desires.
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how rationality varies among cultures
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The term ethno-logics refers to
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evidence
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What a persuader offers as convincing proof of what she or he is trying to persuade is called the
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the form and arrangement of ideas.
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The quasilogical style of persuasion emphasizes
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presentational
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What is the persuasive style that emphasizes and targets listeners' emotions?
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analogical
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When speakers use stories and parables to deliver their messages, what kind of persuasive style are they using?
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As a result of increased time together, the people will begin having minor to major conflicts to handle.
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The authors discussed five types of changes in perceptions and behaviors that most likely occur as a relationship moves from an initial acquaintance to a close friendship. Which of the following was NOT listed by the authors?
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control, affiliation, and activation
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Which of the following are the three primary dimensions used by people throughout the world to interpret interpersonal communication messages?
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refers to people's desire to share or withhold personal information
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The openness-closedness dialectic in interpersonal relationships
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-a social image. -an impression held by others. -desired favorable social attributes. **all of the above.
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The term face refers to
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control, approval, and admiration
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Which three kinds of face needs are suggested by Tae-Seop Lim?
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facework
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The actions that people take to deal with the face-needs of oneself and others is called
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preserving one's own face is most important.
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In individualistic cultures,
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occur as a result of the knowledge and perceptions that people have about one another.
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Competent interpersonal relationships among people from different cultures
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TRUE
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The interaction with an acquaintance tends to be on a superficial level.
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TRUE
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Friendships usually occur between people who see themselves as similar in some important ways and who belong to the same social class.
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FALSE
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Uncertainty reduction strategies do not come into play in relationships that are moving from an acquaintance to friendship.
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TRUE
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Intercultural communication is often characterized by an increased tendency to misinterpret nonverbal control and status cues.
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FALSE
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The similarity-attraction hypothesis suggests that we like people who are less similar to ourselves but that we find more attractive than ourselves.
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reading a book
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Which is NOT an example of social episodes?
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They occur annually.
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Which is NOT true of social episodes?
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interaction treaties
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Which is NOT a component of social episodes?
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tinted glasses that color everything people see.
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The metaphor used by the authors to describe cultural patterns is
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Your social role is the same thing as your social behavior.
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Which statement about social roles is FALSE?
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-what to wear -what is acceptable to talk about -the sequence of events **all of the above
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Rules of interaction include which of the following?
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interaction scenes
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The recurring, repetitive topics that people talk about in social conversations are called
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interaction contexts.
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The settings or situations within which social episodes occur are called
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sociological approach
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Which of the following is NOT an approach to health care as described by Lustig and Koester?
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TRUE
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A social role is a set of expected behaviors that is associated with people in a particular position.
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TRUE
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Sometimes, breaking the rules of interaction that govern a social episode make one consciously aware of those rules.
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FALSE
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The meanings that are assigned to particular behaviors are not dependent upon the context of the interaction.
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FALSE
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In the magico-religious approach to health care, humans are thought to desire to maintain a sense of harmony with the forces of nature.
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TRUE
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In the holistic approach to health care, humans desire to maintain a sense of harmony with the forces of nature.
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both emphasized and deemphasized.
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During an intercultural interaction, the unique speech patterns of members of cultures who are subordinate to institutionally and economically dominant cultures can be
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Someone in authority supports intercultural contact.
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Which of the following is likely to lead to positive attitudes in intercultural communication?
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increased group identity
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If people feel that aspects of their cultural identity are being threatened, what is likely to happen?
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adaptation
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What is the preferred term for the process that takes place when an individual goes through changes as a result of intercultural contacts?
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-wishes to take on the values and beliefs of a new culture. -deems it relatively unimportant to maintain his or her original cultural identity. -believes it important to establish relationships with other cultures. **all of the above.
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Assimilation into a new culture will occur when an individual
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Segregation
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__________ occurs when members of a more politically and economically powerful cultural group do NOT want to have contact with certain cultural groups.
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intercultural personhood
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When individuals move beyond the thoughts, feelings and behaviors of their own cultures and incorporate other cultural realities, a process of __________ takes place.
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individual cultures must be judged within their own set of values.
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Cultural relativism is the belief that
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striving for a world at peace
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According to Kale, what is one of the universal values that all cultures hold?
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-Physical -Biological -Social **All of the above
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Adaptation includes which of the following?
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FALSE
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Intercultural communication will likely become less common by the end of the 21st century. Conceptual
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TRUE
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A cultural group that has primary access to economic power can be described as the dominant culture.
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TRUE
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The process of adaptation includes physical, biological, and social changes.
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FALSE
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Integration cannot be achieved unless one wishes to give up his or her original cultural identity.
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TRUE
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Ethical intercultural communicators take responsibility for learning as much about others as is possible and reasonable.
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Orientation to knowledge
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Which one of the BASIC skills is reflected in the statement "I find New York a difficult place to visit"?
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-behaviors that are deemed proper and suitable by the culture of people. -the constraints of the specific situation -the nature of the relationship between the interactants -all of the above **
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Which of the following need to be taken into consideration to develop interpersonal and intercultural competence?
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-Information about the forces that maintain the culture's uniqueness. -Information about the specific customs that govern interpersonal communication in a culture. -Facts about the predominant cultural pattern -All of the above**
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Which is an example of culture-specific information?
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True
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To determine communication competence, one ought to focus on the association between interactants.
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shared beliefs, values, norms, and social practices
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What are the four components of cultural patterns?
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Activity Orientation
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_______ defines how the people of a culture view human events and the expression of self through one's deeds.
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becoming
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People with a(n) __________ orientation are predisposed to think of ways to change themselves as a means of changing the world.
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cultures high on restraint discourage excess consumption.
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Hofstede's indulgence versus self-restraint dimension implies that
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made up of individual yet interrelated parts.
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Taxonomies of cultural patterns are
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challenge one's self-esteem.
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Prejudices are NOT functional when they
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all members of a particular group are regarded as much more similar to each other than they actually are.
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The stereotyping error called the outgroup homogeneity effect occurs when
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outgroup homogeneity effect
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The _________________ result(s) in a tendency to regard all members of a particular group as much more similar to one another than they actually are.
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ethnocentrism.
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The tendency to use the categories and values of one's own culture to evaluate the actions of others is called
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False
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During the cultural identity search stage, one's cultural characteristics are taken for granted.
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False
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The knowledge function of prejudices helps people to maintain their sense of self-esteem.
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False
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According to Taylor's definition, racism can only happen at the institutional level.
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morphemes.
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The smallest units of meaning in a language are called
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phonological rules.
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The rules of a language that tell speakers which sounds to use and how to order them are called
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false
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The word "comforted" contains three morphemes.
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True
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Intercultural competence requires knowledge, motivation, and actions that recognize the critical role verbal codes play in human interaction.