PSY 121 ch 11 – Flashcards
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When psychological professionals do a personality assessment, they
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look at the client's behavior from all 4 perspectives
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_____ believed that there was not only a personal unconscious, but a collective unconscious as well
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Jung
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Jim and Jose were studying for their psychology test. Jim asked Jose to name a test developed by Cattell based on factor analysis to measure one's personality characteristics. Jose knew right away that Jim was talking about the:
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16 personality factor questionnaire
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The ____ specifically tests for abnormal behavioral patterns in personaliity
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MMPI-2
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Sigmund Freud's ideas were probably shaped by the historical era in which he lived, a time known as the _____
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Victorian Age
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The assumption that the particular circumstance of any given situation will influence the way in which a trait is expressed is known as
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trait-situation interaction
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Which of the following perspectives on personality focuses on aspects that make people uniquely human, such as subjective feelings and freedom of choice?
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humanistic
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A person's personality should not be confused with their character, which is the person's
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morals or ethics
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When members of a group devote their lives to obtaining physical pleasure and immediate satisfaction of their needs, according to Freud, this group is dominated by their
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ID
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Freud believed that children adopt their parents' moral beliefs during the ____ stage of personality development
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phallic
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The Oedipus complex refers to
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a child developing a sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent and displaying jealousy of the same sex parent
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According to Freud, children in the latency stage
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develop intellectually, physically, and socially
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The image of oneself, which is based on information from significant people in one's life, is that person's
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self concept
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Surface traits
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are seen in the outward actions of a person
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With regard to the Big Five traits of personality, when someone is creative, imaginative, and non conforming, he or she tends to score high on the ___ trait
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openness
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According to the humanistic perspective, personality is influenced by
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the things that make people uniquely human, such as the freedom to choose one's own destiny
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One of the major problems associated with personality inventories is that they are
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dependent on the honesty of the person taking the test
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the advantage of personality inventories over projective tests is that inventories are
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standardized
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_____ see personality as nothing more than a set of learned responses
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behaviorists
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If a test does not measure what it's supposed to measure, then it lacks
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validity
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A person with an IQ of 145 may be categorized as
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a genius
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Heidi is exploring her options and trying to decide where her best potential and abilities lie. She has a good idea of who she is and what she wants out of life. Carl Rogers would say that Heidi is a ____
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fully functioning person
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Shelly took the Stanford Binet test at age 10 and scored a mental age of 13. Her IQ is
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130
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Joe complains that his coworker, George, is irritating because George never has a nice thing to say about anyone or anything. Joe believes George's problem is an enduring characteristic with which George was born. In other words, Joe dislikes George's
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temperament
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Multiple choice tests of piano skills lack
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validity
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Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory is based on
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extensive research, such as the Bobo doll study
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IQ is assumed to be normally distributed with a mean IQ of 100 and a typical standard deviation of about
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15
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____ includes the ability to be self motivated, to feel what others feel, and to be socially skilled
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emotional intelligence
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Standard deviation refers to
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the average variation of scores from the mean
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Tests in which people are asked to tell what they see in ambiguous visual stimuli are
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projective tests
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The most frequently used intelligence tests in the US are
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the Wechsler tests
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The process girls experience, with their father as the object of their affections and their mother as the rival, is
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the electra complex
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Freud believed the mind was divided into 3 parts: the ____, the _____, and the preconscious
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unconscious, conscious
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Intelligence testing began in France because French educators wanted
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a way to identify students in need of more help with learning
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Carl Jung, unlike Freud, believed that ___ held much more than personal fears, urges and memories
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the unconscious
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The assumption that the particular circumstance of any given situation will influence the way in which a trait is expressed is known as
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trait situation interaction
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Many items on a culture fair test require the use of
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nonverbal abilities
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Devon is taking a personality test that includes a long list of questions. For each question, Devon must choose from a limited set answers. Devon is taking a
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personality inventory
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When a therapist asks questions and writes down the answers in a survey process, what assessment method is the therapist using?
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interview
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Trait theories differ from other theories of personality development in that they
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are less concerned with how personality develops than they are with describing personalities and the actions that result from them
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Hofstede's dimensions differ from the Big Five in that they are
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based on the traits of a culture rather than an individual
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Some believe that humanistic theory is
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more of a philosophical view than a psychological explanation
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Which type of assessment are psychoanalysts most likely to use
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Roscharch inkblot test
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Definition: the unique and relatively stable ways in which people think, feel, and behave
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personality
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Definition: value judgments of a person's moral and ethical behavior
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character
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Definition: the enduring characteristics with which each person is born
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temperament
