Chapter idk – Flashcards
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The model or paradigm an investigator uses influences: A) the symptoms of a particular disorder. B) the treatment that is most effective for a disorder. C) the questions and observations the investigator uses. D) the culture in which the disorder is found.
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Depression has been linked to which neurotransmitter abnormality? A) low activity of GABA B) absence of dopamine C) low activity of serotonin D) excessive activity of norepinephrine
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When a subject is participating in the final testing phase of a drug study, which of the following is taking place? A) The drug is being tested on animals. B) The subject is being asked about any unexpected long-term effects. C) The safety of the drug is being assessed by the subject. D) The subject is helping to determine the drug's efficacy and side effects.
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B) The subject is being asked about any unexpected long-term effects.
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During the preclinical phase of a drug study, researchers are: A) figuring out safe dosages of the drug in people. B) looking for long-term and unexpected side effects. C) submitting the drug to the FDA for approval. D) testing the drug on animals.
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D) testing the drug on animals.
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A woman has had an abortion for which she feels very guilty and as a result takes a strong pro-life stance. The defense mechanism that BEST explains her behavior is: A) reaction formation. B) denial. C) regression. D) projection.
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A) reaction formation.
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A patient's initial reaction to being told she has an STI is to insist that the nurse made a mistake with the test. The defense mechanism that BEST explains this behavior is: A) regression. B) sublimation. C) denial. D) rationalization.
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C) denial.
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You blame your poor performance on a test that you didn't study for on all the other work you had to do. The defense mechanism that BEST explains your behavior is: A) denial. B) rationalization. C) intellectualization. D) sublimation.
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B) rationalization.
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The model MOST likely to predict that transference will occur during therapy is the ______ model. A) psychodynamic B) cognitive C) humanistic-existential D) behavioral
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A) psychodynamic
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A patient participates in weekly therapy for several years, gradually becoming aware of the impact of early life events on present functioning. The form of psychotherapy the patient is receiving is called: A) cognitive therapy. B) drug therapy C) psychodynamic therapy. D) behavior therapy.
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C) psychodynamic therapy.
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Evidence in support of the psychodynamic model has come primarily from: A) lab-based human experimentation. B) experiments carried out in "real-world" settings. C) surveys. D) case studies.
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D) case studies.
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When a young child yells and throws toys ("temper tantrum"), the parents give the child a good deal of attention. As time goes on, the temper tantrums become more and more common. A behavioral psychologist would say that the temper tantrums result from: A) unresolved intrapsychic conflict. B) operant conditioning. C) unconditional positive regard. D) neurotransmitter imbalances.
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B) operant conditioning.
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The model MOST likely to emphasize the importance of one's history of conditioning as the source of depression is the ______ model. A) psychodynamic B) behavioral C) humanist-existential D) sociocultural
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B) behavioral
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Today, ______ clinical psychology is the MOST popular theoretical orientation among professional psychologists. A) behavioral B) psychodynamic C) cognitive D) interpersonal
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C) cognitive
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If you believe that you can master and perform needed behaviors whenever necessary, Bandura would say that you had a positive sense of: A) overgeneralization. B) classical conditioning. C) self-efficacy. D) modeling.
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C) self-efficacy.
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o-called "new wave of cognitive therapy" differs from traditional cognitive therapy in that it emphasizes: A) challenging irrational cognitions. B) accepting problematic thoughts. C) working to change unacceptable thoughts. D) researching the effectiveness of the therapy.
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B) accepting problematic thoughts.
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In mindfulness-based therapy techniques, you would be MOST likely to find clients: A) focusing on setting goals for the future. B) letting their thoughts flow, without judgment. C) rejecting thoughts that are not rational. D) trying to figure out the source of their troublesome thoughts.
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B) letting their thoughts flow, without judgment.
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Humans are born with freedom, yet do not 'naturally' strive to reach their full growth potential." The psychologist who would MOST closely agree with this statement would be: A) behavioral. B) humanistic. C) existential. D) psychodynamic.
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B) humanistic.
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Gestalt therapy is similar to mindfulness techniques in its emphasis on: A) using I language. B) focusing on the here and now. C) role-playing. D) frustrating the client.
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B) focusing on the here and now.
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The MAIN concern with the various forms of cybertherapy that are currently being used is: A) confidentiality on the Internet. B) the quality of the treatment. C) technological issues with the use of computers. D) the availability of the services.
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B) the quality of the treatment.
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With its emphasis on abstract human values and responsibility, the humanistic-existential model does all of the following EXCEPT: A) resonate with many people who are eager to explore these issues. B) support the ideas of positive psychology. C) emphasize health. D) lend itself easily to research.
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A) resonate with many people who are eager to explore these issues.
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If someone is isolated and lacks social support or intimacy in his or her life, that person is MORE likely to ______ than someone who has social support and intimacy. A) become depressed when under stress B) become depressed even when not under stress C) become depressed, but recover more quickly D) be a carrier of depression to later generations
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A) become depressed when under stress
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Research would lead you to believe that students who have the MOST Facebook friends have: A) an average number of real friends. B) only surface relationships with their real friends. C) many real friends and good relationships with them. D) the fewest real friends, because it is easier for them to connect on line.
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A) an average number of real friends.
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According to family systems theory, families that show "disengagement" are characterized by: A) members who are overinvolved in one another's lives. B) parents who have a "laissez-faire" parenting style. C) children who very seldom fight. D) rigid boundaries between family members.
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D) rigid boundaries between family members.
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f a therapist advised you to pay attention to how you were communicating with family members and to change harmful patterns, the therapist would MOST likely to be practicing: A) structural family therapy. B) conjoint family therapy. C) feminist therapy. D) self-help therapy.
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B) conjoint family therapy.
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Providing treatment as soon as it is needed, so problems that are moderate or worse do not become long-term, is called: A) primary prevention. B) secondary prevention. C) tertiary prevention. D) quaternary prevention.
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Which of the following statements about couple therapy is MOST accurate? A) Only about 10 percent of those who receive couple therapy eventually divorce. B) Most people who receive couple therapy report no real improvement in their functioning. C) There is a decreasing need for couple therapy based on current divorce rates. D) There is no one theoretical approach used in couple therapy.
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D) There is no one theoretical approach used in couple therapy.
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That many people with severe disturbances are not being treated appropriately is MOSTLY a problem with which level of prevention? A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) meta
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C) tertiary
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Regarding the finding that there are more seriously disturbed people among those who are poor, a multicultural theorist would focus on the way in which: A) personal responsibility is related to dysfunction. B) irrational thoughts contribute to one's feelings. C) poverty is a stressor that contributes to dysfunction. D) early life experiences shape one's later behavior.
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C) poverty is a stressor that contributes to dysfunction.
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Current multicultural perspectives are MOST likely to focus on: A) the inferiority of particular cultural groups. B) the cultural deprivation that is characteristic of some groups. C) the limitations of a focus on ethnicity. D) the special external pressures faced by members of a culture.
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A) the inferiority of particular cultural groups.
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A feminist therapist would MOST likely focus on: A) a woman's personal responsibility for her own situation. B) the role that biology plays in psychological functioning. C) how prejudice and discrimination impact women. D) the ways in which women express their femininity.
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C) how prejudice and discrimination impact women.
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In explaining why women are diagnosed with anxiety disorders and depression twice as often as men, multicultural therapists would focus on: A) the biological differences between men and women. B) the different patterns of communication displayed by men and women. C) prejudice and discrimination faced by women. D) the level of rationality in the thought patterns of women.
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C) prejudice and discrimination faced by women.
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Which of the following statements is the BEST example of the biopsychosocial perspective? A) There is one legitimate approach to understanding mental disorders. B) Abnormality is best explained by sociocultural stresses a person experiences. C) Eclectic approaches fail to take interactions of various models into account. D) Abnormality results from the interaction of genetic, emotional, and cultural influences.
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D) Abnormality results from the interaction of genetic, emotional, and cultural influences.
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The diathesis-stress model of abnormality emphasizes that: A) stress is the primary factor leading to abnormality. B) a biological predisposition is the primary factor leading to abnormality. C) abnormality arises from an interaction between stress and predisposition. D) only one factor—stress or predisposition—is necessary for abnormality to occur.
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B) a biological predisposition is the primary factor leading to abnormality.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of diathesis in the diathesis-stress explanation of abnormality? A) a genetic history of mental illness in one's family B) growing up in an unhealthy, enmeshed family C) experiencing a severe psychological trauma D) living in a high-crime, impoverished area
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C) experiencing a severe psychological trauma
