Western Civ: chapter 6 quiz
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Characterizations of the Republic's administration
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Rome generally allowed its subjects a large measure of self-government, reduced the endemic warfare that had plagued provinces prior to their incorporation, refrained from interfering with religion and local customs
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the Romans treated the Italian people they conquered
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as potential allies, to be integrated into society
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Plebeian concessions during the Struggle of the Orders included
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access to the highest political, judicial, and religious offices; the creation of the Twelve Tables; recognition of the full power of the Plebeian Assembly to enact legislation
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the overseas expansion of Rome led to social and economic changes which includes
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greater prosperity for most of the Plebeian farmers; the destruction of the patrician class by a new class of warriors; a decline in trade, commerce, and manufacturing, as Rome lived off the tribute extracted from conquered lands
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the influx of slaves into Italy in the first century BC
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was so great that, by 50 BC., they constituted one-third of Italy's population
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despite reforms made during the Struggle of the Orders, Rome remained an oligarchy because
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patronage networks of wealthy families controlled the government
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Tiberius Gracchus made himself a spokesman for
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land reform
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the crisis in agriculture in the late Republic was a result of
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the Plebeian's loss of their farms to larger and wealthier landowners due to wartime devastation, debt incurred during the war, and increasing reliance on slave labor of those conquered in foreign wars
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war between Rome and Carthage began because Rome feared Carthage's designs on
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Sicily
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the first stage of Roman expansion was the
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uniting of the Italian peninsula
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between 205 BC and 148 BC, Rome fought three wars against
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Macedonia
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after Carthage's stunning victory at the battle of Cannae (216 BC)
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Rome invaded North Africa, forcing the Carthaginian general Hannibal to withdraw his troops from Italy
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the Senate responded to the challenge posed by the Gracchi by
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killing them
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the tension that erupted in the Struggle of the Orders stemmed from plebeian grievances including
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enslavement for debt
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the assassination of Julius Caesar on March 15, 44 BC
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carried out by people who saw themselves as loyal defenders of the Republic against Caesar's ambitions
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the most influential philosophy in Rome was
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Stoicism
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the Roman Republic was unable to meet the challenge of empire because
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its attempt to govern an empire with institutions designed for a city-state, the lack of concern Roman ruling elites showed for the empire's subjects, its failures to develop a professional civil service to administer conquered lands
