Socio Exam 1 Quizzes

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The significance of a sociological imagination is that
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Sociologists attempt to understand personal events in social contexts
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According to the sociological perspective, people's behavior
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Is influenced by the social context
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What does the term sociological structure refer to?
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A social force that enable or constrains human behavior
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The norms, beliefs and values that we learn through socialization make _______________ possible?
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Social order
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Which of the following is the initial guide in influencing the direction of sociological research?
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Theory
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The study of everyday life and face-to-face interaction is called?
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Microsociology
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What did Emile Durkheim call aspects of social life that shape our individual actions?
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Social structure
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Which early theorist saw class conflict as a main source of social change?
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Karl Marx
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What played a fundamental role in developing the capitalistic outlook according to Max Weber?
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Religious values
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Which of the following is a good example of micro-sociology?
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Studying the social interactions in a coffee shop.
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Socialization is the lifelong process through which we learn all of the following EXCEPT:
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Our genetic potential
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According to Durkheim, social structure
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acts as a mechanism of soial constraint
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Analysis of large-scale and long-term processes is known as
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macro-sociology
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What is it called when we "think ourselves away" from the familiar routine to see things sociologically?
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A sociological imagination
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According to Durkheim, sociologists may study social facts, which are
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aspects of social life that influence our behavior
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According to Karl Marx, the modern era is shaped by
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capitalism
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Which sociologist showed that social factors influence suicidal behavior?
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Emile Durkheim
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According to Durkheim, society is
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greater than the sum of its parts
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Behavior that is oriented toward self-interest is often called
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instrumental or rational action
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Which theoretical perspective holds that grand narratives that give meaning to history in the past no longer make sense?
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postmodernism
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According to postmodern theory
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society is highly pluralistic and diverse
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What would a symbolic interactionist say is involved in nearly all social interactions?
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an exchange of symbols
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Which sociologist connected social analysis to social reform?
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W.E.B. DuBois
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This aspect of social organization can create problems for democratic participation according to Max Weber.
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bureaucracy
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According to Weber, economic factors are important to social change in society. Other factors involved in social change are
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ideas and values
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According to Marxian analysis, which social group makes up the largest component of society?
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wage workers
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According to Durkheim, organic solidarity is
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when the institutions of society function as a whole.
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According to Durkheim, the rapid process of social change gives rise to many social difficulties that he linked to
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anomie
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We can say that something is socially constructed when it is based on
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social context
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Which theorists examined society in terms of the history of class struggles?
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Karl Marx
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In his work on Suicide, Durkheim relied on which research method for his study?
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government demographic data
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Once a researcher has identified a social problem, then they should
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review the literature
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For a survey sample to accurately reflect the characteristics of the study population, it must be
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represetative
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If college students who live with their parents are less likely to binge drink than students who live in dormitories, what is the dependent variable in this hypothesis?
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binge drinking
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Which of these is a prerequisite to good sociological research?
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good sociological questions
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Which research method would be best suited if you wanted to learn how Mercer students feel about smoking?
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survey and interviews
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Any sociological research that involves human subjects poses an
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ethical dilemma and need for their consent
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The more education one has, the greater the earning potential. The proceeding sentence represents a
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correlation between two variables
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If one event or situation produces another, the two are said to have a
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casual relationship
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There are many different types of variables. A variable that produces an effect on an outcome variable is called
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independent variable
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The strongest sociological research begins with social problems that
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are puzzles; meaning a gap in our understanding
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Which research method is best if you wanted a large representative sample of people's attitude toward marriage?
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survey
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Developing a questionnaire to test a few subjects to find potential problems before conducting the full study is called
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a pilot study
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The main purpose of deriving a sample population is to
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select a set of people representative of the population
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of scientific research?
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narrow range of appropriate topics
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All sociological research on human subjects impose an
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ethical dilemma of consent
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A researcher studying the homeless decides to live among them. This is an example of which type of research method?
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ethnography
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A limitation of ethnographic research is that
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findings are not generalizable
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Sociology is considered a legitimate science because it employs
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scientific method; goals of objectivity; empirical observations
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Jamal wants to study eating disorders and is presently interviewing subjects. What stage of the research process is he at?
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carry out the research
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Culture consists of
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values; norms; material goods
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Definite principles or rules of behavior that people are expected to observe are called
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norms
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helpful image that describes culture is that of
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a total way of life; a coping mechanism of practices; a tool kit
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The concept of culture as used by sociologists includes
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marriage customs and family life; higher life of the mind such as art and literature; social guidelines for behavior
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Human behavior and cultural beliefs
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vary widely from culture to culture
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Judging another culture by the standards of your own is known as
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ethnocentrism
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Features that are found in virtually all societies are called
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cultural universals
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All cultures of the world possess
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language; some form of family system; prohibitions against incest
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Smaller segments of the population with their own unique patterns of behavior are called
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subcultures
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Body piercings and tattoos are an expression of
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semiotics
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Define norms
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conforming to social expectations
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The physical objects a culture creates are known as
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material artifacts
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Society differs from culture in that society is
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a system of interconnected human relationships
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Socio-biologists believe that
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social life is rooted in genes and culture
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Calling an Amish farmer backward for tilling his field with a horse and plow is an example of
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ethnocentrism
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Which of the following constitute a sub-culture?
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high school students who hang out at malls; rock and roll musicians; motorcycle bikers who ride a Harley
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What are semiotics?
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the analysis of non-verbal cultural meanings
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The idea that you should wait your turn in line to pay your bill when shopping is an example of a
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norm
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Which of the following best explains why different groups of people create different cultures?
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people learn to adapt to their surroundings
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Which of the following is NOT associated with industrialization
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empires
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Children learn the ways of their elders; thereby perpetuating values, norms and practices. This process is
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socialization
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Jean Piaget's theory of child development is based on
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stages of cognitive development
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For humans to be socialized, children must have
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regular social interaction with adults
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Sociologists have developed alternative theories of child development; however, all theories of socialization hold that
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human contact is critically important
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Which of the following is an agent of socialization?
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Jackson Elementary School; parents and grandparents; MTV and Cartoon Network
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Which of the following is the most important agent of childhood socialization?
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the family
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Which type of television show shows the highest number of violent acts per episode?
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cartoons
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Why is it difficult for parents to raise their kids in a non-sexist way?
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traditional gender roles are reproduced in everyday life
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According to Carol Gilligan's research on gender roles, what motivates women to be successful?
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helping others and building relationships
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Social reproduction
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is the process in which society's structures continue
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George Herbert Mead's analysis of child development emphasizes
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a sense of self
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According to Mead, the socialization process occurs in three stages: the "I" stage, the "me" stage, and the
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generalized other stage
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The belief that individuals adopt social roles in which they are placed ignores the idea that
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social roles are negotiated and flexible
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What is identity in the sociological sense
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understanding who we are and what is meaningful; a characteristics we share with others; a set of characteristics unique to us
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What is the difference between social and self-identity?
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social identity focuses on similarities while self-identity focuses on individual differences
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Chodorow's theory of gender development suggests that women are more sensitive than men because
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women remain emotionally closer to their mother
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According to Mead, children develop a sense of self by
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imitating other people
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Sociologists often speak of two types of identity; they are
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social identity and self-identity
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Nancy Chodrow's theory of gender development focuses on the emotional attachment of the child to his/her _______
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mother
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Which of the following is NOT true of the stages of the life course which individuals pass through?
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stages are more psychological than sociological
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