Pre-AP World History; Hinduism VS Buddhism Essay Prompts – Flashcards

- Caste System - Buddha was identified as one of the 10 reincarnations of Vishnu by some Hindus, others viewed him as a holy man -Hinduism grew more and more personal as it developed into a religion and appealed to the masses as a result of the popularity of Buddhism~ Focused on Brahman, spirit of everything, and devotion

- NO Caste System - Buddhist teachings stem from Hinduism (Karma, Reincarnation) -Upanishads also helped create Buddhism - Therevada School; stricter interpretation of Buddha's teachings, with emphasis on self-sacrifice and meditation, elites - Mahayana School; "The Greater Vehicle", emphasizes devotion, more focused on the masses reaching salvation, Buddha as a God - Changed from a religion that emphasized individual discipline to a mass religion that offered salvation to all and popular worship

S = Both religions influenced each other (Buddha, Karma, Reincarnation, Upanishads) D = Buddhism became a mass religion and Hinduism evolved to become an individual religion

- Brahman (The World Soul); Brahma (The Creator), Vishnu (The Protector), and Shiva (The Destroyer) - Moksha- perfect understanding - Dharma- duty -Reincarnation - Veda, Agamas, Upanishads, and Bhagavad Gita - Multiple Gods - Cyclical History- Samsara - Good Karma = upper-caste male (Brahmin, Warrior, or Merchant) - Bad Karma = female, laborer, or untouchable

- Buddha/The Enlightened One - Nirvana- "like blowing out a candle" - Dharma- duty - Reincarnation - Four Noble Truths; 1. Everything in life is suffering and sorrow 2. Suffering is caused by selfishness 3. To end suffering, you must end desires 4. Follow the 8-Fold Path/ The Middle way; Right Views, Right Resolve, Right Speech, Right Conduct, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration - 3 Jewels of Buddhism; ~Religious Community ~The Buddha ~The Dharma - Rejected Multiple Gods - Cyclical History

S = Reincarnation D = Buddhism rejected multiple gods, unlike Hinduism

-Trade

- Most wide-spread religion of East Asia - Trade - Missionaries in Asia - No foothold in India -Spread in India during reign of Asoka

S = Both spread through trade D = Buddhism spread further than Hinduism

- Cannot be traced back to one founder with a single set of ideas - Indian Subcontinent -Began between 750 and 550 B.C. when priests tried to interpret the Vedas

- Siddhartha Gautama/ Buddha (The Enlightened One) - Promoted by Asoka (Chandragupta Maurya's grandson)

S = Both came from Northern India D = Buddhism has a definite founder, unlike Hinduism