special supreme court cases for a college government class
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Barron v Baltimore
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the 1833 Supreme Court decision holding that the bill of rights restrained only the national government, not the states and cities.
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Marbury v Madison
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This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review
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Chaplinsky v NH
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established the fighting words doctrine, which is not covered in the first amendment protection of speech
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Boy Scouts v Dale
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A private organization may ban gays from its membership.
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NY Times v Sullivan
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(freedom of press case) 1964; supremes decl. freedom of press takes precedence as long as the alleged defaation is proved true by some form of writing, video, picture, statement, etc.
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Roth v US
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This 1957 judgement prohibited pornography material as utterly without redeeming social significance, later reversed in Miller v. California
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Engel v Vitale
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banned formal prayer in schools, goverment whould not make any religion the 'official' religion.
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Miller v Calif
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created Miller test: court lists requirements that materials must meet in order to be obscene
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Cox v NH
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cities can control demonstrations through permits; limits freedom to assemble
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Gideon v Wainwright
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ordered states to provide lawyers for those unable to afford them; Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments; Warren Court's judicial activism
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Reynolds v US
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Court ruled that one cannot use religion as a defense to the crime of polygamy. Court ruled that religious practices that impair the public interest do not fall under the First Amendment.
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Lawrence v TX
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adults have the right to privacy in their own homes; all sex laws are stricken
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Oregon v Smith
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Drugs in religious observances, still illegal
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Griswold v Conn
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privacy rights were created; 9th amendment protects rights not specifically mentioned
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Gitlow v NY
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Ruled that Bill of Rights can be applied to states through 14th amendment
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NY Times v. US
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Struck down prior restraint on \"Pentagon Papers\" (freed press)
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Tinker v Des Moines School District
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1969 - The First Amendment, as applied through the Fourteenth, did not permit a public school to punish a student for wearing a black armband as an anti-war protest, absent any evidence that the rule was necessary to avoid substantial interference with school discipline or the rights of others.
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Plessy v Ferguson
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sumpreme court ruled that segregation public places facilities were legal as long as the facilites were equal
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Brown v. Board of Education
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court found that segregation was a violation of the Equal Protection clause \"separate but equal\" has no place
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University of Calf v Bakke
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affirmative action programs are constitutional, but specific quotas are not
