PSYCH 105 Ch. 9
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
The most commonly used IQ test in the United States is the:
answer
Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV.
question
Approximately _____ of the population have an IQ score between 85 and 115.
answer
68%
question
Higher intelligence is related to the thickness of the _____.
answer
cerebral cortex
question
Below are several statements about the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. Which statement is CORRECTLY identified as false?
answer
The same items are used for test-takers of different ages - False
question
Contemporary tests of intelligence are in widespread use in the United States EXCEPT the:
answer
Spearman G Scale.
question
The practical problem Alfred Binet was trying to solve when he developed his intelligence test was:
answer
identifying slow learners for remedial aid.
question
Collectivist cultures, such as Taiwan's, place a high priority on how individuals relate to each other. It might be reasonable to hypothesize that Taiwanese adults might outscore American adults on a test of Gardner's _____ intelligence.
answer
interpersonal
question
Jody is completing a test in which she has to name as many state capitals as she can in one minute; Alex is trying to complete analogies between pairs of abstract diagrams. Jody is taking a test of _____ intelligence; Alex, a test of _____.
answer
crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence
question
According to the text, a positive feature of Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is:
answer
that it has led to the development of intelligence tests that allow test takers to be creative.
question
Which of the following is true about tests?
answer
Test validity and reliability are prerequisites for accurate assessment of intelligence.
question
Early theorists such as Spearman argued that g represented general intelligence. According to these theorists, individuals high in g:
answer
have an advantage in every intellectual endeavor.
question
The formula for the intelligence quotient as Binet defined it is:
answer
MA/CA x 100.
question
Which of the following is true of academic success and career success?
answer
Academic success and career success are based on two different types of intelligence.
question
Knowledge of the internal aspects of oneself is termed as _____.
answer
intrapersonal intelligence
question
Logical-mathematical intelligence refers to skills:
answer
in problem solving and scientific thinking
question
Laverne's scores on different parts of an IQ test are very different from one another. Laverne's profile of scores on the test:
answer
contradicts the view of intelligence offered by early theorists such as Spearman.
question
About 95% of the population have an IQ score between _____ and _____.
answer
70; 130
question
Studies of changes in intelligence as a function of aging suggest that:
answer
fluid intelligence tends to decline with age in adults.
question
The g-factor is:
answer
a broad factor that supports every aspect of intelligence.
question
Traditional tests were designed to relate to _____.
answer
academic success
question
In the introduction to its discussion of intelligence, your text suggests that conceptions of intelligence vary cross-culturally. To the Trukese of the South Pacific, for example, intelligence may mean the ability to navigate on the open water without technological assistance; to an American high schooler, it may mean the ability to score well on standardized tests of academic achievement and aptitude. Nevertheless, one element of the understanding of intelligence that is consistent across culture is:
answer
the ability to use the resources provided by one's environment.
question
Etta is taking an intelligence test based on Gardner's multiple intelligences theory. How is Etta's performance likely to be scored?
answer
She will receive a score for each of eight types of intelligence.
question
In what way do current theories of intelligence differ from those offered earlier in psychology's history?
answer
Contemporary theories propose that there may be many multiple forms of intelligence, rather than just one.
question
Regarding standardized testing, which piece of advice is least likely to be right?
answer
Guess if you don't know
question
Dancers, athletes, actors, and surgeons display:
answer
bodily kinesthetic intelligence.
question
The property by which tests measure consistently what they are trying to measure is known as _____.
answer
reliability
question
Ashley, a psychology major, remarks that she has become interested in the study of intelligence. In other words, Ashley is interested in:
answer
the capacity to understand the world, think rationally, and use resources effectively.
question
_____ intelligence is the set of skills that underlie the accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, and regulation of one's mental state.
answer
emotional
question
Imagine that overall, 6-year-olds can complete a particular block design puzzle in 5 minutes. It takes Bailey almost 8 minutes to complete the task. In Binet's terms, Bailey's _____ age is _____ than 6.
answer
mental; lower
question
A researcher develops a questionnaire to assess the personality trait of impulsivity among adults. In a journal article, she presents evidence that college students tend to get essentially the same score if they take the test twice, two months apart. She also presents the average score, the highest score, and the lowest score obtained by two large samples: one of 2,000 college students, and one of 750 community-dwelling noncollege adults. However, when you look at the sample questionnaire items she included in the article, it seems to you that they relate more to whether a person is sociable, outgoing, and fun than to whether an individual is impulsive. You are questioning the _____ of the researcher's questionnaire.
answer
validity
question
_____ refers to skills involved in the production and use of language.
answer
Linguistic intelligence
question
Intelligence that reflects the ability to reason abstractly is termed _____ intelligence.
answer
fluid
question
An online intelligence test yields a different IQ each time you take it. The test is:
answer
not reliable, and probably not valid either.
question
According to Sternberg, intelligence related to overall success in living is known as _____ intelligence.
answer
practical
question
Which of the following best expresses the distinction between the WAIS-IV and WISC-IV?
answer
The WAIS-IV is used to test adult intelligence, whereas the WISC-IV is used to test children's intelligence.
question
The three types of intelligence proposed by Sternberg include each of the following except _____ intelligence.
answer
logical
question
Early theorists inferred the existence of a general intelligence g factor from:
answer
the positive correlations among tests of different intellectual skills.
question
The _____ area of the brain is critical to juggling many pieces of information simultaneously and solving new problems.
answer
lateral prefrontal cortex
question
Bodily kinesthetic intelligence refers to skills:
answer
in using the whole anatomy or various portions of it in the solution of problems or in the construction of products or displays.
question
Gardner's theory includes each of the following types of intelligence EXCEPT:
answer
tacit intelligence
question
In contrast to _____, _____ is more a reflection of the culture in which a person is raised.
answer
fluid intelligence; crystallized intelligence
question
People who are high in _____ intelligence are able to learn general norms and principles and apply them appropriately.
answer
practical
question
People whose IQ score ranges from 40-54 are most probably:
answer
moderately retarded.
question
Based on the text's discussion, which of the following alternatives best captures the difference, if any, between the terms mental retardation and intellectual disability?
answer
Intellectual disability is becoming the preferred term, while mental retardation is the traditional term.
question
Regarding the integration of mentally retarded students into regular classrooms, which of the following statements is true?
answer
In full inclusion programs, mentally retarded students are integrated into regular classroom activities to a greater extent than in the case of mainstreaming.
question
The inclusive philosophy behind the educational mainstreaming of mentally retarded individuals reflects federal laws passed in the:
answer
mid-1970s
question
Intellectual disability in which no apparent biological defect exists but there is a history of it in the kin is known as _____ retardation.
answer
familial
question
The IQ of intellectually gifted individuals is _____.
answer
130 or above
question
In approximately _____ of the cases of mental retardation there is an identifiable biological cause; the most common of these is _____.
answer
one-third; fetal alcohol syndrome
question
Peyton has an IQ score of 60. Although her development was typically slower than that of her peers, she is now able to hold a job and will soon start a family of her own. Peyton is most probably:
answer
mildly retarded
question
Imagine that American children and African children are asked to memorize the locations of objects on a chessboard. In one condition, the objects are rocks; in the other, they are household objects common in the West. What might you predict regarding the children's performance?
answer
The performance of the African children will exceed that of the American children when the objects are rocks but not when they are Western household objects.
question
In The Bell Curve, Herrnstein and Murray argued that:
answer
the IQ gap between Caucasian and African Americans reflects genetics.
question
Based on the text's discussion of the Flynn effect, how might the IQ of the average 18-year-old today compare with that of his/her counterpart 60 years ago?
answer
The IQ score of the average 18-year-old today is about 15 points higher than that of his/her counterpart 60 years ago.
question
Which of the following represents a practical skill?
answer
Brushing your teeth
question
You have been asked to review a set of test items that are being considered for a standardized intelligence test. The test constructors want to eliminate all items that contain any possible cultural bias. With this task in mind, which of the following questions would you eliminate first?
answer
What is the name of the main character in The Wizard of Oz?
question
A 6-year-old child with a mental age of 6 would have a ratio IQ of
answer
100
question
Dhiraj has an insightful mind and excels at solving new types of problems with unique solutions. Which of Sternberg's intelligences would best explain this?
answer
Creative
question
Which theory of intelligence is best suited to explain the abilities of individuals with savant syndrome, or individuals with extremely high levels of intelligence in one area and virtually little or none in other areas?
answer
Gardener
question
If an outcome measure is normally distributed, this means that
answer
most scores are around the average with some scores being lower or higher.
question
Which of Gardner's intelligences would be LEAST important for a car salesperson?
answer
Bodily-kinesthetic
question
A high school football coach decides to use the time taken to run up 100 stairs as a test for running endurance. He tests every team member on three consecutive days and finds that the times for each person are very much the same on all three trials. His test for endurance appears to have good
answer
reliability
question
The new term for \"mental retardation\" is
answer
intellectual disability
question
Terman's long-term study of the intellectually gifted found that they tend to be:
answer
outgoing
question
Which of the following is true of full inclusion?
answer
Full inclusion is a controversial practice.
question
Which of the following alternatives offers the most accurate assessment of the origin of familial retardation in nature on the one hand, or nurture on the other?
answer
We do not know the extent to which familial retardation reflects nature and nurture.
question
A test that does not discriminate against the members of any minority group is termed as a _____ test.
answer
culture-fair
question
A psychologist has developed a new test to measure the verbal ability of third graders. To determine the range of scores (and what is a good and bad score), he gives the test to 10,000 third graders. In the future, he will compare the performance of others to this reference group. This process of determining meaningful scores establishes testing
answer
norms
question
The batting averages of major league baseball players have shown a steady increase over the last 30 years. This parallels which observation made from the world of intelligence testing?
answer
Flynn effect
question
Dr. Ambrose feels that a particular intelligence test is probably culturally biased. Which of the following test questions would concern Dr. Ambrose the most?
answer
In which month of the year is the Super Bowl played?
question
Most subjects in Terman's study were
answer
doctors, lawyers, and businesspeople.
question
The term _____ refers to a measure of the degree to which a characteristic can be attributed to genetic factors.
answer
heritability
question
Challenges to writing culturally fair test questions include ___________ factors.
answer
all of these
question
Jorge's parents talked and communicated with him a great deal from the time he was born. Based on the research in the text, which of the following statements is TRUE in regards to Jorge's IQ?
answer
The stimulation provided by Jorge's parents will positively affect his IQ.
question
If an intelligence test produces the same score over multiple administrations but it does not accurately measure intelligence, then the test is ___________ but not ___________.
answer
reliable; valid