chapter 22 practice quiz
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after love canal was abandoned it was sold and used for
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an elementary school and housing project
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what law was implemented in reaction to love canal?
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superfund
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the love canal incident demonstrates that
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preventing pollution is safer and cheaper than cleaning it up
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which of the following does not fit into one of the types of solid waste?
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chemically active waste
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which of the following is not a type of e-waste
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discarded computer printer paper
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electronic waste contains all of the following except (organochlorines, polyinylychlorides, copper, nickel, gold)
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organochlorines
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which US state was the first to ban the disposal of computers and TV sets in landfills and incinerators
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massachusetts
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over half of US municipal solid waste is
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dumped in landfills
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in a low-waste approach, which should be given the top priority? (incinerate, reuse, reduce, bury, recycle)
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reduce
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in a low-waste approach, which should be given the lowest priority? (incinerate, reuse, reduce, bury, recycle)
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bury
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using a tire to make a swing is an example of
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repurpose
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taking a refillable coffee cup to the office and using it instead of throwaway cups is an example of
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reuse
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which of the 5 R's is the least desirable for the environment?
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recycle
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charging consumers for the amount of waste they throw away is most likely associated with
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use fee-per-bad waste collection system
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all of the following is a low-waste approach except? (extending the useful lifetime for a product, designing products that pollute less when used, built-in obsolescence, modular construction for repair, eliminate unnecessary packaging)
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built-in obsolescence
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environmentalists say that the best way to handle soft-drink and beer containers is to
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use reusable glass bottles
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the most energy efficient beverage container on the market is
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refillable glass
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at the checkout counter, an environmentalist is most likely to say
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i brought my own bag
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the least desirable final resting place for a used tire is
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in the landfill
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compost is most completely described as
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soil condition and organic fertilizer
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compost can help restore (eroded hillsides, overgrazed areas, strip-mined lands, all, or none)
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all of these
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the most desirable type of recycling is
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primary, or closed-loop recycling
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which of the following substances can be recovered from soil waste? (metals, plastic, paper, all, none)
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all of these
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critics of recycling are most likely to claim
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it doesn't make sense to recycle if it costs more than land-filling or incinerating
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obstacles to recycling in the US include (lack of inclusion of environmental costs in market prices, tax breaks, lack of large steady markets, all, none)
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all of these
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recycling paper (saves energy, creates job and saves money, conserves water and landfill space, decreases production costs, all)
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all of these
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consumers of recycled products are most effective when they maximize the amount of ____ waste in the products
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pre-consumer
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plastics
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account for about 60% of the debris found of US beaches
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partially biodegradable plastics need ___ to be broken down
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oxygen and moisture
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of the following materials __ is the most difficult to recycle. (glass, plastic, paper, aluminum, cardboard)
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plastic
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plastic is desirable because of its (reusability, light weight, durability, unbreakability, all)
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all of these
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incinerators
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release toxic substances in fly ash and bottom ash
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components of modern state-of-the-art landfills include (well to monitor potential contamination, collection, storage and treatment of leachate, a cover to prevent water from seeping, methane gas recovery well, all of these)
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all of these
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sanitary landfills typically have problems with
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traffic, noise, and dust
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which of the following statements about landfill leachate is false? (contaminated groundwater is..)
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contaminated groundwater is never a problem with landfills..FALSE
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why are tires heath hazards?
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they serve as breeding grounds for mosquitoes that can transmit diseases
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which of the following is not a typical reuse for discarded tires? (fuel source, dumped to build reefs, ingredient for fertalizers, ingredient in playgrounds and garden hoses)
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ingredient for fertilizer manufacturers
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a waste is considered hazardous if it possesses one of four properties. which is not one of those? (flammable, unstable, soluble, corrosive, carcinogenic, etc.)
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soluble
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what substance has not been linguistically detoxified?
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gasoline
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the RCRA of 1976 (requites standards for hazardous-waste management, requires all firms have permit, provides guidelines and financial aid, all, none)
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all of these
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the superfund program pays
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to clean up inactive or abandoned hazardous waste dump sites
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enforcement of superfund has failed because
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polluters deny responsibility
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it is generally accepted that the enforcement of superfund could be improved by
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setting up an environmental insurance resolution fund
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since 1995, superfund has been funded primarily by
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taxpayers
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deep-well disposal of liquid hazardous wastes is (compex, less visible than other methods, more carefully regulated, the most expensive, all of these)
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all of these
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which of the following methods of hazardous waste conversion methods requires temperatures of up to 2000 degrees C?
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plasma torch
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deep-well injection of hazardous wastes can result in contamination of groundwater by ( surface wastes leaching down, leaking seals, earthquake fractures, all of these, none)
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all of these
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the real cost of dumping hazardous wastes is borne by the
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people who live in affluent areas
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FALSE STATEMENT- most legal US exports of hazardous waste go to Mexico and Panama
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see front
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the most desirable method of reducing hazardous waste is (incineration, conversion to less hazardous materials, perpetual storage, deposit in ocean trenches, recycling and reusing)
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conversion to less hazardous wastes
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bioremediation is most effective for
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a few specific organic wastes
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phytoremediation
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uses plants to remove contaminates
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a serious pollutant that accumulates in human bones because it is not excreted is
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lead
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lead may cause (partial paralysis, mental retardation, palsy, neurological damage, all of these)
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all of these
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which of the following would least protect children from lead poisoning?
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switching from wooden to mechanical pencils
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mercury acts as a
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neurotoxin
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the environmental justice movement attempts to dismantle
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discriminatory land-use practices
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which of the following principles does not contribute to a transition to a low-waste society?
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reduce, reuse, recycle are the best priorities
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individuals can reduce inputs of hazardous waste by all of the following except
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changing automobile oil and dumping it in carefully marked storm drains