question

high fidelity

answer

a combination of technologies that allowed recordings to reproduce music more accurately, with higher notes and deeper bass, than was possible with previous recording technologies.

question

phonograph

answer

an early sound-recording machine invented by Thomas Edison; the recorded material was played back on a cylinder

question

gramophone

answer

a machine invented by Emilie Berliner that could play prerecorded sound on flat discs rather than cylinders

question

non-notated music

answer

music such as a folk song or jazz solo that does not exist in written form

question

telegraph

answer

the first system for using wires to send messages at a distance; invented by Samuel Morse in 1844

question

wireless telegraph

answer

Guglielmo Macaroni's name for his point to point communication tool that used radio waves to transmit messages

question

radio music box memo

answer

David Sarnoff's 1915 plan that outlined how radio could be used as a popular mass medium

question

network

answer

a company that provides common programming to a large group of broadcast stations

question

golden age of radio

answer

a period from that late 1920 until the 1940s during which radio was the dominant medium for home entertainment

question

soap operas

answer

serialized daytime dramas targeted primarily at women.

question

social music

answer

music that people play and sing for one another in the home or other social settings. in the absence of radio, recordings, and later TV, this was the means of hearing music most readily available to the largest number of people

question

rock n roll

answer

a style of music popularized on radio that combined elements of white hillbilly music and black rhythm and blues.

question

race records

answer

a term used by the recording industry prior to 1949 to refer to recordings by popular black artists. it was later replaced by more racially neutral terms such as R&B, soul, or urban contemporary

question

covers

answer

songs recorded by someone other than the original artist.

question

girl groups

answer

a musical group composed of several women singers who harmonize together. example - the Shitelles, the Ronettes and the Shangri-Las (popular in the 50s)

question

British Invasion

answer

the ____ take on classic american rock n roll, blues, and R&B transformed rock n roll and became internationally popular in the 1960s with groups such as the Beatles and later the Rolling Stones and the Who

question

concept album

answer

an album by a solo artist or group that contains related songs on a common theme or even a story, rather than a collection of unrelated hits or covers

question

producer

answer

the person who puts together the right mix of songs, songwriters, technicians and performers to create an album; some observers argue that this person is the key catalyst for a hit album

question

disco

answer

the name of the heavily produced techno club dance music of the 70s, which grew out of the urban gay male subculture with significant black and Latino influences. in many ways, this type of music defined the look and feel of the 1970s pop culture, fashion and film

question

hip-hop

answer

a cultural movement that originated in the 70s and 80s that features four main elements: MCing (rapping over music), DJing - playing recorded music from many sources, B--boying - a style of dancing, and graffiti art

question

rap music

answer

this genre arose out of the hip-hop culture in NYC in the 70s and 80s. it emerged from clubs where DJs played and remixed different records and sounds and then spoke over the top

question

country music

answer

originally referred to as hillbilly or "old-timey" music, this genre evolved out of Irish and Scottish folk music, Mississippi blues and Christian gospel music and grew in the 50s and 60s with the so called Nashville sound

question

long-playing record (LP)

answer

a record format introduced by Colombia records in 1948. the more durable ___ could reproduce 23 minutes of high quality music on each of the 2 sides and was a technological improvement over the 78-rpm

question

45-rpm disc

answer

this record format was developed in the late 40s by RCA. it had a high-quality sound, but held only about 4 minutes of music per side. it was the ideal format for marketing popular hit songs to teens.

question

compact disc (CD)

answer

a digital recording medium that came into common use in the early 80s. they can hold approximately 70 minutes of digitally recorded music.

question

digital recording

answer

a method of recording sound that involves storing music in a computer readable format known as binary information (series of numbers)

question

analog recording

answer

an electromechanical method of recording in which a sounds is translated into ----electrical signals that are then applied to a recording medium

question

MP3

answer

short for moving picture experts group audio layer 3, its a standard for compressing music from CDs or other digital recordings into computer filed that can be easily exchanged on the internet

question

format radio

answer

a style of radio programming designed to appeal to a narrow, specific audience. popular formats include country, contemporary hits, all talk, all sports and oldies

question

shock jocks

answer

radio personalities, such as Howard stern, who attract listeners by making outrageous and offensive comments on the air

question

Federal Communications Commission

answer

the federal agency charged with regulating telecommunications, including radio and TV broadcasting

question

terrestrial radio

answer

AM and FM broadcast radio stations

question

HD radio

answer

this type of radio technology provides listeners with CD quality sound and the choice of multiple channels of programming, but it is not yet commonly available in mass market outlets nor as standard equipment in cars.

question

satellite radio

answer

***the radio service provided by digital signal broadcast from a communications satellite. supported by subscribers***, this service covers a wider area than terrestrial radio and offers programming that is different from corporate-owned terrestrial stations. however, it is costly and doesn't provide local coverage such as traffic and weather reports.

question

streaming audio

answer

audio programming transmitted over the internet

question

podcast

answer

an audio program produced as an MP3 compressed music file that can be listened to online at the listeners convenience or downloaded to a computer or an MP3 player. These sometimes contain video content as well.

question

B

answer

Which of the following developments occurred during World War I? A) David Sarnoff translated radio signals for codes. B) The military took over radio broadcasting. C) Amateurs helped decipher German radio signals. D) KDKA broadcast the results of the 1916 elections.

question

A

answer

What is Akio Morita famous for? A) Inventing the Walkman B) inventing the iPod C) inventing the compact disc D) Inventing the MP3 process

question

C

answer

What is Barry Gordy Jr. best known for? A) discovering Bob Dylan B) starring in the first kinetoscope film C) founding Motown Records D) being the radio operator who received the initial distress call from the Titanic

question

D

answer

Which of the following best describes the biggest influence of the Sony Walkman? A) People stopped buying expensive stereo equipment. B) People started buying music on tapes instead of LPs. C) People started pirating recording onto their own mix tapes instead of paying to purchase music. D) People could start creating their own personal soundtracks instead of listening to music programmed by other people.

question

C

answer

Which of these statements about radio following the growth of television in the late 1940s and 1950s is true? A) This is a trick question: Television didn't become popular until 1962. B) Most radio stations kept on playing the same kinds of programs that they did prior to television. C) Radio reinvented itself to become a companion medium, serving narrow niche audiences with specialized formats. D) A majority of radio stations went bankrupt as people stopped listening to the radio.

question

kinetoscope

answer

an early peepshow like movie projection system developed by Thomas Edison that could be used only by an individual viewer

question

feature length film

answer

a theatrical movie that runs more than 1 hour

question

studio system

answer

a factory like way of producing films that involved having all of the talent, including the actors and directors, working directly for the movie studios. the studios also had almost total control of the distribution system.

question

block bookings

answer

requiring a theater owner to take a whole series of movies in order to get a few desirable, headliner films. this system was eventually found to violate antitrust laws.

question

synchronized soundtrack

answer

sound effects, music and voices that go with the moving images in a movie .

question

talkie

answer

a movie with synchronized sound - these quickly replaced silenced films

question

House Un-American Activities Committee

answer

a congressional committee chaired by Parnell Thomas that help hearings on the influence of communism on Hollywood in 1947. these activities mirrored a wider effort to root out suspected communists in all walks on american life

question

hollywood ten

answer

a group of writers and directors who refused to testify before the house un-american activities committee about their political activities. they were among the first people in california to be blacklisted

question

blacklist

answer

a group of people banned from working in the movie industry in the late 40s and 50s because they were suspected of being communists or communist sympathizers. some of them were able to work under assumed names but others never worked again in the industry.

question

multiplex

answer

a group of movie theaters with anywhere from 3 to 20 screens that share a common box office and concession stand. largely a suburban phenomenon at first, they replaced the old urban Art Deco movie palaces.

question

blockbuster era

answer

a period from the late 70s to the present day in which movie studios make relatively expensive movies that have a large predefined audience.

question

production code

answer

the industry imposed rules that controlled the content of movies from the 30s until the current movie rating system came into use in the 1968

question

ancillary/secondary markets

answer

movie revenue sources other than the domestic box office. these include foreign box office, video rights and TV rights as well as tie-ins and product placements

question

community antenna television

answer

an early form of cable TV used to distribute broadcast channels in communities with poor television reception

question

big 3 networks

answer

the original TV broadcast networks: NBC, CBS, and ABC

question

videocassette recorder

answer

a home videotape machine that allows viewers to make permanent copies of TV shows and thus choose when they want to watch programs

question

direct broadcast satellite

answer

a low-earth-orbit satellite that provides TV programming via a small pizza sized satellite antenna

question

high definition television

answer

a standard for high quality digital broadcasting that features a high resolution picture, wide screen format and enhanced sound

question

standard digital television

answer

a requirement for digital broadcasting that allowsix channels to fit in the broadcast frequency space occupied by a single analog signal

question

television network

answer

a company that provides programs to local stations around the country; the local affiliate stations choose which programs to carry

question

Public Broadcasting System

answer

a nonprofit broadcast network that provides a wide range of public service and educational programs. its funded by government appropriations, private industry underwriting and viewer support

question

Big four networks

answer

the broadcast landscape we know today: the big 3 plus Fox network

question

PeopleMeter

answer

an electronic box used by the ratings company Nielsen Media Research to record which TV shows people watch

question

sweeps

answer

the four times during the year that Nielsen Media Research measures the sizes of individual TV station audiences

question

rating point

answer

the percentage of the total potential TV audience actually watching a particular show.

question

share

answer

the percentage of TV sets in use that are tuned to a particular show

question

telenovelas

answer

spanish language soap operas popular in both Latin America and the US

question

public access channels

answer

local cable TV channels that air public affairs programming and other locally produced shows

question

video on demand

answer

TV channels that allow consumer to order movies, news or other programs at any time over fiber optic lines

question

cutting the cord

answer

replacing traditional paid video services, such as cable or satellite TV with internet based streaming video services

question

internet

answer

a diverse set of independent networks, interlinked to provide its users with the appearance of a single, uniform network, it is a mass medium like no other, incorporating elements of interpersonal, group and mass communications.

question

packet switching

answer

a method for breaking up long messages into small pieces and transmitting them independently across a computer network. once they arrive at their destination, the receiving computer reassembles the message into its original form

question

ARPAnet (advanced researched projects agency)

answer

the first nationwide computer network, which became the first major component of the internet

question

TCP (transmission control protocol)

answer

this controls how data is sent out on the internet

question

IP (internet protocol)

answer

this provides the address for each computer on the internet

question

electronic mail (e-mail)

answer

a message sent from one computer user to another across a network

question

instant messaging (IM)

answer

email systems that allow two or more users to chat with one another in real time, hold virtual meetings that span multiple cities or even countries and keep track of which of their "buddies" are currently logged on to the system

question

listservs

answer

internet discussion groups made up of subscribers that use email to exchange messages between as few as a dozen people to as many as several thousand

question

hypertext

answer

material in a format containing links that allow the reader to move easily from 1 section to another and from document to document. the most commonly used are Web pages

question

World Wide Web (WWW.)

answer

a system developed by Tim Berners Lee that allows users to view and link documents located anywhere in the world using standard software

question

uniform resource locator (URL)

answer

one of the three major components of the web; the address for where web pages are located

question

hypertext transfer protocol (http)

answer

a method of sending text, graphics or anything else over the internet from a server to a web browser

question

hypertext markup language (HTML)

answer

the programming language used to create and format web pages

question

Mosaic

answer

the first easy to use graphical web browser, developed by a group of student programmers

question

narrowband service

answer

a relatively slow internet connection using a modern and conventional copper phone lines. although it is acceptable for viewing text and graphics, it is generally considered too slow for video and audio service

question

broadband service

answer

a high speed continuous connection to the internet using a cable modern from a cable TV provider or a digital subscriber line from a phone company. They are typically 10 or more times faster than dial up services that use a modern

question

social media

answer

web sites that allow users to generate content, comment, tag and network with friends or other like minded people

question

aggregator site

answer

an organizing web site that provides surfers with easy access to email, news, online store and many other sites

question

Weblog

answer

a collection of links and commentary in hypertext form on the world wide web that can be created and posted on the internet with relatively little effort, they can be public diaries, collections of photos or commentaries on the news

question

citizen journalism

answer

journalism created by people other than professional journalists, often distributed over the internet

question

hacker ethic

answer

a set of values from the early days of interactive computing that holds that users should have absolute control over their computer systems and free access to all information contained on those computers.

question

cookies

answer

tiny files that web sites create to identify visitors and potentially track their actions on the site and the web

question

D

answer

people connect to the internet using which of the following: A) cable TV lines B) telephone lines C) wireless services D) all the above

question

B

answer

The movie that revolutionized internet based promotion of films was which of the following: A) my big fat greek wedding B) The Blair Witch Project C) Logans Run D) star wars episode 3

question

C

answer

which of the following is considered a major new medium of mass communication: A) memory sticks B) cellphone calls C) video games D) handwritten letters

question

cyberspace

answer

the internet and the interactions that take place there

question

C

answer

Worldwide, ____ percent of the population has access to the internet A) 4 B) 73 C) 24 D) 41

question

A

answer

in north america ___ percent of the population has access to the internet at home A) 73 B) 32 C) 4 D) 16

question

B

answer

the world wide web became the standard for posting documents on the internet because its creator did which of the following: A) created something that was better than any of the alternatives B) gave it away for free C) had support from both Microsoft and Apple D) came up with a unique idea

question

B

answer

According to our textbook, video games could be considered a new mass medium because A) video games are available using a range of technologies B) the consoles can be used to deliver a range of media content, and video games are becoming a new way to deliver advertising C) the major video game systems are all protected by the top 6 big media companies D) none of the above

question

B

answer

one of the big advantages of distributing a movie over the internet instead of in theaters : A) the quality of sound is higher online B) the cost of online distribution is close to zero C) the quality of the image is higher online D) you can charge more for people to see it

question

A

answer

which of the following statements is true about bloggers with china? A) they can be punished if they are critical of the chinese government B) they may post anything as long as it doesnt involve sexually explicit images C) they are allowed to post anything they want D) they are encouraged to disclose local corruption

question

D

answer

arthur sulzberger publisher of the NY times said: A) he always expects to be in the business of putting black ink on white paper B) the times will be selling newspapers 100 years from now C) the times is in the business of selling newspapers D) the times is in the business of selling news and advertising space

question

advertising

answer

defined by the american marketing association as any paid form of nonpersonal communication about an organization, product, service or idea by an identified sponsor

question

industrialization

answer

the movement from work done by hand using muscle or water power in small shops to mass production of goods in factories that used energy sources such as steam power or electricity. it was part of the modernization process

question

modernization

answer

the process of change from a society in which peoples indentities and roles are fixed at birth to a society where people can decide who they want to be, where they want to live, what they want to do and how they want to present themselves to the world.

question

economy of abundance

answer

an economy in which there are as many or more goods available as there are people who want to or have the means to buy them

question

brand name

answer

a word or phrase attached to prepackages consumer goods so that they can be better promoted to the general public through advertising and so that consumers can distinguish a given product from the competition

question

local advertising

answer

advertising designed to get people to patronize local stores, businesses or service providers

question

direct action message

answer

an advertising message designed to get consumers to go to a particular place to do something specific such as purchasing a product, obtaining a service or engaging in a behavior

question

national advertising

answer

advertising designed to build demand for a world wide available product or service and that is not directing the consumer to local retail or service outlets

question

indirect action message

answer

an advertising message designed to build the image of and demand for a product, without specifically urging that a particular action be taken at a particular time and place

question

advocacy ads

answer

advertising designed to promote a particular point of view rather than a product or service. it can be sponsored by a government, corporation, trade association or nonprofit organization

question

public service ads

answer

advertising designed to promote the messages of nonprofit institutions and government agencies. the messages are typically produced and run without charge by advertising professionals and the media. many of these ads are produced by the Ad Council

question

business to business (trade) ads

answer

advertising that promotes products and services directly to other businesses rather than to the general consumer market

question

open contract

answer

an arrangement that allows advertising agencies to sell space in any publication rather than just a limited few

question

the big idea

answer

the goal of every advertising campaign - an advertising concept that will grab peoples attention and make them take notice, remember and take action

question

brand image

answer

the persona attached to a brand and the associated product that gives the product a personality or identity that makes it stand out from similar products and sticks in the mind of the consumer

question

media planning

answer

the process central to a successful ad campaign of figuring out which media to use, buying the media at the best rates and then evaluating how effective the purchase was.

question

CPM

answer

cost per thousand exposures to the target audience - a figure used in media planning evaluation

question

zoned coverage

answer

when a newspaper targets news coverage or advertisements to a specific region of a city or market

question

drive time

answer

the morning and afternoon commutes in urban area; the captive audience makes this a popular time to advertise on radio

question

targeting

answer

the process of trying to make a particular product or service appeal to a narrowly defined group. groups are often targeted using demographics, geographics and psychographics

question

clutter

answer

the large number of commercials, advertising and other nonprogramming messages and interruptions that compete for consumer attention on radio, TV and now the internet

question

subliminal advertising

answer

messages that are allegedly embedded so deeply in an ad that they cannot be perceived consciously.

question

integrated marketing communication

answer

an overall communication strategy for reaching key audiences using advertising, public relation, sales promotion and interactive media

question

product integration

answer

the paid integration of a product or service into the central theme of media content. this is most common in TV programming or movies, but it can be found in books, magazine articles, web pages or even songs

question

C

answer

The advertising agency department responsible for deciding where to place the advertising is which of the following? A) creative activity B) research and planning C) media planning D) None of the choices are correct.

question

C

answer

The advertising agency department responsible for deciding on the target market for the advertising is which of the following? A) None of the choices are correct. B) creative activity C) research and planning D) media planning

question

C

answer

The advertising agency department responsible for writing and designing the actual advertisements is which of the following? A) research and planning B) media planning C) creative activity D) None of the choices are correct.

question

C

answer

In advertising, the cost of reaching 1,000 consumers with a particular advertisement in a particular medium is know as which of the following? A) AIC B) Y2K C) CPM D) CPT

question

B

answer

As of 2011, the fastest growing advertising media type in the U.S. was which of the following? A) Broadcast television B) Digital specialty C) Magazines D) Cable television

question

A

answer

Broadcast television networks carry an average of ___________ of advertising and promotion clutter per hour. A) 15 minutes B) 10 minutes C) 12 minutes D) 8 minutes

question

A

answer

The process of going from having work done by muscle to being done by machines is which of the following? A) industrialization B) modernization C) standardization D) urbanization

question

C

answer

The first major mass medium to be supported primarily by advertising in the U.S. was which of the following? A) cable television B) broadcast television C) newspapers D) radio

question

A

answer

An advertisement designed to sell soda to a young, hip audience would be called _________________ advertising: A) targeted B) rated C) zoned D) contracted

question

public relations

answer

the management function that establishes and maintains mutually beneficial relationships between an organization and the publics on whom its sucess or failure depends

question

public

answer

any group of people who share a common set of interests and goals. these include both internal, which are made up of people within the organization and external, which consists of people outside the organization

question

press agentry

answer

an early form of public relations that involved sending material from the press agent to the media with little opportunity for interaction and feedback. it often involved conduct that would be considered deceptive and unethical today

question

engineering consent

answer

the application of the principles of psychology and motivation to influencing public opinion and creating public support for a particular position

question

opinion leadership

answer

a two step process of persuasion that uses respected and influential individuals to deliver messages with the hope of influencing members of a community, rather that just relying on the mass media to deliver the message

question

intranets

answer

computer networks designed to communicate with people within an organization. they are used to improve two way internal communication and contain tools that allow for direct feedback. they are a tool for communicating with internal publics

question

media relations

answer

two way interactions between PR professionals and members of the press. these can involve press conferences, press releases, video news releases, or interview. typically they involve the placement of unpaid messages within the standard programming or news content of the medium

question

crisis

answer

any situation that is perceived by the public as being damaging to the reputation or image of an organization.

question

D

answer

Ivy Lee suggested that the best way for the railroads to deal with accidents, in terms of the company's image was to do which of the following? A) hide the evidence B) all of the answers here are correct. C) bribe reporters not to write about them D) deal with the press openly

question

B

answer

Edward L. Bernays is remembered for which of the following reasons? A) he handled the public relations for O.J. Simpson following his criminal trial. B) he wrote the first book about public relations and taught early public relations courses. C) he made Elvis a star. D) he invented the press release.

question

A

answer

According to Edward Bernays, public relations campaigns should be designed to do which of the following? A) establish mutually beneficial relationships for the company and various publics. B) primarily serve the general public. C) primarily help the press. D) primarily help the client.

question

B

answer

A press conference is a tool primarily to communicate with which of the following? A) none of these choices are correct. B) the media C) external publics D) internal publics

comm media final

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards