Chemistry Matter and Change – Glencoe – Chapter 7 – Flashcards
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octet rule
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atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to acquire eight valence electrons
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chemical bond
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the force that holds two atoms together
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cation
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postively charged ion
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anion
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negatively charged ion
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compound
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a chemical combination of two or more different elements
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ionic bond
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the electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound
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ionic compound
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compounds that contain ionic bonds
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crystal lattice
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three dimensional geometric arrangement
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electrolyte
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an ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current
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lattice energy
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the energy required to separate 1 mol of the ions of an ionic compound
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nonmetal
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an element thta is generally a gas or a dull, brittle solid and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
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formula unit
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the chemical formula for an ionic compound which represent the simplest ratio of the ions involved
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monatomic ion
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a one-atom ion, such as Mg^2 or Br^-
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polyatomic ion
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ions made up of more than one atom
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oxyanion
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polyatomic ion composed of an element, usually a nonmetal, bonded to one or more oxygen atoms
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physical property
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a characteristic of matter tht can be observed or measured without altering the sample's composition
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electron sea model
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proposes that all the metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a "sea" of electrons
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delocalized electron
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electrons present in the outer energy levels of the bonding metallic atoms are not held by any specific atom and can move easily from one atom to the next
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metallic bond
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the attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons
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alloy
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mixture of elements that has metallic properties
