Eysenck Ch. 14 (Final Exam) – Flashcards
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Eysenck identified traits through the use of
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Twin studies
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A trait is best described as
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an important semi-permanent disposition of a person.
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Mathematically, the technique of reducing a number of variables to a smaller number is called
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factor analysis
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Which of the following would be a bipolar trait?
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extroversion/introversion
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Which of the following statements is true?
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Traits are more permanent than states
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Which labels best fits Hans Eysenck
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Psychologist
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In Eysenck's theory, super factors are also called
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Types
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According to Eysenck, introverts and extraverst are different in many respects. The most important difference is
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level of cortical arousal
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People who score high on the psychoticism (P)
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egocentric, aggressive and hostile
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People who score high on the neuroticism (N) scale are
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emotionally overreactive
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According to research reported by Eysenck, sick people who react to their illness with anger and aggression are most likely to die from
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heart disease
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Eysenck's P Factor stands for
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Psychoticism
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The key for Eysenck was that the individual differences in people's personalities were due to
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biology
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Eysenck's encounter with the fascist right and his later battles with the radical left suggested to him that the trait of... was equally prevalent in both extremes of the political spectrum
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Authoritarianism
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Eysenck's second wife, Sybil Rostal, was a
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beautiful quantitative psychologist
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People who score low on...tend to be quiet and reserved
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extraversion
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Which of the following is not one of Eysenck's criterian for identifying factors?
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inductive method of investigation
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Which is not one of the four levels of hierarchy behavior organization recognized by Eysenck?
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Spontaneous acts
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Which one of the following is not one of Eysenck's superfactors?
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Introversion
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Which of the following is not of of the personality assessments created and developed by Eysenck?
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MMPI
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The concept of humanity embodied by the Factor and Trait theories is best described as
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biological
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According to Eysenck, low levels of cortical arousal and high sensory thresholds characterize individuals who score high on the __________ scale.
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extraversion
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Which is the correct order of levels of behavioral organization from the simplest to the most complex, according to Eysenck?
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specific acts/cognitions, habitual responses, traits, types
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Eysenck and Grossarth-Maticek found that
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people with a helpless, hopeless attitude tended to die more from cancer than from heart disease.
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Research on traits and emotion tends to support the hypothesis that
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people's actions can subvert their predispositions to certain behaviors.
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Eysenck and the Five-factor theorists:
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both place a heavy emphasis on biological components of personality.
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Eysenck's P type is a bipolar factor consisting of
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psychoticism and superego.
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Eysenck claimed that extraverted types are characterized by all the following traits EXCEPT
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thoughtful
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Eysenck's psychoticism factor (P) is characteristic of
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normal and abnormal personalities
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Eysenck believed that the primary difference between extraverts and introverts is one of
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cortical arousal level.
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In Eysenck's theory of personality, individuals who tend to be empathetic, caring, cooperative, and highly socialized score
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low on psychoticism
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According to Eysenck, high P scorers are
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impulsive and hostile
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Eysenck believed that introverts are characterized by
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higher levels of cortical arousal
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According to Eysenck, introverted types are characterized by all the following traits EXCEPT
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optimistic
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Eysenck claimed that introverted neurotics are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
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hysteria
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In factor analysis, correlations of scores with factors are called
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factor loadings
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Eysenck argued that many experimental studies on the same topic yield inconclusive or inconsistent results because the experimenters failed to
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take personality factors into account
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Eysenck and the Five-factor theorists:
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both place a heavy emphasis on biological components of personality.
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Research on traits and emotion tends to support the hypothesis that
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people's actions can subvert their predispositions to certain behaviors.
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In Eysenck's theory of personality, the three basic factors of P, E, and N are
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independent of each other.
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In general, the purpose of factor analysis is to
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reduce many variables to fewer basic factors.
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According to Eysenck's findings, cold, nonconforming, and aggressive personalities tend to score high on
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psychoticism.
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An example of a unipolar trait would be
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height or weight.
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What evidence did Eysenck present on the biological bases of personality?
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Identical twins have more similar personalities than fraternal twins reared together.
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The people who most influenced Eysenck were
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Cyril Burt and Charles Spearman
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In Eysenck's theory of personality, individuals who tend to be empathetic, caring, cooperative, and highly socialized score
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low on psychoticism
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Which one of the following is NOT one of Eysenck's personality dimensions from the PEN?
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introversion
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A _________ is a classification of things according to their natural relationships while a _______ can both predict and explain behavior.
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taxonomy; theory
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Which of the following is not one of the personality assessments created and developed by Eysenck?
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MMPI
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A major thrust of Eysenck's theory is that personality results from the basic genetic and neurophysiological makeup of humans. Which biological research findings support this assertion?
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Cortical arousal and sensory stimulation levels match certain personality traits
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According to Eysenck, an individual characterized by hysteria, suggestibility, and somatic symptoms would score high on the ____________ scale.
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neuroticism
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Eysenck's second wife, Sybil Rostal, was a _________
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beautiful quantitative psychologist
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Traits generated through factor analysis may be either _____ or ______.
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unipolar, bipolar
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The concept of humanity embodied by the Factor and Trait theories is best described as
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biological
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The key for Eysenck was that the individual differences in people's personalities were due to _________.
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biology
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Eysenck's three general types or superfactors are
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bipolar factors
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Some people are vulnerable to organic and psychiatric illness because they have a genetic or acquired weakness that predisposes them to the illness. This explanation for an illness is what Eysenck called the
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diathesis-stress model.
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Which is not one of the four levels of hierarchy behavior organization recognized by Eysenck?
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spontaneous acts
