question

1. Researchers advocating the situational viewpoint believed leaders were made, not born. True False

answer

True

question

2. In the information age, companies succeed according to how well they can capture the benefits from "economies of scale and scope". True False

answer

False

question

3. Competitive advantage in one generation of a product's life is no guarantee of success for future generations of that product. True False

answer

True

question

4. History of the organization includes not only the recent past that bears upon today's work but also myths about the organization's origin. True False

answer

True

question

5. Autonomy is the degree to which a job provides an individual with some control over what he does and how he does it. True False

answer

True

question

6. Solving a morale problem exemplifies a structured task. True False

answer

False

question

7. With the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, judgers prefer activities that are unstructured. True False

answer

False

question

8. Leaders at higher organizational levels spend a considerable amount of time implementing policies. True False

answer

False

question

9. Greater horizontal complexity is associated with an increased likelihood for communication breakdowns between subunits. True False

answer

True

question

10. The degree of formalization in an organization tends to vary with its size. True False

answer

True

question

11. Spatial complexity makes it easier for leaders to have face-to-face communication with subordinates, and to personally provide support and encouragement. True False

answer

False

question

12. Organizational climate is partly a function of organizational culture. True False

answer

True

question

13. What may appear to be a major technical innovation may also be devastating to organizational culture. True False

answer

True

question

14. Leaders can change an organization's culture. True False

answer

True

question

15. The most important point regarding situational engineering is to get leaders and followers to understand that the situation is not set in concrete. True False

answer

True

question

16. What plays the most important role in determining who emerges as a leader, in response to the Great Man theory of leadership according to leadership researchers? A. Abilities B. Traits C. Situation D. Behavior

answer

C. Situation

question

17. The role theory clarified how situational demands and constraints cause? A. vertical complexity. B. horizontal complexity. C. role overload. D. role conflict

answer

D. role

question

18. Jeff works as a self-employed consultant. He decides when, where and how he works based on market demand and personal preference. Jeff's job has a high degree of? A. task autonomy. B. task interdependence. C. task structure. D. task feedback.

answer

A. task autonomy

question

19. When there is a known procedure for accomplishing a task, rules governing how one goes about it and if these rules are followed, there is one result. These features characterize a(n)? A. task autonomy. B. structured task. C. unstructured task. D. task interdependence.

answer

B. structured task

question

20. Which of the following statements about unstructured tasks is false? A. Unstructured tasks are by nature somewhat ill defined. B. Reducing the degree of ambiguity inherent in an unstructured situation is a leadership behavior appreciated by followers. C. While it is easier for a leader to give instruction in unstructured tasks, it is not necessarily the most helpful thing to do. D. Subordinates need help when a task is unstructured.

answer

C. While it is easier for a leader to give instruction in unstructured tasks, it is not necessarily the most helpful thing to do.

question

21. Workers may be able to accomplish their tasks in an autonomous fashion, but the products of their efforts must be coordinated in order for the group to be successful. This refers to? A. task interdependence. B. task autonomy. C. task structure. D. task feedback.

answer

A. task interdependence.

question

22. If we consider the example of ironing a shirt, which of the following task dimensions would be high? A. Task feedback B. Task autonomy C. Task structure D. Task interdependence

answer

C. Task structure

question

23. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an adaptive challenge? A. The problem can only be solved by changing the system itself. B. It may be difficult to reach a consensus on what the problem really it. C. The problem may be complex, but there is an expert solution to solve it. D. These are all characteristic of an adaptive challenge.

answer

C. The problem may be complex, but there is an expert solution to solve it.

question

24. The information age organization operates with integrated business processes that cut across traditional business functions. This concerns which operating assumption underlying the information age? A. links to customers and suppliers. B. cross functions. C. global scales. D. knowledge workers.

answer

B. cross functions.

question

25. Industrial age companies prospered by offering low-cost but standardized products and services. This pertains to? A. customer segmentation. B. links to customers and suppliers. C. innovations. D. cross functions.

answer

A. customer segmentation.

question

26. The organizational structure is? A. a tangible reality. B. an end in itself. C. sacrosanct and permanent. D. a tool for getting things done in organizations.

answer

D. a tool for getting things done in organizations.

question

27. Typically, greater horizontal complexity is associated with? A. the number of hierarchical levels appearing on an organization chart. B. the increased likelihood for communication breakdowns between subunits. C. the degree of standardization in an organization. D. the diffusion of decision making throughout an organization.

answer

B. the increased likelihood for communication breakdowns between subunits.

question

28. This refers to the number of hierarchical levels appearing on an organization chart. A. Centralization B. Formalization C. Horizontal complexity D. Vertical complexity

answer

D. Vertical complexity

question

29. Which of the following is an advantage of decentralized organizations? A. Uniform policies and procedures. B. Minimal participation in the decision process. C. Greater acceptance and ownership of decision outcomes. D. Clearer coordination procedures.

answer

C. Greater acceptance and ownership of decision outcomes.

question

30. Organizational climate? A. is highly related to job satisfaction. B. is wider in scope. C. has more to do with task perceptions of work. D. is a system of shared beliefs among members of a group.

answer

A. is highly related to job satisfaction.

question

31. Organizations with a _____________ culture tend to have formal rules and procedures. A. clan B. adhocracy C. hierarchy D. market

answer

C. hierarchy

question

32. Which of the following types of culture has roots that mean "temporary or specialized"? A. Adhocracy culture B. Hierarchy culture C. Clan culture D. Market culture

answer

A. Adhocracy culture

question

33. Which of the following statements concerning societal culture is inaccurate? A. Societal culture is comprised of the learned behaviors characterizing the total way of life of members within any given society. B. Things like the beliefs and myths of a culture that provide context to manifest behaviors are generally hidden from view. C. To most outsiders, the most salient and visible aspect of any culture is generally the values. D. Becoming aware and respectful of cultural differences and cultural perspectives is critical for leaders in the global context.

answer

C. To most outsiders, the most salient and visible aspect of any culture is generally the values.

question

34. According to the GLOBE study, societies higher on future orientation tend to? A. Have flexible and adaptive organizations and managers. B. Assign greater weight to love in marriage decisions. C. Have lower rates of economic success. D. Have lower heart attack rates.

answer

A. Have flexible and adaptive organizations and managers.

question

35. GLOBE researchers identified six cultural dimensions that were determined to be applicable across all global cultures for assessing CLT's including? A. team-oriented leadership. B. self-protective leadership. C. autonomous leadership. D. All of these are applicable dimensions of culture.

answer

D. All of these are applicable dimensions of culture.

question

36. GLOBE researchers identified 22 specific attributes and behaviors that are viewed universally across cultures as contributing to leadership effectiveness. Which of the following attributes was not included in that list? A. Dependable B. Decisive C. Foresighted D. Nonexplicit

answer

D. nonexplicit

question

37. GLOBE researchers identified 8 specific attributes and behaviors that are viewed universally across cultures as being impediments to leader effectiveness. Which of the following attributes was/were included in that list? A. Cautious B. Domineering C. Asocial D. All of these were included in the list.

answer

C. Asocial

question

38. GLOBE researchers identified 35 specific attributes and behaviors that are viewed as positive in some cultures but negative in others. Which of the following attributes was/were included in that list? A. Noncooperative B. Formal C. Dynamic D. All of these were included in the list.

answer

B. formal

question

1. Leader-member exchange has not changed in the last twenty years. True False

answer

False

question

2. The normative decision model has been established to be an all-encompassing theory. True False

answer

False

question

3. Acceptance of a decision is not always critical for implementation. True False

answer

True

question

4. The normative decision model shifts focus away from the situation and the followers to the leader. True False

answer

False

question

5. In situational leadership, 'follower readiness' refers to a follower's ability and willingness to accomplish a particular task. True False

answer

True

question

6. The situational leadership theory is a useful way for getting leaders to think about how leadership effectiveness may depend somewhat on being flexible with different subordinates. True False

answer

True

question

7. The contingency model of leadership maintains that leaders are flexible in their behavior. True False

answer

False

question

8. The highest levels of situational favorability occur when leader-member relations are good, the task is structured and the position power is high. True False

answer

True

question

9. According to Fiedler's contingency model, the content of leadership training should emphasize behavioral flexibility in leaders rather than situational engineering. True False

answer

False

question

10. Position power is not a characteristic of the leader but of the situation the leader finds himself or herself in. True False

answer

True

question

11. The path-goal theory assumes that leaders use the same styles with different subordinates. True False

answer

False

question

12. According to path-goal theory, followers will actively support a leader as long as they view the leader's actions as a means for increasing their own levels of satisfaction. True False

answer

True

question

13. According to path-goal theory, follower satisfaction is directly related to the degree of participative behaviors manifested by the leader. True False

answer

False

question

14. Path-goal theory considers three situational factors that can serve as an independent motivational factor. True False

answer

False

question

15. Both leader behaviors and follower characteristics are important in determining outcomes in path-goal theory. True False

answer

True

question

16. What is the unique contribution of the LMX theory? A. It looks at just the personal characteristics of the leader. B. It looks at the nature of the relationship between the leader and his/her followers. C. It looks at the characteristics of the situation. D. It looks at the interaction between the leader and his/her followers.

answer

B. It looks at the nature of the relationship between the leader and his/her followers.

question

17. The normative decision model is limited only to..? A. decision making. B. task behaviors. C. goal accomplishment. D. expectancy.

answer

A. decision making.

question

18. If a decision has a rational or objectively determinable "better or worse" alternative, the leader should select the better alternative. This refers to ..? A. strategic agility. B. decision acceptance. C. problem solving. D. decision quality.

answer

D. decision quality.

question

19. The least amount of time is taken to make and implement..? A. group decisions. B. consultative decisions. C. autocratic decisions. D. delegated decisions.

answer

C. autocratic decisions.

question

20. Which of the following statements about the normative decision model is true? A. The model shifts focus away from the leader and followers to the situation. B. For ease of presentation, each factor has been placed solely within one circle or another. C. It organizes concepts in a familiar initiating structure. D. It is about personal opinions, rather than a leadership theory.

answer

B. For ease of presentation, each factor has been placed solely within one circle or another.

question

21. Which two broad categories of leader behaviors did the situational leadership model originally identify? A. Directive and supportive B. Transformational and transactional C. Behavior-oriented and cognitively-oriented D. Initiating structure and consideration

answer

D. Initiating structure and consideration

question

22. Situational leadership theory has its roots in ..? A.) the University of Michigan studies. B.) the Ohio State studies. C.) the Yale-Harvard Leadership project. D.) the Hawthorne studies.

answer

B. the Ohio State studies.

question

23. According to the situational leadership theory, four types of leadership behavior can be identified. They include all of the following except..? A. delegating. B. selling. C. participating. D. modeling.

answer

D. modeling

question

24. Follower readiness refers to..? A. how ready an individual is to perform a particular task. B. an assessment of an individual's personality. C. a personal characteristic. D. an assessment of an individual's traits and values.

answer

A. how ready an individual is to perform a particular task.

question

25. What should leaders first assess in order to apply the situational leadership model? A. The level of task and relationship behavior that has the best chance of producing successful outcomes. B. The readiness level of the follower relative to the task to be accomplished. C. The follower's current level of readiness and then determining the leader behavior that best suits the follower in that task. D. The behavior pattern that would fit the follower if that follower were one level higher in readiness.

answer

B. The readiness level of the follower relative to the task to be accomplished.

question

26. The only situational consideration in situational leadership is...? A. decision making. B. readiness. C. knowledge of the task. D. goal setting.

answer

C. knowledge of the task

question

27. In terms of the four leadership styles of situational leadership, a high task/low relationship behavior is referred to as ..? A. delegating. B. selling. C. participating. D. telling.

answer

D. telling

question

28. The delegating leadership style has ..? A. high task/low relationship behavior. B. low task/low relationship behavior. C. high task/high relationship behavior. D. low task/high relationship behavior.

answer

B. low task/low relationship behavior.

question

29. Which of the following statements about leadership is true? A. Situational leadership theory maintains that leaders are very consistent in their behavior. B. Situational leadership theory maintains that leaders' effectiveness is primarily determined by changing the situation to fit the particular leader's style. C. The contingency model emphasizes flexibility in leader behaviors. D. The contingency model suggests that leader effectiveness is primarily determined by selecting the right kind of leader for a certain situation.

answer

D. The contingency model suggests that leader effectiveness is primarily determined by selecting the right kind of leader for a certain situation.

question

30. Situational leadership theory suggests that the leader should base his behavior upon..? A. valued rewards. B. follower maturity. C. task structure. D. leader-member relations.

answer

B. follower maturity.

question

31. Fiedler's contingency theory uses which of the following instruments to determine the relevant characteristic of the leader? A. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator B. The California Personality Inventory C. The Least Preferred Coworker Scale D. The Five Factor Personality Inventory

answer

C. The Least Preferred Coworker Scale

question

32. Which of the following statements about high-LPC leaders is true? A. If tasks are being accomplished in an acceptable manner, they will move to their secondary level of motivation, which is forming and maintaining relationships with followers. B. They are primarily motivated by the task, which means that they primarily gain satisfaction from task accomplishment. C. They are primarily motivated by relationships, which mean that they are primarily satisfied by establishing and maintaining close interpersonal relationships. D. They will focus on improving their relationships with followers after they are assured that assigned tasks are being satisfactorily accomplished.

answer

C. They are primarily motivated by relationships, which mean that they are primarily satisfied by establishing and maintaining close interpersonal relationships.

question

33. Which of the following is the most powerful subelement in determining overall situation favorability? A. Leader-member relations B. Task structures C. Position powers D. Subordinate acceptance

answer

A. Leader-member relations

question

34. This is the weakest element of situational favorability. A. Subordinate acceptance B. Leader-member relations C. Task structure D. Position power

answer

D. Position Power

question

35. The highest levels of situational favorability occur when..? A. leader-member relations are good, the task is structured and position power is high. B. there are high levels of leader-member conflict, the task is unstructured and the leader does not have the power to reward/punish subordinates. C. leader-member relations are good, the task is unstructured and position power is low. D. there are high levels of leader-member conflict, the task is structured and the leader has the power to reward/punish subordinates.

answer

A. leader-member relations are good, the task is structured and position power is high.

question

36. Which leader behaviors are marked by attention to the competing demands of treating followers equally while recognizing status differentials between the leader and the followers? A. Achievement-oriented leadership B. Directive leadership C. Participative leadership D. Supportive leadership

answer

D. Supportive leadership

question

37. Leaders exhibiting participative leadership ..? A. are very similar to the task behaviors from SLT. B. are very similar to the relationship behaviors in SLT. C. engage in the behaviors that mark consultative and group behaviors. D. would be seen as both demanding and supporting in interactions with their followers.

answer

C. engage in the behaviors that mark consultative and group behaviors.

question

38. Internal-locus-of-control followers ..? A. are much more satisfied with leaders who exhibit achievement-oriented behaviors than they are with leaders who are supportive. B. believe outcomes are a result of their own decisions. C. are more satisfied with directive leader behaviors than they are with participative leader behaviors. D. believe they are, relatively speaking, "pawns of fate".

answer

B. believe outcomes are a result of their own decisions.

question

39. Which of the following statements about the path-goal theory is true? A. It considers three subelements in situation favorability including leader-member relations, task structure and position power. B. If a task is very structured and routine, the formal authority system has constrained followers' behaviors. C. It maintains that follower and situational variables can impact each other. D. Redundant leader behaviors might be interpreted by followers as a complete lack of understanding.

answer

C. It maintains that follower and situational variables can impact each other.

question

40. In terms of the path-goal theory, which of the following is considered a situational factor? A. The decision quality B. Leader-member relations C. Position power D. The task

answer

D. The task

MGT 320 ch 12 & 13 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards