The Three Movements or Flows Within International Economic Exchange Essay Example
The Three Movements or Flows Within International Economic Exchange Essay Example

The Three Movements or Flows Within International Economic Exchange Essay Example

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  • Pages: 2 (410 words)
  • Published: October 7, 2016
  • Type: Essay
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Economists divide international economic exchanges into three categories: trade, labor flow, and capital movement. Trade refers to the exchange of goods such as cloth or wheat in the 19th century. Labor flow involves people migrating in search of employment. Capital movement entails both short-term and long-term investments across great distances.

This paragraph presents information about the second type of flow, namely the flow of labour. It states that the migration of indentured labour from India had both positive and negative aspects, including faster economic growth but also great misery. It mentions that while some experienced higher incomes, others lived in poverty. It also notes technological advances in certain areas and the emergence of new forms of coercion in others. The paragraph concludes by mentioning that hundreds of thousands of Indian and Chinese labourers were involved in various work projec

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ts globally, such as plantations, mines, and road/railway construction.

Indentured labourers in India were employed under contracts that promised their return travel to India after working for five years on their employer's plantation. The majority of these workers originated from present-day regions such as eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, central India and the dry districts of Tamil Nadu. The lives of the impoverished were greatly impacted by the decline in cottage industries, increase in land rents, clearance of lands for mines and plantations. Consequently, they struggled to pay rent, accumulated significant debts and were compelled to migrate in search of employment. International economic exchange involves three types of movements or flows: trade flows, human capital flows, and capital flows or investments.

Global economic integration involves three key components: agricultural product trade, labor migration

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and financial loans between nations. India has historically played a crucial part in trade by exporting textiles and spices to Europe in exchange for gold and silver. Additionally, after Columbus discovered the Americas, India benefitted from the introduction of various foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes, chillies, and sweet potatoes.

In the nineteenth century, the British extensively utilized indentured labor to establish colonial dominance. This involved employing workers for mines, plantations, and factories abroad. Moreover, as England ruled over India at that time, the consequences of loan debts incurred from the United States during World War I impacted India as well. Consequently, the British government imposed higher taxes and interest rates on India while also lowering prices for goods purchased from the colony. These actions indirectly but significantly affected both the Indian economy and its population.

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