question

What is the difference between absolute bearing and a relative bearing?

answer

Absolute bearing is when North is 0 degree while relative bearing is based on any two headings.

question

Room temp for infants and children shoud be maintained as warm as

answer

85oF

question

Areas needing special cleaning attention on a weekly or monthly routine would include

answer

ceiling and wall mounted fixtures and tracks

question

A glass suction bottle should ideally be

answer

cleaned with a disinfectant solution and autoclaved before reuse

question

Storage shelves must be cleaned with a germicide

answer

each week

question

While a surgical case is in progress

answer

doors should remain closed

question

When cleaning the floor between cases

answer

a clean mop head must be used each time, a two-bucket system, one detergent and one clear water, is used, buckets must be empited and cleaned between ea case, ALL OF THE ABOVE

question

A dropped sterile item may only be used if the

answer

wrapper is imprevious and contact area is dry

question

In the event that a child needs emergency surgery, and the parents cannot be located to sign the permission

answer

a written consultation by two physicians other than the surgeon will suffice

question

The surgical concent form can be witnessed by ea of the following EXCEPT

answer

the surgeon, the nurse, an authorized hospital employee, THE PATIENT'S SPOUSE

question

A general concent form is

answer

a form authorizing all treatments or porcedures

question

The ultimate responsibility for obtaining consent lies with the

answer

surgeon

question

The surgical consent is signed

answer

before administration of preoperative medications

question

an informed consent

answer

protects patient from unratified or unwanted procedures and preotects the surgeon and the hospital from claims of an unauthorized operation

question

Implied consent

answer

is allowed by law in emergencies when no other authorized person may be contacted

question

Which position would be the most desirable for a pilonidal cystectomy or an hemorrhoidectomy

answer

Kraske

question

a postition often used in cranial procedures is called

answer

Fowler's

question

in positioning for laminectomy, rolls or bolsters are placed

answer

longitudinally to support the chest from axilla to hip

question

the position used for a patient in hypovolemic shock is

answer

modified Trendelenbrug

question

A Mayfield table would be used for which type of surgery

answer

neurologic

question

Good exposure for thyroid surgery is ensured by all of the following EXCEPT

answer

modified dorsal recumbent with shoulder roll, hyperextension of the neck, utilization of skin-stay

question

A procedure requiring the patient to be positioned supine in modified lithotomy is

answer

Abdominoperineal resection (APR)

question

In which procedure may the patient be placed in a supine position with the right side slightly elevated by a wedge to tilt the patient to the left

answer

Cesarean section

question

The position for most open bladder surgery would be

answer

supine, bolster under pelvis

question

In which circumstance could the patient sustain injury to the pudendal nerves

answer

positioned on the fracture table

question

Which factor is important to consider when positioning the aging patient

answer

skeletal changes, limited range of motion of joints, tissue fragility, ALL OF THE ABOVE

question

When positioning the patient for a procedure, which of the following provides maximum patient safety and maximum surgical site exposure

answer

patient;s body doesn't touch metal on table, equipment, Mayo stand, and personnel are not resting on pt, bony prominences are padded, ALL OF THE ABOVE

question

When preparing a patient for a breast biopsy, a breast scrub is either eliminated or done very gently because of

answer

dispersal of cancer cells

question

The ideal place to do the shave prep is in the

answer

holding area of the OR

question

Any area that is considered contaminated

answer

should be scrubbed last or separately

question

In preparation for surgery, skin should be washed and painted

answer

from the incision site to the periphery in a cirucular motion

question

Preliminary preparation of the patient's skin begins

answer

with a preoparative shower

question

Suction tubing is attached to the drapes with a

answer

nonperforating clamp

question

When draping a table, the scrub nurse shoud drape

answer

front to back

question

A seamless, stretchable material often used to cover extremities during draping

answer

stockinette

question

Drapes are

answer

placed on a dry area

question

which statement demostrates a break in technique during the draping process

answer

gloved hands may touch the skin of the patient

question

A head drape consists of

answer

medium sheet, towel, towel clip

question

Gowns are considered sterile only from

answer

chest to sterile field level, and sleeves from elbow to cuffs

question

An acceptable action when drying the hands and arms after the surgical scrub is to

answer

dry thoroughly, cleanest area first

question

Which statement regarding the scrub procedure is not true

answer

renders the skin aseptic

question

If the scrub nurse needs to change a glove during an operation

answer

the circulator pulls the glove off

question

Which statement regarding the removal of gown and gloves doesn't meet safe criteria

answer

The gloves are removed before the gown

question

An effective surgical scrub procedure is

answer

time method and brush-stroke method

question

Regarding the surgical scrub, which statement would violate acceptable practice

answer

nail polish may be worn if freshly applied

question

Eyewear, goggles and/or facesshields should be worn

answer

on every case

question

the surgical scrub is

answer

mechanical washing and chemical antisepsis of the skin

question

Scrub technique endos

answer

2 inches above the elbow

question

Which statement reagarding the surgical scrub indicates INAPPROPRIATE preparation by the scrub

answer

nail polish may be worn, if not chipped

question

Which statement best decribes an effective surgical hand scrub

answer

time or number of strokes, ahnd to elbow sequence

question

The brush-stroke method of scrubbing prescribes the number of strokes required. Indicate the number for ea: nails, fingers, hand and arms

answer

30,20,20,20

question

A surgical treatment for scoliosis (is a lateral deviation of the spine) could employ the use of

answer

Harington rods (are internal splints that help maintain the supine as straight as possible)

question

What is a lebsche used for

answer

A Lebsche sternum knife is used in chest surgery to open the sternum

question

A rongeur used extensively in surgery of the spine and in neurosurgery is the

answer

Kerrison rongeur (available in several angles)

question

Bakes are

answer

common duct dilators and have maleable shafts in sizes 3-11mm. they are used to explore the common bile duct

question

A rib retractor is a

answer

Finochietto

question

A Doyen is a

answer

rib raspatory

question

The instrument used to enlarge the burr hole made during a craniotomy is

answer

Rongeur. (an electric drill or a hand perforator is used to make the burr holes. a rongeur is used to enlarge the burr hole)

question

Wescott scissors are used in

answer

ophtalmic surgery

question

The instrument used in a splenectomy is a

answer

pedicle clamp (For splenectomy prepare a basic laparotomy set plus two large right angled pedicle clamps and long instruments and hemostatic material)

question

Bowman probes are used in

answer

to probe the lacrimal duct in a dacrocystorhinostomy and in lacrimal probing to open a closed lacrimal drainage system

question

A Hurd dissector and pillar retractor is used in

answer

tonsillectomy to free the tonsil lobe from its attachments to the pillars

question

The lempert elevator is used in surgery of the

answer

delicate ear surgery

question

A Scoville retractor is used in a

answer

laminectomy

question

A Bailey is a

answer

rib approximator and is used to approximate the ribs for closure of the thoracic incision before closure of the chest

question

A Sauerbruch is a

answer

rib rongeur used to resect a rib and is found in a thoracotomy rib instrument bone set

question

An Auvard is a

answer

speculum that is weighted fro use in the bagina

question

A babcock is used to

answer

grasp delicate structures

question

Nasal cartilage is incised with

answer

Ballenger swivel knife

question

A self-retracting retractor is a

answer

Weitlaner

question

A rectal speculum is a

answer

Hill

question

A small fine needle holder used in plastic surgery is a

answer

Webster

question

A kidney pedicle clamp is a

answer

Herrick

question

Uterine dilators are

answer

Hanks

question

On which set would a Jenning's mouth retractor be found

answer

tonsillectomy set

question

An instrument used to retrieve a needle biopsy from either thyroid, liver, kidney or prostate is

answer

Silverman biopsy needle

question

The instrument used for a corrective rhinoplasty is

answer

a freer elevator to undermine the skin of the nose and free the periosteum and perichondrium

question

The instruments found on an intestinal set up are

answer

The Doyen clamps that come straight or curved

question

The retractor in a thorocotomy set to separate the ribs is

answer

the Bailey rib retractor

question

What is the Green retractor

answer

It is a goiter retractor also known as a loop retractor. It is used to retract the sternocleidomastoid muscle during thyroidectomy

question

An instrument found in a major bone set is a

answer

Stille-Luer Duckbill rongeur. It is used to bite off sharp, irregular bone edges

question

What is a Davidson

answer

A Davidson is a scapula retractor. It is found in a thoracotomy set

question

The instrument used to grasp lung tissue is

answer

the Duval forceps is alung-grasping forcep and is included in the instrumentation for lobectomy and pheumonectomy

question

The instruments found on a vascular set up are

answer

The stinsky and DeBakey are vascular clamps, and the Pott Smith is an angled or straight vascular scissors. The DeBakey cross action bulldog is a clamping instrument

question

The instrument known as bulldog is

answer

A DeBakey bulldog is a cross action clamp, straight or curved. It is used for occlusion of major perpheral arteries.

question

What is a Heaney

answer

A Heaney is a hysterectomy forceps. It has double serrated jaws with cross grooves

question

What is a Potts-Smith instrument

answer

is a vascular scissors that is angled to the side

question

The instrument used to clamp the aorta in an AAA surgery is

answer

The satinsky aortic clamp

question

The Castroviejo needle holder is

answer

used in both eye and plastic surgery as well as other surgeries requiring fine, delicate suture

question

What is a kidney instrument

answer

Randall stone forceps

question

What is a Harrington

answer

it is a retracting instrument frequently used for gallbladder surgery. Its tip is heart-shaped, thus it is sometimes called the sweetheart

question

A techinique utilizing the insertion of a needle or wire thorugh a needle in order to identify suspicious breast tissue is a

answer

wire localization

question

a forceps used to remove stones in billiary surgery is a

answer

Randall stone forcpes

question

Which procedure may require the preparation of a skin graft setup

answer

In a total radical mastectomy, the surgeon may prapare the anterior surface of the thight in the venet a skin graft is needed

question

Right angled pedicle clamps would be found on a setup for

answer

splenectomy

question

Blunt nerve hooks are selected for a

answer

vagotomy setup

question

In which procedural setup would a T-tube be found

answer

exploration of the common bile duct

question

Stapedectomy requires all of the followning EXCEPT

answer

small microsuction, speculum, prothesis, AUTOGRAFT

question

Cochlear implants utilize an electode device

answer

to restore hearing

question

all of the following are required for repair of a nasal fracture

answer

bayonet forceps, splint and Asch forceps

question

A forceps used in nasal surgery is a

answer

Bayonet

question

All of the following instruments can be forund on a nasal setup EXCEPT

answer

Freer elevator, bayonet forceps, POTTS FORCEPS Frazier suction tube

question

On which setup would bougies be found

answer

esophagoscopy (they're esophageal dilators)

question

All of the following can be found on a tonsillectomy setup

answer

yankauer suction, Hurd dissector and pillar retractor and tongue depressor

question

Tissue expanders are used in

answer

breast reconstruction

question

The fracture trated with arch bars is

answer

mandibular and maxillary fractures reductions

question

Rib removal for surgical exposure of the kidney requires all of the following

answer

alexander periosteotome, Doyen raspatory and Sille shears

question

Stone forceps on a kidney set are

answer

Randall

question

A Sarot is a

answer

bronchus clamp

question

Which item would not be included on a setup for a transvenous (endocardial) pacemaker

answer

intra-aortic balloon pump

question

The most frequent conditions requiring the use of a permanent pacemaker are

answer

heart block and bradyarrhythmia

question

Which setup would include distraction and copression components

answer

Harrington rods are internal splints -- the distraction rods placed concave to the curve and the compression rods on the convex side

question

Traction applied directly on bone via pins, wires, or tongs is

answer

Skeletal

question

skeletal traction of a lower leg is accomplished with the use of a

answer

Kirschner wire

question

In orthopedic surgery, the viewing of the progression of the procedure on a television screen is known as

answer

image intensification (flouroscopy)

question

A neurologic study in chich a radiopaque substance is injected into the subarachnoid space through a lumbar puncture is called

answer

Myelogram

question

A neuro headrest skull clamp is called a

answer

Mayfield

question

Maintenance of acceptable blood pressure and prevention of the development of air emboli in the neurosurgical patient can be effected by preoprative utilization of

answer

an antigravity suit

question

A _________ is a mouth gag

answer

Dingman

question

Specialized instruments for a cleft lip rapair would include

answer

Logan's bow (it is applied to the cheeks with tape strips to relieve tension on the incision and to splint the lip. it is a curved metal frame)

question

Cloward instrumentation would be included for suregery of the

answer

cervical spine

question

On which setup would a Bever knife handle be found

answer

eye surgery

question

Which procedure requiers a sterile setup

answer

skeletal traction (traction bow, pins and drills)

question

A craniotomy may employ the use of a ______ for exposure

answer

Leyla-Yasargil self-retracting retractor

question

On which setup would either a Pereyra or a Stamey needle be found

answer

urologic surgery (it is used for bladder neck suspension. it is a ligature carrier

question

Disintegration of kidney stones thorugh a liquid medium is accomplished with an

answer

extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor

question

A urology perineal retractor system is called

answer

Omni-Tract

question

Which procedure would utilize a Mason-Judd retractor

answer

bladder surgery

question

A Furlow inserter is used in

answer

Penile implantation

question

On which case would a boomerang be found

answer

Prostate surgery

question

A millin is a(n)

answer

retropubic bladder retractor

question

which setup would include a Gomco clamp

answer

circumcision (infants)

question

In which surgical specialty would a HUMI cannula be used

answer

gynecologic

question

an instrument used in laparoscopy to manipulate the uterus for increased structure visibility is the

answer

Hulka Forceps

question

A central venous pressure (CVP) catheter insertion requires

answer

a sterile set up

question

The purpose of a set of Bakes would be

answer

common duct dilation

question

A Steffee plate is a

answer

spinal implant for tx of fractures, spondylolishtesis and idiopathic scoliosis of the thoracolumbar column

question

Skeletal traction is accomplished with

answer

Cruthcfield tongs

question

The Bookwalter is a _______ instrument

answer

retracting

question

Which instrument is a retractor

answer

harrington

question

A long thoracic forceps is a

answer

Schnidt

question

A bougie is a

answer

esophageal dilator

question

Which graft must be obtained with a dermatome

answer

split-thickness mesh graft

question

A Cavitron unit is used for

answer

phacoemulsification

question

The power source for Hall pover equipment is

answer

nitrogen

question

A neurosurgical drill used for precision cutting, shaping, and repari of bone is the

answer

Air Drill 100

question

In what surgery would a small fragment compression set be used

answer

olecranon fracture

question

A permanent pacemaker operates on a pulse generator powered by

answer

lithium

question

Which item is an air drill

answer

Hall power equipment

question

Hypothermia is employed in cardiac surgery

answer

to reduce oxygen consumption

question

which item is not a comp9onent of a cardiopulmonary bypass system

answer

oxygenator, hear exchanger, VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATOR, pump

question

which movement iin a power instrument drills holes or inserts screws, wires or pins

answer

rotary movement

question

The power instrument that is small, lighweight, free of vibration, and easy to handle for pinpoint accuracy at high speed is

answer

air-powered

question

The power source for the Air Drill 100 is

answer

compressed nitrogen

question

the power source for air-powered dermatomes is

answer

compressed nitrogen and air

question

Suction tubing should be processed in the following way

answer

residual of distilled water in lumen, steam sterilize, tubing coiled

question

The suction tip that is right angled and is used for small amounts of fluid such as in brain surgery is

answer

Ferguson-Frazier suction tip

question

Which suction tip has an angle and is used in the mouth or throat

answer

yankauer

question

When using a cellsaver for autologous blood transfusion, the blood is suctioned through a double lumen tubing and is

answer

heparinized (heparinized saline or citrated dextrose mixes with blood at the tip of the tubing. it is filtered and separated and RBC are washed, infused with saline, and go into a reinfusion bag

question

During orthopedic surgery, the suction tubing shoud be

answer

cleared frequently

question

which type of surgery would require several patent suction cannulas and sucction often controlled by a foot-pedal

answer

ear, nose and throat (ENT)

question

when suctioning in neruosurgery a precaution taken is to

answer

avoid applying vacuum directly on brain or neural tissue

question

A tourniquet is utilized

answer

only when hemorrhage is not contrelled by other methods

question

The proper setting for a tourniquet applied to an arm is

answer

250-300 mmHg

question

Exsanguination of a limb before tourniquet inflation is accomplished with wrapping the elevated extremity with

answer

Esmarch

question

The amount of pressure used to inflate a tourniquet depends on all of the following EXCEPT

answer

patient's age, size of extremity, DEPTH OF SURGICAL INCISION, systolic blood pressure

question

A regional block that uses the tourniquet is a

answer

Bier block

question

The tourniquet is contraindicated if

answer

a patient's circulation to distal part of extremity is poor

question

Which action drains venous blood during tourniquet application

answer

elevate extremity before thightening tourniquet

question

At what point should the surgeon be informed of the time of tourniquet application

answer

after 1 hour, then every 15 minutes

question

When would the use of Esmarch be contraindicated

answer

when patient has had recent injury and has had recent cast

question

Which agent is NOT used to inflate a pneumatic tourniquet

answer

nitrous oxide

question

A precaution necessary when using a pneumatic tourniquet is

answer

solutions must be prevented from pooling under tourniquet

question

In which procedure would a tourniquet be contraindicated

answer

gangrenous toe amputation

question

A grounding pad is not required for the electrocautery in

answer

a bipolar unit

question

The inactive electrode of the cautery is the

answer

ground pad

question

The electrical circuit of the electrocautery when

answer

current flows to generator to active electrode, through tissue, and back to generator via the inactive electrode

question

why must the electrocautery tip be kept clean

answer

to ensure electrical contract effectiveness

question

in electrocautery "buzzing" refers to

answer

coagulation of vessel via a metal instrument touching the active electrode

question

which electrosurgical unit provides precise control of the coagulated area

answer

bipolar

question

which condition is MOST acceptable when using electrocautery

answer

ground pad placed close to operative site

question

the active electrode on the electrocautery is the

answer

tip

question

A cautery would not be used

answer

in neck or nasopharynx surgery if nitrous oxide is used

question

why are only moist sponges utilized during electrocautery use

answer

to prevent fire

question

if the electrocautery is used through the colonoscope, CO2 should be available to flush out the colon because

answer

gases normally in colon could cause explosion

question

Fulguration is utilized primarily in _________surgery

answer

transurethral resection and prostate operations (TURP)

question

When working in the bladder why is more or higher electrical current necessary during cautery use

answer

more current is needed when working in solution

question

Fulguration via the resectoscope is accpomplished by the use of an ____tip

answer

electrode

question

a direct visualization of the common bile duct is done by means of a

answer

choledochoscope

question

Fiberoptic lighting is

answer

an intense cool light that illuminates body cavities via a bundle of thousands of coated glass fibers.

question

Complications can occur during endoscopy such as

answer

bleeding and perforation

question

an endoscopy procedure that does not requiere a steril set up is

answer

a bronchoscopy

question

Fiberoptic cable integrity is questionable when

answer

dark spots are evident

question

when using a fiberoptic, burns and fires are prevented by

answer

cable is kept away from drapes when disconnected from endoscope; personnel should not lean on cable endo that is disconnected but is still on ; cable end is kept on a moist

question

An economical, practical, and effective way to clean reusable channeled endocsopic instruments initially is with the

answer

endoflush

question

a sterilant that is used on endoscopes that is bactricidal, fungicidal, and sporricidal in 20-30 minutes processing time is

answer

peracetic acid

question

which statement is true regarding a STERIS system for endoscope sterilization

answer

only one scope or a few instruments can be processed in a cycle

question

The endoscope that provides aview of the middle of the thorax, between the two pleural sacs is

answer

mediastinoscope

question

Loupes are used for

answer

magnification

question

Resolving power of an operating microscope means

answer

the ability to discern detail

question

Which item in the optical lens system is responsible for magnification

answer

oculars and objective lens

question

The range of focal lenghts of the objective lenses in the operating microscope is

answer

100-400mm

question

A continuously variable magnification system is afforded to the eye surgeon by the

answer

zoom lens with foot control

question

The purpose of the "slit" lamp in eye surgery is

answer

defining depth perception

question

The operating microscope that visually employs fiberoptics for its light source is

answer

coaxial illuminators provides intense, cool light

question

Care of the microscope would include

answer

damp dust external surfaces with detergent-disinfectant before use; enclose in an antistatic plastic cover when not in use and clean casters before each use

question

The purpose of the beam splitter in an operating microscope is to

answer

coincide the assistant's field of view with the suregon's

question

The colpomicroscope affords a view of the

answer

cervix

question

The procedure employing the use of a self retaining laryngoscope and microscope is called a

answer

suspension microlaryngoscopy

question

The binocular microscope provides stereoscopic vision. This refers to

answer

the view afforded by double eyepieces

question

Which magnifying powers are available for the microscope eye piece

answer

10X, 12.5X, 16X and 20X

question

Which procedure is inappropriate when caring for optic lenses

answer

oil or fingerprints are removed by soaking in solvent for 10 minutes and drying with a cotton ball, (correct: they should be removed with a solvent or lens-cleaning solution or 50% denatured alcohol not immersed)

question

The OR bed may have a metal crossbar between the two upper sections which may be raised to elevate the

answer

kidney and gallbladder

question

Which item is also known as an "airplane support"

answer

double arm board

question

Operative accessibility in thyroid surgery may be aided by the use of a

answer

shoulder bridge

question

In which position would shoulder braces be indicated

answer

extreme Trendelenburg

question

A precaution necessary when using the kidney rests is

answer

to press firmly but not too tightly against body, to pad well and to place the longer rest beneath iliac crest

question

Chest rolls (bolsters)

answer

facilitate respiration

question

Bakelite orthopedic table attachments are sometimes used because

answer

the do not interfere with radiographic studies

question

Sponges and towels used near the laser tissue impact site are kept wet in order to

answer

prevent ignition of these materials by reflected beam

question

A laser plume is composed of

answer

carbonized particles, water and odor

question

When using lasers, nonreflective instrumentation

answer

decreases accidental direct reflection of the laser beam to another area

question

Which laser emission is primarily absorbed in tissue by hemoglobin or melanin

answer

Argon (operates in the visible light region in the blue-green spectrum)

question

The fire extinguisher of choice for a laser fire is a

answer

Halon (consists of hudrogenated halocarbons and doesnt produce a residue and has low toxicity)

question

In surgical precodure employing the use of the laser, prep solution on the patient's skin should be pat-dried because

answer

pooled fluids can retain laser heat and subsequently burn tissue

question

Laser surgery performed in the rectal area shoud be preceded by

answer

suctioning of lower bowel to remove methane gas, and packing in the rectum with wet, counted sponges

question

Ebonization refers to

answer

coating of instruments to decrease reflectivity

question

The use of each of the following items are measures employed to readuce laser induce injuries

answer

ebonized instruments, anodized instruments and reflective drapes

question

When utilizing the laser, occupational exposure to suergical smoke via the skin, eye and mucous memebranes is best minimized by the use of

answer

universal precautions

question

Which specialty would employ the use of slit lamp and laser

answer

ophthalmic

question

The laser used primarily for port-wine stain lessons of the skin is the

answer

Ruby

question

People who are near the CO2 laser impact area cna guard against corneal injuries by

answer

wearing amber-tinted lenses

question

Each of the following are measures used to control the effects of the laser plume

answer

smoke evacuators, suctions and high filtration masks

question

wich endotrachal tube is contraindicated during laser suergery

answer

PVC tube

question

what item should be on the scrub person's instrumentation table while the laser is in use

answer

a basin with sterile water or saline (in case of fire)

question

The laser used most commonly for retinal detachment, tear or hole is

answer

argon

question

The tunable dye laser used to disintegrate kidney stones is the

answer

Candela

question

A device used to correct and counteract internal bleeding conditions and hypovolemia is

answer

MAST (medical antishock trouser)

question

Placement of a Levin tube would be in the

answer

stomach

question

a sponge used in brain surgery is a

answer

cottonoid patty

question

The dressing used after nasal surgery is

answer

moustache dressing

question

Seemless tubular cotton that stretches to fit a contour and is used for padding is called a

answer

stockinette

question

Which case would require the use of cottonoid strips

answer

laminectomy

question

An item used for padding that has smooth and clingy layers is called

answer

Webril is a soft, lint-free, cotton bandage

question

Rectal packing is made of

answer

petroleum-treated gauze

CHAP 2 PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION – Flashcards

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