Management: Chapter 14 Leadership – Flashcards
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Leadership
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process of influencing others to achieve group or organizational goals
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What is the main difference between leaders and managers?
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The primary difference between these two is that leaders are concerned with doing the right thing, where as managers are concerned with doing things right
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Trait Theory
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a leadership theory that holds that effective leaders possess a similar set of traits of characteristics
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What are 7 traits that distinguish leaders from followers?
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These traits include: Drive, desire to lead, honesty/integrity, self confidence, emotional stability, cognitive ability, and knowledge of the business.
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What are two important leadership behaviors?
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Initiating structure and Consideration
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Initiating Structure
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Degree to which a leader structures the roles of followers by setting goals, giving directions, setting deadlines, and assigning tasks. (leadership behavior)
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Consideration
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The extent to which a leader is friendly/approachable/supportive showing concern for employees (Leadership behavior)
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The best leadership style depends on what?
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The situation at hand
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Fiedler's contingency theory
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a leadership theory that states that in order to maximize work group performance, leaders must be matched to the situation that best fits their leadership style. (The favorableness of a situation permits the leader to influence the behavior of group members.)
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Least Preferred Coworker (LPC) scale
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Two Leadership styles: 1) People who desire their LPC in a positive way have a relationship-oriented leadership style. 2) people who describe their LPC in a negative way have a task-oriented leadership style.
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Situational Favorableness
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The degree to which a particular situation either permits or denies a leader the chance to influence the behavior of group members.
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What are the three most important situational factors?
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1) Leader-member relations 2)Task Structure 3) Position power
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Leader-member relations
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the degree to which followers, respect, trust, and like their leaders
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Task Structure
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The degree to which the requirements of a subordinates tasks are clearly specified
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Position Power
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The degree to which leaders are able to hire, fire, reward, and punish workers
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according to Fiedler, leaders are incapable to change their leadership style
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True
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Path-Goal Theory
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A leadership theory that states that leaders can increase subordinate satisfaction and performance by clarifying and clearing the paths to goals and by increasing the number and kinds of rewards available for goal attainment (Review diagram from slides)
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What are the 4 types of leadership styles
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1) Directive 2) supportive 3) participative 4) achievement-oriented
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Normative decision theory
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Helps leaders decide how much employee participation (from none to letting employees make the entire decision) should be used when making decisions.
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Visionary leadership
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Creates a positive image of the future that motivates organizational members and provides direction for future planning and goal setting
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Charismatic Leadership
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The behavioral tendencies and personal characteristics of leaders that create an exceptionally strong relationship with followers.
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Ethical Charismatics
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provide developmental opportunities for followers, are open to positive and negative feedback, recognize others' contributions, share information, and have moral standards that emphasize the larger interests of the group, organization, or society
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Unethical Charismatics
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control and manipulate followers, do what is best for themselves instead of their organizations, want to hear only positive feedback, share information that is only beneficial to themselves, and have moral standards that put their interests before everyone else's.
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Transformational Leadership
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Generates awareness and acceptance of a group's purpose and mission and gets employees to see beyond their own needs and self interests for the good of the group
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Transactional Leadership
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Based on an exchange process in which followers are rewarded for good performance and punished for poor performance.
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what are the components of Transformational Leadership
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1)Charismatic leadership or idealized influence 2)Inspirational motivation 3)Intellectual stimulation 4)Individualized consideration
