sports medicine: final exam study guide – Flashcards
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A broad field of medicine practices related to physical activity and sport is known as:
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Sports Medicine
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The three primary people on the sports medicine team include:
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The Athletic Trainer, Physician and Coach
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Which member of the sports medicine team is charged with injury prevention and healthcare provisions for the athlete?
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The Athletic Trainer
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What year was the first NATA meeting held?
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1950
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Which member of the sports medicine team has the decision on whether or not an athlete can or cannot participate in practice or competitions?
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The Physician
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________ refers to the capacity to enter into the feelings or spirit of another.
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Empathy
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What are two divisions of the sports medicine umbrella?
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Human performance and injury prevention.
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How many CEUs does an athletic trainer need?
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25 a year if certified after 2014 / 50 every 2 years.
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An Osteopath is which type of doctor?
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Bone
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A Neurologist specializes in injuries and disorders of the:
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Brain, Spine, and Nervous system
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What does the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) do?
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Protects the patients privacy.
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List 4 good qualities of an ATC.
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Ethical, caring, since of humor, and stamina
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The BOC exam consist of how many parts?
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3
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Working at or near maximum capacity is known as:
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Overload
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An exercise where the muscle length remains the unchanged is called:
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Isometric
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Which type of exercise is most popular and involves concentric and eccentric contractions?
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Isotonic
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How long should the eccentric phase of the exercise last?
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About 4 seconds
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The amount of weight being lifted?
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Intensity
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If i am weight training for strength my number of rep will ________ and my intensity will ________.
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Decrease / Increase
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What is an isokenetic exercise?
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constant velocity / speed
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A training technique that uses a combination of exercise stations. Used for flexibility, calisthenics, and aerobic exercise.
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Circuit Training
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In order to increase CRE (Cardioresiratory endurance) the body must be able to use what more efficiently?
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Oxygen
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VO2 max is:
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The maximum amount of oxygen that can be taken in and used in one breath.
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The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat is known as:
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Stroke Volume
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What does the body use to make energy?
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ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
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ATP is produced form the breakdown of what substance?
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Glucose
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Which activity would the body need to convert fat to make energy?
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Aerobic activity
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To increase CRE, what should your target heart rate be during the activity?
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60-80% of your maximum heart rate
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For an aerobic exercise to be effective, how long should it last?
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At least 20 minutes
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What is the formula to determine Maximum Heart Rate?
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220 - your age
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The predominance of one type of muscle fiber over another in the human body results primarily from:
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Genetics
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The stretching method that uses an extreme stretch that is held for a long period of time is:
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Static
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How many minutes of gradual warm-up are required to bring the body to state of readiness so that it can perform at peak levels?
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10-15 minutes
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The Golgi Tendon Organs respond to increase tension after:
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6 seconds
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When a sprinter runs the 50 yard dash he/she is primarily using which type of muscle fiber?
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Type 2B
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That which requires oxygen:
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Aerobic
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Ability to do work or exert force against resistance:
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Strength
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List 4 physiological changes that occur during a warm-up.
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Temperature increases Breathing increases Heart rate increases Muscle elasticity increases
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How many minutes should a typical cool-down last?
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5-10 minutes
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The ability to move a joint(s) smoothly through full ROM (range of motion).
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Flexibility
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The muscle undergoing the stretch during movement:
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Antagonist
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The quadriceps contract to produce knee extension, thus the quadriceps is the:
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Agonist
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Can be referred to as dynamic stretching:
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Ballistic
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Which training method focuses on increasing flexibility, strength, and coordination through a series of movements, postures, and poses?
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Pilates
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A marathon runner will have more ______ muscle fibers than _______ muscle fibers>
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Slow(type 1) / fast (type 2)
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Which type of muscle fibers is better for producing quick and powerful movements?
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Type 2 (fast twitch)
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Which type of muscle fiber is aerobic in nature?
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Type 1 (slow twitch)
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Which type of muscle fiber is fatigue resistant?
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Type 1 (slow twitch)
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Which theory has been proven regarding muscle hypertrophy?
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Protein myfilamen increases.
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_______ is the relationship between strength and time.
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Power
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A decrease in muscle size is known as ________.
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Atrophy
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_____ ______ _____ are primarily anaerobic and do not depend on oxygen for their energy supply.
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Fast twitch fibers
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________ contractions increase the strength throughout the full range of motion of any given joint.
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Isotonic
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When on is training a muscle, the number of muscle fibers increase, which in tun increases the size of the muscle. True or False
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False
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_________ contractions creates a greater force than _________ contractions.
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Ecentric / concentric
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Sugars and starches are examples of:
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Carbs
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The most efficient source of energy is:
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Carbs
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Fiber can protect the body against which diseases?
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Colon Cancer and Coronary Heart Disease
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List all the functions of protein:
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Build Repair Maintain Tissues Create energy
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List the fat-soluble vitamins:
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A D E K
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The basic units that make up proteins are called:
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Amino acids
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Anorexia Athletica is characterized by what signs and symptoms?
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Not eating as much but still do because they're athletes and need energy. Secretive Deny hunger Work out a lot
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The mineral that is the most abundant in the body, and is necessary for bone formation is:
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Calcium
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What does it mean to be lactose intolerant?
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The body lacks the enzyme Lactace, which breaks down dairy products.
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What name is given to a person who will eat cheese, drink milk, and eat vegetables, but excludes eggs from his/her diet?
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Lactovegetarian
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Which nutrient aids in the elimination of waste products (bulk)?
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Fiber
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In what type of product can you find Omega-3 fatty acid?
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Fish oils (cold water fish)
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Where are minerals stored?
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Liver and bones
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Too much of this vitamin may cause kidney stones and diarrhea.
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Vitamin C
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Which mineral(s) tend to be the lowest in the body (especially in women)?
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Calcium and Iron
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Someone who is anemic is deficient in _______.
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Iron
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Which product increases alertness and decreases fatigue?
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Caffeine
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Fat tissue + Lean tissue =
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Body composition
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Body fat % should not fall between ___% in women and ____% in men.
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12 / 3`
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A ratio of height and weight:
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Body mass index (BMI)
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Glycogen is stored in the ____________?
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Liver and Muscles
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Why are all foods organic?
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the contain carbon
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______ is the most essential nutrient and accounts for ___% of the body's total weight.
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Water / 60
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_________ _________ is characterized by recurrent episodes of rapid and uncontrollable ingestion of large amounts of food in a short period of time, followed by purging.
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Bulimia Nervousa
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Water intake should be restricted during physical activity, because unlimited use of water hampers performance.
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False
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To lose weight, an individual must increase ______ and decrease ______.
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Exercise / caloric intake
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_____ ______ increase risk of heart disease by increasing levels of bad cholesterol.
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Trans fat
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list 5 ways heat is lost or gained:
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Evaporation Radiations Conduction Convection Metabolic
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what is the most effective means that the body has to dissipate heat, when the temperature and radiant heat of the environment are higher than the body temperature?
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Evaporation
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A heat disorder caused by profuse sweating, diarrhea, persistent muscle cramps and dizziness with loss of coordination is:
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Heat exhaustion
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Absence of sweating with hot, flushed skin, sudden collapse, altered consciousness and seizures is indicative of:
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Heat stroke
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In giving emergency treatment for heat stroke victim, the ATC should direct efforts at:
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Cooling down the player and transport to the hospital
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Shivering ceases below a body temperature of:
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85 - 90 degrees
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If you are out on the soccer practice field and you see lightning, hat should you do?
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Take shelter immediately by going indoors.
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List all of the symptoms of frost-nip.
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Blistering Coldness Numbness Waxy/blue skin
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If the flash to bang is 15 seconds, how far away is lighting occurring?
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3 miles away
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How many minutes before exposure to the sun should sunscreen be applied?
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15-30 minutes
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When a storm is near and persons hair stands on end, what should they do?
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Drop down to fetal position
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Which heat illness causes peripheral vasdiolation of the superficial vessels, hypotention or pooling of the blood in the extremities, which results in dizziness, fainting, and nausea.
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Heat syncope
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How are heat cramps treated?
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Massages Stretching Hydration
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What is Hyponatremia?
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low levels of sodium in the blood.
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where is most of the body heat lost?
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Head and Neck
