Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 4 – Flashcards
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The tissue that always has an apical surface is __________.
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epithelial tissue
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Which instrument is essential to the study of histology?
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microscope
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Which of these is not one of the four recognized tissue types?
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nasal tissue
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Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories?
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osseous tissue
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Many types of epithelial cells perform the function of __________.
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secretion
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The __________ stops materials from moving between cells across an epithelium.
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occluding junction
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Epithelial cells with important transport functions such as absorption and secretion often bear __________ on their free surfaces.
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microvilli
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The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is
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epithelial tissue.
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Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for
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secretion
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Functions of epithelia include all of the following, except
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supporting muscle cells.
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Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have ________ at their free surface.
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microvilli
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Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments. Such strong intercellular connections are called
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desmosomes
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A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n)
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occluding junction.
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Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by
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a basal lamina.
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Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false?
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They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress.
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Germinative cells
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divide continually to produce new epithelial cells.
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Cells that are specialized for secretion
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exhibit polarity.
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Characteristics of epithelia include
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avascularity polarity attachment. regeneration *all of the above*
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Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing are known as
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neuroepithelia.
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In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces, which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant?
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desmosomes
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Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ. This tissue is probably
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epithelium
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Simple squamous epithelium is found __________.
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lining blood vessels
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The urinary bladder is lined by __________.
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transitional epithelium
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The most common cell type in dense regular connective tissue is the __________.
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fibroblast
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An epithelium whose cells are taller than they are wide is known as a __________ epithelium.
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columnar
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The basic shapes of epithelial cells include all of the following, except
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oval
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Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the
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heart and blood vessels.
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The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as
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simple squamous.
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A type of epithelium found where absorption or secretion takes place is ________ epithelium.
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simple columnar pseudostratified columnar simple squamous simple cuboidal *any of the above *
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Simple cuboidal epithelium is found
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forming the kidney tubules.
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Simple columnar epithelia are found
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lining the stomach.
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Transitional epithelium is found
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lining the urinary bladder.
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The heart and blood vessels are lined by
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simple squamous epithelium.
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You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the
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trachea
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Glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid are
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endocrine glands.
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Which of the following is a type of secretion in which some cytoplasm is lost with the product?
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apocrine
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Watery perspiration is an example of a(n) ________ secretion.
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merocrine
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The pancreas produces ________ secretions.
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exocrine and endocrine
