Choices, US Role in a Changing World, Part 1, 2 & 3 (combined) – Flashcards
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The ideas, beliefs, and attitudes about what is important that help guide the way a person lives.
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values
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Freedom from the control, influence, support, aid, or the like, of others.
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independence
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The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.
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colonialism
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The incorporation of new territory into the domain of a city, country, or state.
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annexation
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A member of a political group advocating or fighting for national independence, a strong national government, etc.
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nationalist
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when a country, a part of a country, or a nation chooses its own government and controls its own activities.
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self-rule
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policy of supporting neither side in a war.
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neutrality
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The interaction of persons or groups of persons representing various nations in the pursuit of a common goal or interest.
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international cooperation
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Nations respect one another's borders and they do not try to gain another country's territory by force.
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territorial integrity
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Extending the rule of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.
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imperialism
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A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
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communism
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A governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism.
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fascism
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Establishing, adhering to and enforcing international law through organizations like the world court of justice and international criminal court can hasten cooperation and peace between nations
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international order
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Explosive devices whose destructive potential derives from the release of energy that accompanies the splitting or combining of atomic nuclei.
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nuclear weapons
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A policy adopted by President Harry Truman in the late 1940s, in which the United States tried to stop the spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weak countries to resist Soviet advances.
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containment
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The development of military power to deter, or prevent, an attack
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deterrence
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a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
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democracy
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the process in which people, ideas and goods spread throughout the world, spurring more interaction and integration between the world's cultures, governments and economies.
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globalization
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economic system in which individuals decide for themselves what to produce and sell.
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free market capitalism
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A relationship between countries in which they rely on one another for resources, goods, or services
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interdependence
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the influence American culture has on the culture of other countries, such as their popular culture, media, cuisine, technology, business practices, or political techniques.
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Americanization
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the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.
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WTO (World Trade Organization)
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involving two parties or sides
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bilateral
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The monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period.
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GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
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the protection of workers against fluctuations in earned income as a result of job loss
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employment security
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difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc.; lack of equality
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inequality
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average income earned per person in a given area
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per capita income
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a virus that attacks the immune system, the body's natural defense system
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HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus)
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A disease caused by mosquitoes implanting parasites in the blood.
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malaria
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Lack of nutrition caused by faulty or inadequate diet.
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malnutrition
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Any significant change in measures of climate, such as temperature, precipitation, or wind, lasting for an extended period of a decade or longer.
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climate change
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An international organization formed in 1945 to increase political and economic cooperation among member countries.
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UN (United Nations)
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the profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations, typically by a country's representatives abroad.
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diplomacy
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A situation in which the government and economy of a country may fall or collapse.
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political instability
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an organization composed primarily of sovereign states (referred to as member states)
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international governmental organization
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an organization whose main aims are to provide aid and advice to developing countries, as well as reducing poverty levels and encouraging and safeguarding international investment.
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The World Bank
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The process of establishing representative and accountable forms of government led by popularly elected officials.
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democratization
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any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group which is organized on a local, national or international level.
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NGO (non-governmental organization)
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Group on 28 European nations that acts as a cohesive economic and political block.
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EU (European union)
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a concept that those who govern are bound by the laws; no one is above the law
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rule of law
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Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group
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genocide
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a state's use of "military force against another state when the chief publicly declared aim of that military action is ending human-rights violations being perpetrated by the state against which it is directed."
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humanitarian intervention
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Violations against people's civil rights and liberties by governments
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human rights violations
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a nation or state regarded as breaking international law and posing a threat to the security of other nations
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rogue states
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one-sided
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unilateral
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a government in power; a form or system of rule or management; a period of rule
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regime
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system in which a group of nations acts as one to preserve the peace of all
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collective security
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many-sided
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multilateral
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a nuclear, radiological, chemical, biological or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number of humans or cause great damage to human-made structures (e.g. buildings), natural structures (e.g. mountains), or the biosphere.
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WMD (Weapon of Mass Destruction)
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an extremist militant group that rules by strict Islamist (Wahhabi/Salafi) law.
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I.S.I.S. (Islamic State in Iraq and Syria)
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a guided missile with a minimum range of 5,500 kilometres (3,400 mi) primarily designed for nuclear weapons delivery.
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ICBM (intercontinental ballistic missile)
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rapid growth; spread; multiplication
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proliferation
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a trigger of a firearm set for release at the slightest pressure; liable to change suddenly and violently
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hair-trigger
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Boycotts, embargoes, and other economic measures that one country uses to pressure another country into changing its policies.
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economic sanctions
