Writing Logically, Thinking Critically: Ch 1-4 – Flashcards
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socially constructed
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not inherently true
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Describe hedgehodges and foxes and their differences.
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Hedgehog: They know one big thing and view the world through a single lens, a dominant idea. They have a focused world view and strong convictions. Foxes: They base their view of the world on a variety of experiences and are less rigid, more pragmatic, and more aware of complexity and nuance.
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What does writing break down into? (Hint: three stages)
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Writing is a process that breaks down into: creating, shaping, and correcting.
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freewriting v.s. brainstorming
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Freewriting: Writing on a piece of paper continuously in sentences without jotting down ideas Brainstorming: Jotting down words, phrases, ideas to develop something into a project or paper.
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All good writing of an explanatory or persuasive nature is built on a balance between three elements. What are those three elements?
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1) Knowledge of the subject or argument 2) Identified audience 3) Clearly defined purpose
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Logos v.s. ethos v.s. pathos
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Logos: use of reason to persuade an audience Ethos: use of one's own charater and credibility to persuade an audience Pathos: Use of emotional appeals to persuade audience
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What is the figure of speech that helps us understand one thing in terms of another?
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Metaphor
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Strong metaphors create more powerful images than simple representation of facts and although it can reveal and express our thinking, what can it also do?
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Metaphors can shape our thinking.
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What is an analogy and how is it different from a metaphor?
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An analogy is similar to a metaphor, but specifically, it compares two or more things. It is explicit, not as implicit and suggestive as a metaphor.
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Define critical thinking in one sentence.
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Discerning or discriminating thought characterized by fairness and open-mindedness.
