CST110 Chapter 6 – Flashcards
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why is it impossible to "read a person like a book"?
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because understanding nonverbal communication requires interpreting behaviors and assigning meaning to it and we don't always have the information we need to do that
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what features of nonverbal communication make it challenging for us to interpret it easily?
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nonverbal communication is multichannel and transmit in a variety of ways simultaneously
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what is nonverbal communication?
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nonverbal communication- nonverbal behavior that has symbolic meaning
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how do some scholars differentiate nonverbal behavior from nonverbal communication?
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nonverbal communication stands for something and nonverbal behavior may not.
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what is nonverbal code?
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nonverbal code- distinct, organized means of expression that consists of symbols and rules for their use
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what five functions does nonverbal communication serve?
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communicating information, regulating interaction, expressing and managing intimacy, establishing social control, and signaling service-task functions.
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how does power influence nonverbal communication norms?
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via nonverbal codes of appearance and artifacts
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describe some ways in which it is possible for people to engages in unethical nonverbal communication.
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nonverbal cues that ridicule, derogate, or otherwise demean others.
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what are some specific strategies you can use to improve your ability to communicate nonverbally?
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assessing the congruence of the verbal and nonverbal components or a message, analyzing the context, your knowledge of the other person, and your own experiences
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Which of the following is a type of the nonverbal code we call "kinesics"?
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gestures
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Obscene gestures are a form of the nonverbal behavior known as
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kinesics
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Kinesics is the study of nonverbal communication including all of the following EXCEPT
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paralinguistic
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If you hold your index finger to your closed lips so that the person seated next to you stops talking, which kinesic behavior are you using?
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regulator
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All of the following facial expressions are thought to be the same across cultures EXCEPT
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calmness
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_____ or signals are distinct, organized means of expression that consist of both symbols and rules for their use.
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nonverbal codes
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When Nathan is in a rush and stuck in traffic, he often finds his leg bouncing. This is an example of a(n) _____.
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adaptors
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_____ are gestures that stand for a specific verbal meaning.
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emblems
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The study of the way people use time as a message is called _____.
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chronemics
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Giving a brief hug to a coworker that you have come to know well when you run into him/her downtown is an example of _____ touch
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friendship
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Gestures used to control conversation
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regulators
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Gestures used to manage emotions
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adaptors
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Nonverbal communication sent by the body, including gestures, posture, movement, facial expressions, and eye behavior
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kinesics
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The study of the communicative function of touch
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haptic
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Gestures that stand for a specific verbal meaning
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emblem
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nonverbal behavior that has symbolic meaning
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nonverbal communication
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all the nonverbal actions people perform
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nonverbal behavior
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nonverbal communication made with part of the body, including actions such as pointing waving or holding up a hand to direct people's attention
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gestures
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signals that accompany speech to clarify or emphasize the verbal messages
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illustrators
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how close or involved people appear to be with each other
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immediacy
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the degree of tension displayed by one's body
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relaxation
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all aspects of spoken language except the words themselves; includes rate, volume, pitch, stress
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paralinguistics
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qualities such as speed, pitch rhythm, vocal range, and articulation that make up the "music" of the human voice
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voice qualities
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uttered sounds that do not have the structure of language
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vocalization
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the study of how people use spatial cues, including interpersonal distance, territoriality, and other space relationships to communicate
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proxemics
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engaging in one task or behavior at a time
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monochronically
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engaging in multiple activités simultaneously
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polychronically
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(0-18 inches) the space used when interacting with those with whom one is very close
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intimate distance
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(18 inches to 4 feet) the space used when interacting with friends and acquaintances
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personal distance
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(4-12ft) the distance most US Americans use when they interact with unfamiliar others
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social distance
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(12-25 ft) the distance used for public ceremonies such as lectures and performances
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public distance
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type of touch used by certain workers, such as dentists, hairstylists, and hospice workers, as part of their livelihood; also known as functional touch
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professional touch
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the least intimate type of touch; used by certain workers, such as dentists, hairstylists, and hospice workers, as part of their livelihood; also known as professional touch
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functional touch
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touch that is part of daily interaction in the united states; it is more intimate that professional touch but is still impersonal
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social-polite touch
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touch that is more intimate than social touch and usually conveys warmth, closeness, and caring
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friendship touch
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the touch most often used with one's romantic partners and family
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love intimate touch
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a type of touch used to establish dominance and power
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demand touching
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clothing and other accessories
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artifacts
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using nonverbal behaviors to help clarify verbal messages and reveal attitudes and moods
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communicating information
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using nonverbal behaviors to help manage conversational interaction
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regulating interaction
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using nonverbal behaviors to help convey attraction and closeness
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expressing and managing intimacy
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using nonverbal behavior to exercise influence over other people
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establishing social control
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using nonverbal behavior to signal close involvement between people in impersonal relationships and contexts
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service-task functions
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verbal and nonverbal messages that expresses the same meaning
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congruent
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verbal and nonverbal messages that send conflicting messages
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contradicting
