Introduction to Inorganic Chemistry Chapter 1 – Flashcards
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True or false: an object on the Earth has the same MASS as an object on the moon
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True
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True or false: An object on the Earth has the same WEIGHT as an object on the moon
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False
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This is anything that has mass and occupies space
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matter
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this is the measurement of the amount of matter in an object
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mass
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the measurement of the gravitational force pulling the object towards Earth
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weight
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These are properties that can be observed or measured without changing or trying to change the composition of the matter in question
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physical properties
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These properties are properties matter demonstrates when attempts are made to change it into other kinds of matter
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Chemical properties
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changes that can be carried out without changing the composition of a substance
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physical changes
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changes matter undergoes that involve changes in composition
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chemical changes
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explanations for observed behaviors
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scientific models
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Describe matter in terms of the accepted scientific model
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All matter is made up of particles that are too small to see
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the smallest particle of a pure substance that has the properties of that substance and is capable of a stable independent existence
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molecule
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1). All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms 2). Substances called elements are made up of atoms that are all identical 3). Substances called compounds are combinations of atoms of two or more elements 4). Every molecule of a specific compound always contains the same number of atoms of each kind of element found in the compound 5). In chemical reactions, atoms are rearranged, separated, or combined, but are never created nor destroyed
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John Dalton's Theory (1766-1844)
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diatomic molecules
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containing two atoms
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homoatomic molecules
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molecules that only contain one kind of atom (same)
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heteroatomic molecule
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molecules that contain atoms that are not identical
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triatomic
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containing 3 atoms
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polyatomic
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containing more that 3 atoms
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the limit of chemical subdivision of matter
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atom
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matter that has a constant composition and fixed properties
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pure substance
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A physical blend of matter that can be physically separated into two or more components
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mixture
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Matter that has the same properties throughout the sample
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homogeneous matter
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Matter with properties that are not the same throughout the sample
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heterogeneous matter
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a homogeneous mixture of two or more pure substances
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solutions
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pure substances consisting of only one kind of atom in the form of homoatomic molecules or individual atoms
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elements
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pure substances consisting of two or more kinds of atoms in the form of heteroatomic molecules or individual atoms
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compounds
