Astronomy Today- Chapter 3 Radiation – Flashcards
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Visible Light
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The small range of the electromagnetic spectrum that human eyes perceive as light
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Electromagnetic Radiation
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Another term for light; transfers energy and info from one place to another
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Wave
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A pattern that repeats itself cyclically in both time and space
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Period
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The time needed for an orbiting body to complete one revolution about another body
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Wavelength
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The distance from one wave crest to another, at a given instant in time
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Amplitude
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The maximum deviation of a wave above or below zero point
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Frequency
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The number of wave crests passing any given point in a unit time
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Electron
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An elementary particle with a negative electric charge
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Proton
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An elementary particle with a positive electric charge
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Electric Field
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A field extending outward in all directions from a charged particle, such as a proton or electron
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Wave Theory of Radiation
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Description of light as a continuous wave phenomenon, rather than as a stream of individual particles
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Speed of Light
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The fastest possible speed, according to the currently known laws of physics
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Magnetic Field
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A field that accompanies any changing electric field and governs the influence of magnetized objects on one another
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Electromagnetism
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The union of electricity and magnetism, which do not exist as independent quantities but are in reality two aspects of a single physical phenomenon
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Diffraction
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The ability of waves to bend around corners
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
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The complete range of electromagnetic radiation, from radio waves to gamma rays, including the visible light spectrum
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Radio Waves
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Electromagnetic radiation with wavelength in the radio part of the spectrum
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Infrared Waves
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Electromagnetic radiation with wavelength in the infrared part of the spectrum
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Ultraviolet
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Region of the electromagnetic spectrum, just beyond the visible range, corresponding to wavelengths slightly shorter than blue light
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Gamma Ray
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Region of the electromagnetic spectrum, far beyond the visible spectrum, corresponding to radiation of very high frequency and very short wavelengths
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Temperature
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A measure of the amount of heat in an object, and an indication of the speed of the particles that compromise it
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Doppler Effect
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Any motion-induced change in the observed wavelength of a wave
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Frequencies
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Colors appear different to us because of their photons different
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X-rays don't penetrate earth atmosphere
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There are no x-ray telescopes on earth because
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Is halved
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If a waves frequency doubles, it's wavelength
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The visible
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The stars like our sun emit most of their light in which part of the electro magnetic spectrum
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The fourth power of its temperature
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The total energy radiated by a black body depends on
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That if the sun's temperature were doubled, it will give off 16 X more energy
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Steffan's law says
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They wave nature of light
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What does the phenomenon of interference demonstrate
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Temperature
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The wavelength at which a blackbody radiates most depends on its
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Violet
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The visible color of electromagnetic radiation that has the shortest wavelength is
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Radial motion
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The Doppler effect is a phenomenon that allows one to measure object's
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Kelvin
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The temperature scale that places zero at the point where all atomic and molecular motion ceases is
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Frequency times the wavelength of the Wave
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A Wave's velocity is the product of
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No shift
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Light from an object moving tangentially will exhibit
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Visible
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Which type of radiation can be of observed well from Earth surface
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X-rays
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Hot objects with temperatures off 10 million Kelvin give off most of their radiation in which part of the electromagnetic spectrum?
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Radio waves
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Of all the forms off electromagnetic radiation the one with the lowest frequency is
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X-ray
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To see the sun's hot Corona, which part of the electromagnetic spectrum should one observe
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81
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Increasing the temperature of a black body by a factor of three will increase its energy by a factor of
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Can behave both as a wave and as a particle
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Electromagnetic radiation
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Infrared
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Which form off electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by carbon dioxide and water Vapor in our atmosphere
